Tinder fungus sulfur yellow medicinal properties. What is the use of tinder fungus

Characteristics of the fungus tinder fungus

The structure of the fruiting body in polypores is unusual. Moreover, it is resistant to water, high and low temperatures. Thin threads, hyphae, which intertwine with each other, form the body of the fungus. The mycelium is deep in the trunk of the tree. Hyphae penetrate under the bark of a tree, thanks to the release of special enzymes that dissolve the cell membranes.

Fruit bodies are distinguished by shape: sessile (attached to the substrate on one side, sometimes have a lateral leg); spread out (like a plate or a cake that has grown tightly to a tree, and their color and surface are similar to the bark of a tree); hats

Medicinal and useful properties of tinder fungus

A significant amount of bioactive substances has been found in the tinder family. The following elements occupy the leading place among them:

• amino acids;
• glycosides;
• steroids;
• lecithin LSL;
• polysaccharides;
• phenols;
• phytoncides;
• pigments;
• cellulose;
• mineral compounds (manganese, magnesium, potassium, iron, sodium, zinc, aluminum, cobalt, copper, nickel, silicon, silver);
• organic acids (acetic, oxalic, formic, butyric and others).

The watery extract of fresh fruit bodies is characterized by pronounced antimicrobial and antiviral effects. Mycelium extract suppresses the malaria plasmodium and is considered resistant to Staphylococcus aureus methicillin, and in addition is toxic to Escherichia coli, one of the main causative agents of urinary tract inflammation in fibrosis. And recent experiments have confirmed the fact that the elements that make up this fungus reduce the risk of catching the HIV virus.

Among other medicinal properties, it is possible to emphasize a decrease in blood sugar levels and a noticeable benefit in endocrine diseases due to the content of eburicoic acid. Some sources claim that this mushroom is used as a weakly poisonous and even hallucinogenic, since it has a laxative effect.

Overuse of tinder fungus can cause swelling of the lips, nausea, vomiting and dizziness.

Regarding the medicinal properties of the mushroom, the risk of allergic reactions when ingested is not excluded. Usually, such information refers to specimens collected from coniferous trees, therefore, in order to exclude cases of poisoning and negative consequences, only those tinder fungi that grow on deciduous trees should be looked for.

When tinder fungus appear

The period of intensive growth of tinder fungus falls on July-October. The maximum amount of nutrients accumulates in the mushroom by the end of autumn, when it is recommended to collect tinder fungus. This mushroom is not harvested from dry trees, near the ground. The higher the tinder fungus grows, the better. The mushroom is cut with a sharp knife or ax. If the fruit body crumbles and crumbles, then it is not suitable for harvesting.

Parasitism on trees

The tinder fungus is most commonly found in deciduous forests. It has a connection with trees such as birch, mountain ash, maple, alder, elm and ash.Aging, disease and damage to the tree are most often contributing to the appearance of the fungus. The fungus lives both on dead trees and on living ones.

Polypore and birch are typical examples of parasitic relationships in the plant kingdom. The mushroom receives from such a relationship organic substances, water and minerals, and the white-haired beauty - nothing but harm. There are frequent cases when a tree dies as a result of the action of a parasite.

It all starts with the penetration of spores into the bark through cracks and various damages. The spores germinate in the bark and release mushroom filaments - hyphae, which cause rot in the middle of the tree. After rooting, the birch tinder fungus begins to develop outside the plant. He grows an impressive fruiting body, reaching in some cases 50 cm in length and 40 cm in width. At this stage of development, chaga does not form a spore in the middle of the fruiting body. In the middle of the mushroom there are only hard mushroom filaments. The action of the parasite and strong winds causes the trunk to break.

Since the death of birch, the second stage of development of the birch tinder fungus begins - reproduction. Under the bark of a dying plant, a new fruit body develops, the thickness of which is only 3 cm, and the length is up to 1-2 m! This neoplasm has many controversies. After peeling off the bark, the spores get out and are carried with the wind in search of a new victim.

Despite the parasitic nature of the tinder fungus, it is considered the orderly of the forest. It cleans an area of ​​old and diseased trees and gives room for young plants. In addition, the tree quickly decays and turns into fertilizer.

