Leukantemum Nivyanik: varieties with photos, growing from seeds

Description of perennial flowers nivyanik and their photos

The daisy species are perennials that grow on red rhizomes. One mouth produces erect stems, which can vary in height from 40 centimeters to 1.3 meters, but in fact are usually almost twice their height.
The following is a description of the flowers of the daisy in all the variety of their forms and varieties. You can also see the flowers nivyanik in the photo, which illustrate the exquisite beauty of flowers during flowering:

Some varieties of daisy have only basal leaves, while others also have leaves along the stem. Some are attached with petioles, while others are attached by the base itself. Foliage is also distinguished in shape: they can be lobed or serrated.

The flower heads are single, paired, or in a group of three on the stem. The base of the head is layered up to 60 centimeters or more rough edges. The head of the daisy has from 13 to 34 rays (petals) of various widths, sometimes more. The radial flowers of the plant are always white, but may turn slightly pink with age.

The fruit is glabrous and ribbed.

In general, outwardly, the nivyanik is an ordinary meadow chamomile, which of course you will not confuse with anything. The following shows a photo of a daisy in various variations of the formation of buds, depending on the type of plant:

Application in traditional medicine

Let's continue the story about the nivyanik plant. The photo demonstrates his tenderness and beauty. In addition to decorativeness, the flower has useful properties that healers have long been using for the preparation of medicinal potions.

Popovnik ordinary has an antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, wound-healing, antioxidant, diuretic and antihelminthic effect on the body. Normalizes blood circulation and metabolism. Cleans the body of toxins, promotes the removal of "harmful" cholesterol.

Infusion of daisy flowers is used for bronchitis as an expectorant; it is also recommended for douching for gynecological problems such as thrush, irregular menstruation and infertility. Nivyanik ointments do an excellent job with eczema of various etiologies. Sitting baths of a decoction of whitehead leaves and stems help get rid of hemorrhoids.

It is interesting that the harmless flower has no contraindications, although doctors still advise to use it with caution in pregnant and lactating women, children under three years old. It must be remembered that the daisy has a mild laxative effect, so you should not drink it on the road or at work.

Botanical description

Everyone knows what the daisies look like, and yet let's see how botanists describe this plant. The height of the stem on which the inflorescences bloom, in the form of baskets, can be from 20 to 80 cm in different species. The stem is straight, little branches. Usually the plant forms a root rosette of leaves - simple, somewhat oblong with grooves along the edges, about which scientists say crenate. Peduncle stems grow from the outlet; there can be many of them on one bush. The rhizome is short, fibrous. The inflorescence of the basket (from 3 to 6 cm in diameter) is formed by two types of flowers: at the edges, the white petals are ligulate, and in the center, the flowers are yellow, the so-called tubular.Seeds ripen quickly and self-sowing in the same year. Let's take a closer look at individual representatives of this genus.

Propagation of a lemongrass from seeds

Seeds must be sown in regular soil or for seedlings. It is advisable to plant in the soil in the open air in April or late autumn. The seeds are laid in holes 2 cm deep. The distance between the pits should be 20 cm. After planting, the flower bed should be abundantly moistened. And after 15-20 days, you can expect the first shoots.

Seedlings that have grown are transplanted into flower beds. The distance between the planted flowers must be at least 30 cm.

Development in the first year does not go very quickly - the daisy is trying to build up the root system and healthy leaves. Flowering will begin in the second year.

To accelerate flowering, seedlings should be planted in the ground. In February, boxes with soil mixture are prepared. It contains a mixture of sand and peat. Seeds should be laid to a depth of 1 cm. The soil is moistened with watering and covered with a special film. To store seedlings, you need to choose a room with a temperature of +22 degrees and diffused light. For the emergence of seedlings, future seedlings are regularly watered, and the boxes are ventilated. Seedlings will appear in 2-3 weeks. The shelters are removed, and the seedlings are transferred to a lighter room with a temperature regime of 17-22 degrees above zero. As soon as the first leaves appear, dive into pots with a mixture of soil and humus. Transplanting into open ground is carried out in the second decade of May. During the development of the plant, rapid flowering can be expected, as can be seen in the photo of the daisy.

Growing features

The plant is best planted in sunny areas of the garden. It is advisable to choose a place that is well ventilated. The cornflower can grow in shady flower beds, but in this case, the stems can bend to form smaller inflorescences.

