Clematis: care in the fall, feeding, pruning, shelter for the winter

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The state of the flowering creeper in the future spring-summer garden season depends on how the clematis care is properly organized in the fall. Pre-winter preparation covers a number of necessary measures to create comfortable conditions for the perennial plant during the cold season.

Clematis care rules in autumn

Botanical description

Clematis, or clematis (Latin Cl? Matis) is a long-term herbal or woody plant that grows in subtropical or temperate climatic regions. The culture is related to the type of lianas and contains opposite or pinnate leaves. The flowers are large, single or picked up in pleiochasia, unbelt in the spring or at the end of summer.

Flowers collide with garden clematis:

Simple;
Terry;
Semi-double.

The culture is considered very uncomplicated in agricultural technology. Grooming for him comes down to constant watering, fertilizing during the summer with nitrogen fertility and covering for the winter.

The abundance of types and the brightness of colors characterize their need for choosing vegetation for garden places. There are approximately three hundred species and 2000 types. The plant is widely used for the design of "green" walls, pavilion trellises, living fences. Clematis can organize a thick carpet on the surface of the soil.

Suitable timing for sheltering clematis for the winter

It is very important to choose the right period for clematis shelter.

In many ways, the period of shelter comes from weather conditions. You should not shelter the culture in advance. At temperatures far from 0 degrees and autumn prolonged downpours, the plant under cover can rebuke and rot. At the same time, there is no need to delay the process of sheltering. If cold weather reigns, it is very difficult to remove the culture from the support and not spoil it.

Suitable times for sheltering clematis in the Middle Lane are early November. The time frame for covering up significantly depends on the growing climate zone. Thus, in the Urals, flowers must be hidden in advance, because the cold weather in the area reigns many times earlier.

Clematis - care in the fall, preparation for winter

In order for the clematis plant to withstand the winter perfectly, you will need to take into account a couple of points that will help the plant survive this stage. Let us analyze in more detail each stage, which gardener is obliged to carry out in order to provide the correct care for clematis for the winter.

Soil and fertilizing

It is necessary to plant the plant so that the branching bunch is located at a depth of up to twelve cm. If the ground was perfectly fed on the eve of planting the vine, then the first fertilizer is applied three years later. In poor soil, you need to fertilize the plant in the autumn in the year of planting.

In early autumn, fertilizer or humus is applied under the bush, in addition to phosphorus-potassium dressing. For 1 mature flower, up to ten kg of organic matter is used. Mineralized elements can be provided as a composition or in granules. Top dressing can be applied to wet soil, so as not to burn the sources.

Fertility will help restore roots and increase the protective systems of clematis, supplement the reserve of caloric elements subsequently abundant flowering.On the eve of the cover, it will be beneficial to add wood ash under the base of the plant and compact it well together with the soil. For 1 individual of clematis, 0.5 kg of ash fertility will be needed.

Spraying and sheltering

In order to protect their vines from infection, fungus, caring for the plant in the fall, on the eve of wintering, involves processing with foundation. It is necessary to hide flowers in dry weather, providing the roots with access to the air. In areas with unusual temperature conditions, it is not necessary to additionally close the plantings, since they need ventilation.

Insulation materials

In the capacity where clematis grows, it is possible to add dried foliage, dried leaves or spruce branches. These products will be able to compact under a snowy cover, therefore, they do not need to be laid directly on the ground on the eve of winter. A safe reception for such heaters will be a box of any required volume.

Treatment against diseases and pests

Many summer residents, by error, believe that 1 spring protective treatment against diseases and parasites is enough for clematis. but despite the fact that the plant remains without foliage under cover, the culture has the opportunity to contract fungal diseases due to high humidity.

In addition, fungal spores and parasite larvae often overwinter in the upper covers of the earth, and in the spring they crawl out and attack the young processes. In this regard, it is safer not to despise the autumn sprinkling of the bush and the processing of the earth. This will not take a lot of time, but it will help preserve the health of the culture. Proven and effective medicines for cultivation are:

1% Bordeaux liquid;
3% solution of ferrous sulfate;
drug Fundazol.

Finishing is carried out after trimming the plant's lash and lean waste is picked up under the bush. The rest of the finishing substance is poured into the trunk circle in order to cultivate the ground. Spraying should be done in dry weather.

Actions after trimming

Flowering is a crucial period that takes a lot of energy from plants. In order for the flower to have a good rest and be ready for a new lush flowering, it is important to properly prepare it for the winter period after the autumn formation.

For novice clematis growers, shaping is the first step towards a long winter. Then, diseased and weak shoots are removed, which can cause illness of the entire bush.