On the tree

Edible tinder fungus

A common edible species is the sulfur-yellow tinder fungus. This mushroom is edible only when young, boiled for 30-45 minutes or fried. The sulfur-yellow tinder fungus has a pleasant mushroom smell and sour taste. It is also used in salads, salted and pickled. Mushroom stuffing based on this type is used as a filling for pies, egg casseroles. In addition, this mushroom keeps well frozen for a long time.

In Germany and North America, sulfur-yellow tinder fungus dishes are delicious. In these regions, the mushroom is known as "wood chicken" or "mushroom chicken". As a substitute for chicken meat, it is used in vegetarian cuisine.

How to use a slimming tinder

These mushrooms are even used as a weight loss aid. For this, it is recommended to use a varnished tinder fungus. So, you need 1 tsp. pour 100 ml of boiling water over mushroom powder and drink after cooling.

It will be useful for novice mushroom pickers to find out which mushrooms grow in January, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December.

This manipulation is done 3 times a day to obtain the desired slimming effect. Taking the broth for 2 months can cure obesity.

Types of tinder fungus

Scaly polypore (Polýporus squamósus)

Edible species, only young mushrooms are used for food.

The fruiting body is annual, located low above the ground on tree trunks. The cap is fleshy, about 30 cm in diameter, kidney-shaped in a young mushroom, later becomes prostrate. The edge is thin, bent down. The pulp is soft, the old mushroom is hard, crumbles, the smell is mealy, pleasant. The hat is colored light yellow or grayish. The surface is scaly. Leg up to 10 cm high, up to 4 cm in diameter, dense, whitish above, brown-black below.

The species is found in the United States and Europe. The fungus appears in the spring.

Sulfur-yellow polypore (Laetíporus sulphureus)

Edible mushroom.

The fruiting body is annual, located low above the ground on tree trunks or on stumps. The young mushroom looks like a tear-shaped yellowish fleshy mass ranging from bright yellow to orange in color. Gradually, it hardens, acquires a characteristic "ear" shape, which consists of pseudo-caps, the size of which is 10-40 cm. The thickness reaches 7 cm. The weight of the mushroom reaches 10 kg or more.The edge of the fruit bodies is wavy. The surface is covered with a creamy yellow fluff. The pulp is soft, juicy, brittle, white, the taste is sour, the smell in young mushrooms is lemon, in old ones it is unpleasant, mousey.

This parasitic fungus grows on poplars, oaks, willows, lindens, birches, cedars, pines, maples, nuts, chestnuts, fruit trees, and larch trees. Causes reddish brown stem rot and destroys wood. The fungus is found from late May to September.

Umbrella polypore (Polýporus umbellátus)

Edible mushroom.

The fruiting body consists of small light gray or gray rounded caps, which are arranged like shingles. The bases of the legs are connected. The pulp is firm, white or creamy.

Tuberous polypore (Polyporus tuberaster)

Edible mushroom.

The cap is light, flat, the center is depressed, the edge is hard, the surface is scaly, brown. The stem is brown, central. The pulp is whitish, tough.

Poisonous and inedible species of tinder fungus

True polypore (Fomes fomentarius)

Inedible mushroom.

The fruit body is perennial, sessile, in a young fungus it is rounded, later acquires a hoof-like shape. Only the upper central part is attached to the tree trunk. No legs. The cap is large, about 40 cm wide and up to 20 cm high. The surface is matt, wavy, from light gray to dark gray. The pulp is firm, soft. Velvety cut. The color of the flesh is brown or reddish brown.

The fungus causes white rot. Found in Russia and Europe on deciduous trees (birch, aspen, alder, oak, beech).

False polypore (Phellinus igniarius)

Inedible mushroom.

The fruit body is perennial, sessile, in a young mushroom it is rounded, later hoof-like. It is very firmly attached to the tree trunk, which differs from the present tinder fungus. The hat is 20-26 cm in diameter. The surface is matte, uneven, from dark gray to almost black. No legs. The pulp is firm, woody, reddish-brown in color.