The daisy plant is planted in soft and fertile soil. Arrangement of good drainage is required. Heavy or overly light soils are not very suitable for the plant. In arid growth conditions, the plant withers quickly and the stem ages.

But high humidity can cause plant diseases and rapid decay of its root system. Therefore, it is recommended to water as needed, as the soil dries up.

When planting a plant, it is necessary to fertilize the soil. For this, a mixture of nitrate and wood chips is introduced into the soil. During flowering, fertilizing is done with nitrofoskoy diluted in 10 liters of water in an amount of 50 g. This solution is introduced during watering.

Also, when the plant blooms, dried inflorescences appear. They need to be pruned regularly, loosened up and weed removed. And after the plant has bloomed, the stem must be cut off.

Nivyanik grows rapidly. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent excessive drying out of the root system. To do this, they regularly fill up the earth.

To prepare for wintering, a bush with young rosettes is covered with dry foliage, straw or spruce branches. The thickness of such a layer can be in the range of 12-15 cm. The shelter remains until spring, after which it is removed. If, with the arrival of heat, the deciduous pillow is not removed, then the plant will begin to rot.

Nivyanik species

Only some plant varieties are cultivated:

Reproduction by division and cuttings

Cuttings are made in July-August. It is necessary to take the basal processes, which have formed a rosette, with a rhizome. Cuttings are planted in the wells in the same way as seedlings. Then watering is done.

During a 4-5 year period, the daisy grows. The flowerbed becomes excessively thick. Therefore, it is necessary to divide the bushes in the spring or at the end of September after flowering is complete.

They are dug up, the roots are shaken off from the soil and the cuttings are selected, on each of which there should be at least one outlet. Delenki are transplanted at intervals of 30 cm.

Florist tips

The masters of their craft have a couple of tricks that help to grow magnificent terry daisies on the site:

• If the soil is sour, then you should not despair. Before planting, it is enough to carry out alkalization, adding 300 g of lime, dolomite flour to 1 m².
• Immediately before planting, fertilizer for flowers is poured into the hole, which can be purchased in specialized stores.
• At the beginning of flowering, for the most lush buds, the plant is fed with a solution of potassium sulfate, superphosphate, 20 g per 10 liters.
• To prolong the life of cut terry chamomiles for sale, experienced gardeners feed them with baking soda (3/4 teaspoon is diluted in a liter of water). This will help get rid of bacteria and maintain a presentable appearance.

Attention! Do not overdo it with baking soda - it will destroy the plant.

• For abundant germination, soil is mulched with dry grass and sawdust.
• In one place, the daisy grows no more than 7-8 years. Overgrowth harms the plant's immunity and flower quality. Therefore, every 2-3 years it is necessary to rejuvenate the terry chamomile by dividing the bushes.

Terry daisies are flowers that look fresh in bouquets, retaining their original appearance and pleasant aroma for a long time. Using the information from this article, even a novice gardener can get many beautiful and lush buds of this plant on his site.

Popular varieties of daisy

Garden daisies are represented by more than 70 varieties, among which such gorgeous types should be noted:

1. Nivyanik Grand Illusion. Competent planting and caring for this perennial will allow you to grow a branchy bush up to 1 m high. The inflorescences are large, 10-12 cm in diameter, white.

   

2. Crazy Daisy daisy variety. Bush up to 70 cm high with small, maximum 8 cm in diameter, baskets. But then they are terry, with thin petals.

   

3. Large-flowered daisy Giant. One of the largest daisies. Bush up to 80 cm high with strong stems and large baskets up to 12 cm in diameter.

   

4. Nivyanik variety is magnificent Broadway Lights. A short bush up to 50 cm tall with delicate yellow daisies.
5. Nivyanik is magnificent Fiona Goghill. The bush is 60 cm high, inflorescences are densely double, with a filled core. In this case, the petals become longer and longer closer to the edge of the basket.

Nivyanik in landscape design

The daisy looks beautiful in a group planting. The greenery covered with flowers resembles a pillow with a delicate white cap. Large flowers can stand cut for a long time - 8-11 days, so they are often used to compose compositions.

Nivyanik in combination with other flowers

On the flowerbed, the nivyanik goes well with cornflower, bells and delphinium. Low-growing species are used to decorate curbs, paths or alpine slides. An indispensable nivyanik for creating flower beds in the Russian style along with poppies and cornflowers. The plant also looks good in the rose garden. It refreshes the composition and enhances the beauty of the roses.