There are 2 types of shelter for the winter.

In the first case, in preparation for winter, the shoots are laid on the ground. It is better to place cut branches of vines under them or put spruce branches. If the vines are too long, they are twisted into a ring and sprinkled with humus or earth on top.

There is another option for shelter. All shoots are stacked next to each other. From above they are covered with cut branches of other trees from the garden. All this is covered by lutrasil. To prevent the material from being blown off by the wind, it is pressed down along the edges with something heavy: stones or sticks.

Pruning clematis in the fall

On a personal level, pruning is usually cleansing, rejuvenating and shaping. In autumn, the plant is supposed to combine these types of pruning. It is necessary to perform the procedure 14 days before the onset of a severe cold. At the end of this, the vine must resume before the start of the covering events.

For plants of the 1st year of life, regardless of the species, there are basic pruning standards: the shoots are cut at a height of twenty to thirty centimeters, keeping at least three buds on each. Such a segment will make it possible for a young bush to release an abundance of side offspring in the spring and develop a lush crown.

Ripe clematis are pruned based on the species to which they belong.In total, it is possible to provide three categories of vines, the flowering of which occurs on offspring of various ages:

In species blooming on last year's growths, only painful and damaged processes are completely removed, and the remaining lashes are reduced to 1.5-meter length. Such famous species as Cardinal Rouge, Hegley Hybrid, Biryuzinka are related to this group.
Various clematis bloom twice in 1 season. In the 1st wave, flowers unfold on the offspring of the previous year, and then bloom begins on the young offspring. There is a special pruning technique for them: the shoots are cut off after 1, keeping the tall branches 1.2 m long and short fibers with 2-3 buds. Using this method, the flowering bush will look attractive and neat, creating pleiochasia approximately on a par. This group includes the following species: Minister, Ball of Flowers, Fair Rosamund, Dawn and others.
There are also varietal types that bloom only on the offspring of the passing year. They are pruned at a height of 20-30 cm or absolutely close to the soil, keeping only two buds. It is possible not to worry too much about the wintering of such clematis, they have enough hilling. Among the demanded plantings of this category: Vititsella, Integrifolia, Zhakmana.

If you do not know what species your clematis belongs to, it should be left with shoots for the winter. In the springtime, the vine will show itself. According to the fact that the whips have become dried up or have remained viable, it will be possible to establish the type of vine. Regardless of what type of pruning your plant needs, you need to remove absolutely all dried leaves and dried shoots from it. Upon completion of the cleaning of the bush, it is advisable to burn the natural parts that were removed.

Second trimming group (low trimming)

Clematis of the second pruning group bloom on the shoots of last year in late spring and again on the shoots of the flowering year from mid-summer to autumn. This pruning group includes varieties and species from the Florida, Lanuginosa and Patens groups. They require two-step pruning.

In the summer, immediately after flowering, the generative part of the last year's shoot is cut off. This is necessary so that the plant has time to form strong shoots of the current year with a large number of generative buds and bloom profusely in summer. If the bush is dense, the shoots of the last year are cut out entirely.

The second pruning is carried out before sheltering for the winter. If you want to get early flowering next year, you need to remove the generative part of the current year's shoot from clematis. If you want to get abundant summer bloom, the shoots of the previous year are pruned to the first true leaf. Excess, weak and damaged shoots are removed completely.

How to properly insulate clematis in the fall

Warming plants involves displacing them from the trellis. In order to make it easy to do in the fall, do not twist the lashes around the bars, but tie the vine to the support with a cord, it is recommended to do this on one side. At the end of the season, simply remove the ropes and leaves that are holding back the bush on the trellis. At the end of this, he is released and prepared for cover.

Pull the plant off the support and insulate it only in dry, good weather. Raw bushes have every chance of being rebuked under cover.

For a successful wintering, it is very important to protect the root neck of the vine. Make sure that it cannot freeze into the ice, and then rot in the water with the arrival of warm weather. The main part of the roots of the culture is hidden deep in the ground, where the cold is not terrible for them, and the root collar is a weak point. If it freezes or becomes inflamed, the whole plant will die.

Subject the treatment of the neck on the eve of wintering in protective techniques with a Bordeaux mixture or 1% copper sulfate substance. Alternatively, use loose humus or soil mixed with peat. Fill the clematis tillering space with them.Do it only on dry ground!

Transplant of clematis: when is the best time to carry out the procedure

Many gardeners are concerned about the question: when can you transplant clematis to another place. It is advisable to do this in late August or early September, as well as in spring - late April or early May. Transplanting clematis in the fall should be carried out before the onset of frost, otherwise the seedling may not take root and die.