A parasitic fungus that causes yellowish-white rot. Found in Russia and Europe, on living and dead trees, stumps, dead.

Birch polypore (Piptoporus betulinus)

Inedible mushroom.

The fruiting body is annual, without a stem, 10-20 cm wide, 2-6 cm high, spherical in young mushrooms, later horseshoe-shaped, gray-brown, with a thick edge. The pulp is white, the smell is strong, mushroom, the taste is bitter.

Grows singly or in groups, on the trunks of dead birches, rarely on living ones. Causes yellowish brown or reddish brown rot. Widespread in Western Siberia.

It contains polyporenic acid, which has an anti-inflammatory effect, equal in strength to cortisone.

Lacquered polypore or lacquered ganoderma (Ganoderma lucidum)

Inedible mushroom. In China and Korea it is known as "ling-chji" (mushroom or herb of immortality), in Japan it is called "reishi" (mushroom of spiritual strength) and "mannentake" (ten thousand-year-old mushroom).

The fruiting body is annual, with a cap-pectoralis. The cap is reniform or ovoid. The surface is smooth, shiny, wavy. The pulp is dense, woody, ocher, odor and taste are not expressed. The leg is 5-25 cm high, 1-3 cm thick, lateral, cylindrical in shape.

A parasitic fungus that destroys wood, as it causes white rot. Distributed in all countries of the world, grows on dead wood of deciduous trees, on stumps. The growing season lasts from July to late fall.

Bordered polypore (Fomitopsis pinicola)

Inedible mushroom.

The fruiting body is perennial, sessile. In a young fungus, it is rounded or semicircular, later cushion-shaped or hoof-shaped. No legs. In wet weather, large transparent droplets appear on the surface. The cap is 15-30 cm wide and about 10 cm high. Concentric zones of different colors are clearly visible on it. Older patches are gray-gray or dark gray-brown. The outside is red, orange or yellow-orange. The surface is matt, uneven.The pulp is dense, elastic, sometimes woody, yellowish-beige or light brown in color, in mature mushrooms it is dark brown.

The fungus causes brown rot. It grows in the temperate climatic zone of Russia and Europe, on stumps, deciduous and coniferous trees.

Chestnut tinder fungus (Polyporus badius)

Inedible mushroom.

The cap of young mushrooms is smooth, shiny, gray-brown in color, in mature mushrooms it is dark chestnut, the edge is sinuous, orange-red. The surface is porous and becomes oily in wet weather. The leg is short, gray-brown or black. The pulp is tough, yellowish-whitish in color.

Winter polypore (Polyporus brumalis)

Inedible mushroom.

The hat is gray-brown in color, rounded, with a depressed center, the edge is tucked up, fringed. The leg is velvety, brown in color, the base is thickened. The flesh is white, tough.

Polyporus varius

Inedible mushroom.

The cap is smooth, golden yellow or light brown in color, the edge is fibrous, lobed. The stem is eccentric, light brown, darkens with age. The pulp is tough, from white to dark brown, the smell of mushroom.

Polypore, or Pheolus Schweinitzii (Phaeolus schweinitzii)

Inedible mushroom.

The diameter of the cap is 10-30 cm, in young mushrooms it is yellow, later rusty brown or dark brown, the edge is yellow, the shape is flat. The pulp is yellow-brown or rusty-brown, the taste and smell are not expressed.

Variety of types and forms

The classification of polypores is based on the order of the basidia. Based on this, mushrooms are divided into hymenomycetes and gasteromycetes. There are several tinder families:

• porium,
• coniophoric,
• polyporous,
• telephonic.

Tinder fungus is a perennial mushroom, but annual representatives can also be found. Annual species grow mainly from June to September. At the end of summer, they begin to deteriorate, turning into insect food. Perennial species do not form a fruiting body immediately. This process takes several months, if not years.

You can calculate the age of the fungus by the growth rings, which grow and form a densely intergrown body.

Tinder fungus has impressive dimensions - from 20 cm to 1 m. Weight - from 1 kg to 20 kg. The mushroom can have a wide variety of colors: gray, brown, orange, black, red, yellow, etc.

The surface of the mushroom is very similar to the bark. It can be smooth, velvety and even hairy.