Nivyanik is ideal for creating a white flower bed. In addition to chamomile, lilies, delphiniums, chrysanthemums and other crops can be present on it.

Vegetative propagation of the daisy

Reproduction of the flower of the daisy is carried out in several ways: by seeds, dividing rhizomes, cuttings. Seeds can be sown in the ground in spring and autumn. The bushes are divided in spring or late summer and planted at a distance of 30-35 cm from each other.

With vegetative propagation of the daisy, the rhizome is divided into segments with rosettes of leaves. The best time for dividing and replanting is spring, when the leaves grow back, you can replant after the end of flowering (at the end of August). Garden chamomile grows quickly, therefore it requires frequent divisions: once every 3-4 years. If you grow it in one place for a long time, the bush grows along the periphery, and the middle gradually dies. The old bushes, divided into divisions, give larger flowers and powerful peduncles for the next year. To increase the flowering time, it is necessary to do constant pruning of the flower shoots of wilted flowers. Before winter, pruning of shoots is done to a rosette of leaves, which go green under the snow.

When growing a daisy for cutting in order to get large flowers, the bushes are divided every year at the end of August. This produces a powerful plant with very large chamomiles.

If you want to obtain pure varietal material, different varieties must be grown separately from each other so that there is no cross-pollination.

Diseases and pests

It is susceptible to attacks by aphids, ants, chrysanthemum miner, meadow thrips. For the prevention of plants, even before budding, they are sprayed with any insecticide, or folk remedies are used - spraying with a solution of wood ash or laundry soap.

It is necessary to monitor the soil, not to overmoisten it - otherwise diseases such as root rot, fusarium, spotting, bacterial cancer, powdery mildew may develop. If the symptoms of these diseases appear: gray bloom, brown spots on the leaves and stem, it is necessary to treat the plant with Bordeaux liquid 1 time in 10 days. If it is completely affected, you need to isolate it from healthy flowers and burn it.

Nivyanik has a large number of species and varieties. This is not only the uncomplicated "chamomile" we are accustomed to, but also complex terry forms, similar to beautiful chrysanthemums. Groups of different varieties of this plant look great on an open lawn. Combine with bells, poppies, delphinium, cornflowers. They are excellent in cut - keep freshness for up to 10 days.

Tags: perennial

Description and features of the nivyanik

The flower does not have a grayish pubescence, like chrysanthemums. Deprived of their characteristic odor. Distinctive features of the nivyanik:

• height up to 0.6 m;
• superficial rhizome;
• upright trunk with edges;
• basal and stem leaves on elongated petioles;
• bladed or toothed plates;
• inflorescences in the form of a hemisphere, combined into shields;
• tubular lemon buds are collected in baskets in the center;
• flowers are developed, falsely ligulate, snow-white along the edge.

Nivyanik blooms 2 times a year: in May and August. In September, with the onset of frost, the buds wither.

Small-flowered varieties are less susceptible to lack of bright light. For intensive growth, loose, neutral or alkaline soil is required: sandy loam or loam. Differences between daisy and wild chamomile:

• large buds;
• solid plates in many varieties;
• long, straight stem without branching;
• there is only one flower on 1 shoot.

Despite the fact that the daisy is popularly called the garden chamomile, the plants are only distant relatives.

Planting and leaving

Fiona Coghill, like most of its "congeners", propagates by seeds, cuttings and rhizome division. It is better to combine the latter with weeding the curtain and transplanting the cornflower to a new place. This operation is carried out once every 4-5 years, in order to prevent the degeneration of varietal characteristics and preserve the general decorativeness of the planting.

Sowing with seeds in open ground is carried out either in the spring or in the fall.But in any case, the first flowering will occur only in the second year. In addition, the daisy can also be grown through seedlings, for this at the end of February, beginning of March, the seeds are sown in containers and in May the sprouts are transferred to a prepared place. With the seedling method, in some cases, flowering can begin as early as the first year.

When preparing a site for planting, one should take into account the love of garden chamomile for sunlight. Therefore, when choosing a site, it is necessary to provide for a sunny place that will be located a little on a hill - the daisy does not react well to flooding and stagnant moisture. In the shade and constant dampness, Fiona Goghill will definitely get sick and quickly die.