The species diversity of mushrooms is huge. The most popular among them:

• sheep,
• smoky,
• merging,
• scorched
• bordered,
• varnished,
• birch,
• chestnut,
• winter,
• oak,
• odorous,
• vase-like,
• scaly,
• multicolored.

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Growing tinder fungus at home

Polypores are grown on a substrate that consists of a mixture of sawdust, shavings, bark of small branches. Such a substrate is poured with boiling water, left to cool to room temperature, after which it is squeezed out, mixed with the mycelium of the fungus and placed in plastic bags. The bags are cut and left in a room with 80% humidity, natural light and an air temperature of + 20 ° C. The first harvest appears after 30-40 days.

Also, hemp and wooden blocks serve as a substrate for growing tinder fungus. It is pre-soaked in water. After that, cuts are made with a saw or a drill, into which the mycelium is laid. Bars with mycelium are left in a shady place, sprinkled with leaves. During the dry season, they are watered. The crop appears 4 months after planting.

Traditional medicine recipes

To create healing potions, the following medicinal types of tinder fungus are used: real, varnished, birch, larch. These mushrooms are used as an adjuvant for the prevention and treatment of functional disorders.

Express blood purifier

Grind the dried fruit bodies of the mushroom into powder. Reception scheme: 1-2 days - 5 g of raw materials every 2.5 hours with 100 ml of pure water (10 minutes before a meal).From the 3rd day, they switch to a three-time regime of powder consumption (observing the indicated dosage). The course of treatment is 1-2 months. The remedy is effective for poisoning, allergies, infectious pathologies and liver diseases.

Composition for stimulating weight loss and sputum discharge

Pour 15 g of chopped tinder fungus with 200 ml of hot water. Place the container with the mixture in a water bath for 30 minutes. After that, insist the composition in a warm place for at least 4 hours. The finished product is taken four times a day, 15 minutes before meals. In addition to stimulating weight loss, the drug is used to improve sputum discharge in case of pneumonia, bronchitis, pleurisy, and tuberculosis.

External remedy for skin lesions

Pour 30 g of mushroom powder with 150 ml of vodka. Insist the mixture in a dark place for 14 days. Strain the finished product through cheesecloth, and then use it to irrigate damaged skin (ulcers, cuts, scratches). In case of suppuration of the dermis, before using the infusion, the wound should be washed with a solution of furacilin (1: 5000) or hydrogen peroxide (3%).

A drug for hepatitis

Soak the dried tinder fungus in cold water (3-4 hours), and then mince it. After that, combine the crushed raw materials (200 g) with warm boiled liquid (1 l). Insist the medicinal mixture for at least 2 days in a dark place. Then strain the solution through a sieve and mix with water in which the mushroom was soaked. The composition is taken 150 ml three times a day (before meals).

Multifunctional mushroom tincture. Combine 50 g of crushed tinder fungus and 500 ml of natural wine (preferably Cahors wine). Insist a sealed container with raw materials for 14 days in a cool place. The infusion is consumed three times a day, 5-15 ml. The course of admission is 3-4 months.

The oil composition helps to get rid of allergic rhinitis, increased blood viscosity, excitability of the heart muscle. Along with this, the agent is used to suppress the tumor process (in the first stages).

Oil composition for atherosclerosis, hypertension, mental disorders

To create an infusion, you will need: 23 g of dried chopped mushrooms and 250 ml of natural olive fat. After mixing, the solution is kept in a dark place for 14-21 days. The oil composition is consumed twice a day, 5-15 ml (depending on the severity of the disease). The course of treatment is 3-4 months.

Antineoplastic tincture

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Mix 45 g of mushroom powder and 500 ml of vodka. Insist the solution in a dark place for 15 days. Do not filter. To suppress the tumor process, the composition is taken twice a day, 10 ml each (preferably half an hour before meals).

Remember, drugs based on polypores cannot be combined with pain relievers, anticoagulants, antihypertensive drugs, aspirin, antibiotics, amphetamines, or drugs that lower blood sugar. In addition, taking the mushroom should be stopped at least 2 weeks before surgery, including the procedure for removing teeth.