Unlike the Common Nivyannik, most of the "Magnificent" varieties still require some maintenance. And although Fiona is a picky plant, and it may well grow without outside participation, nevertheless, the beauty of the inflorescences and the duration of flowering will directly depend on the amount of effort spent on it.

The main points when caring for Fiona Goghill, which must be done regularly: regular watering, weeding, feeding and removing faded inflorescences. Watering must be very selective. On hot and sunny days it is worth "watering" the nivyanik twice a day: in the morning and in the evening. On cloudy, cool and rainy days - once a week, or even two. It is better to alternate fertilizing: organic - mineral, and so on. The last one - to carry out after Fiona has faded.

In order for the flowering to be regular and long-lasting, it is necessary to cut off the buds immediately after their petals begin to fall. In the fall, after the onset of the first frost, the daisy is cut almost to the basal leaves, leaving the stem to rise 10-15 centimeters from the ground level, and covered with spruce branches or fallen leaves on top. Thus, preparing the plants for wintering, which, by the way, Fiona Coghill tolerates very well. Frost resistance of this variety is up to -29 ° C.

All articles about the Nivyanik on the site can be read by following this link: NIVYANIK

Fiona Goghill is excellent in the cut. With a regular change of water, the flowers will delight with their appearance for about two weeks.

Terry chamomile is a simple but effective plant in any flower bed. Among them there are about 180 varieties. Therefore, in order to understand which of the perennial terry daisies to choose, you need to consider this plant in more detail.

Nivyanik propagation by dividing the root

Reproduction by dividing the rhizome is the most common method of cloning the daisy, preserving all the parental characteristics. The division is carried out in the spring before flowering or in the fall after flowering, before frost, if possible combining reproduction with seating. They are waiting for flowering next year, regardless of when, in spring or autumn, breeding was carried out.

The daisy is planted every 3-4 years. This is done not only to maintain decorativeness and reproduction: during this time, chamomile grows, denser planting, and the risk of developing bacteriological diseases increases. Digging can be done with a bayonet shovel. This should be done carefully, trying not to damage the roots.

The excavated plants are separated from each other with a sharp knife, into parts that are identified as transplanted and into parts that are completely removed. The transplant is carried out together with a lump of earth; it is not necessary to separate it from the roots.

The process of planting seedlings in open ground

Holes for seedlings are dug to the depth and width of a shovel bayonet, at a distance of 30-60 cm from each other. Then, about 1/3 of the depth, they are covered with humus or compost and watered abundantly.

Faded and wilting leaves are removed from the plant parts specified for planting. Then the seedlings are placed in the holes, they are added with earth along the root collar and the soil around the stems is compacted.

The planted plants are fed with organic fertilizers and watered with settled water. After the top layer of soil dries up, it is mulched.

Plant care

In the open field, the nivyanik behaves unpretentious. However, to get abundant flowering decorative thickets, you will have to make some effort. A place for a flower garden is selected in the open sun or in slight shade. In low light, the number of flowers is greatly reduced, and the stems of tall varieties are curved.

The soil for planting should be fertile and light, but not dry. On sandy and clayey soils, the daisy grows poorly. He also does not tolerate too acidic soil. Chernozems or loams with a neutral or slightly acidic reaction are suitable. Before planting, the earth is dug up, compost, peat and humus are introduced.

Nivyanik needs regular watering, but without stagnant water. During the drought period, the leaves wither very quickly, therefore, up to a bucket of water is poured under each bush. To prevent the soil from drying out too quickly, the surface is mulched with sawdust, wood chips or pine needles. Periodically it is necessary to weed the ground near the flower garden. This not only improves air access to the roots, but also gets rid of weeds.

Twice a month, the daisy is fed, alternating between mineral and organic complexes. You can use nitrophosphate, mullein solution, or other complexes for flowering plants.

As the inflorescences wilt, if there is no need for seeds, they are cut off. This stimulates re-flowering and prevents the plant from losing vigor. In autumn, after flowering is complete, the stems are shortened and only the root foliage is left. For the winter, plantings are mulched with peat. Additionally, they are covered with fallen leaves and spruce branches to a height of 15 cm. In early spring, the shelter is removed so that the plants are not looked at.

Dampness can suffer from fungal diseases (fusarium, rot, rust, leaf spot, downy mildew). Sometimes it is affected by bacterial cancer. Spraying with ashes and spraying with "Bordeaux mixture" helps against diseases. Parasites rarely bother plants. Only from time to time can you see thrips or chrysanthemum miners on them.