Transplanting clematis to another place is usually necessary if the main place was chosen incorrectly for the plant. It is also worth replanting the bush in case of aging. If the procedure is needed due to a disease, spill the new planting site with Trichophlor solution (5 g per bucket of water), and after planting, mulch the soil with wood ash.

If the time for transplanting clematis is chosen in the fall, you should first cut the vine, which you will read about below. Dig in the bush for 1-2 bayonets of a shovel and remove it together with an earthen lump. Shake off the soil from the roots and divide them into divisions of 4-6 stems using a garden saw or hatchet. Too long roots can be pruned with pruning shears. Make sure that the roots do not dry out during the transplant process. And immediately after transplanting, pour clematis with water.

How to cover clematis for the winter

Hiding the bushes for the winter period of the year, it is necessary to provide protection not only from frost, but also from moisture. Under no circumstances should the vines overheat or the formation of a greenhouse effect be allowed. The cover must be strong, but at the same time guarantee excellent air movement. Professional florists use three main methods.

With the help of lutrasil

The first way to cover clematis:

first of all, attention must be paid to ensure that the culture is not damaged by the spring thaws and large precipitation. To do this, the root area needs to be covered with humus or simple soil;
it is recommended to lay the rod not on bare soil, but on a “pillow”, which can be made from planks, pruschis, leaves, or cut off offspring of clematis used;

Experienced gardeners advise using needles as a pillow, it will protect not only from freezing, but also from small rodents, which its piercing needles will definitely not fall in love with. But with the arrival of spring, the needles are directly harvested in order to avoid acidification of the earth.

pre-organized shoots are wrapped in lutrastil and placed on a “pillow”, after which clematis is thrown with spruce branches, branches or leaves;
at the final stage, the entire system is covered with pieces of slate.

Using film

This practical method does not differ from the previous one. Clematis is rolled in the same way, but already naked processes are poured onto the “pillow”. They are covered with spruce branches, and a protective layer of film is built on top. There are a couple of things to keep in mind when running such processes:

the film does not allow air to pass through, in this regard, it is necessary to maintain ventilation holes;
on bright sunny days, the film has the ability to warm up, and at night the temperature will begin to drop. Such sudden changes have a detrimental effect on the vine. In order to avoid a similar situation, the covering layer is shaded in advance, for example, by painting it with snow-white paint.

Wintering in a special box

The use of a box made of boards or other building materials will greatly simplify the winter period of clematis. Such a cover does not need to be organized every year, it can be carried out once, but used over the course of long years.

Another positive quality will be the ability to install the box before the onset of frost. In this embodiment, the tire is simply kept open, and in the required period it is covered.

Keep in mind that clematis asks for a simple but bassy winter shelter, always with light layers. Do not use heavy earth for backfilling.Sand will not work for such moments either: by spring it will become heavy and will remain damp for a long time.

How and when to trim correctly?

It is believed that pruning clematis in groups is more relevant for specialists, and amateurs, and especially novice gardeners, need not delve into the intricacies and adhere to general rules. In the fall, the shortening of the shoots is the same, regardless of the group. For the winter, it is better to shorten the shoots so that one or two buds remain above the ground. This allows the root systems to wake up faster in the spring, and then bloom more actively.

It is customary to combine pruning with pinching; it can be carried out in the summer at the beginning of June. This procedure promotes better branching of plants. EIf clematis belongs to the first or second group, then it should be pinched so that 30 centimeters are kept from the ground to the selected mark. Further, when the lashes grow up, the height should be increased to 50 centimeters. Clematis from the third group are pinched for the first time at a height of fifteen centimeters, then at around 20-30 centimeters, and then at a height of half a meter.

The pruning itself is carried out using a conventional pruner or a sharpened knife. The cut should be done in such a way that at least 5 centimeters remain between it and the nearest kidney. It is important to make an oblique movement of the tool so that moisture does not remain in the resulting place, which can provoke the appearance of rot.

In addition, we must not forget about the disinfection of the point, especially if one plant is processed after another.

As a rule, a healthy and properly developing clematis has 10 to 15 lashes. However, in some species, the number of shoots is significantly increased, and therefore they need to be thinned out in order to avoid thickening. It is better to do this after clematis has flowered. All plants also require sanitization, which can be done regardless of the season. Broken or diseased branches are removed immediately.

By the appearance of clematis, it is almost impossible to determine which group it belongs to. In most cases, the only way to find out is to check with the seller or read the label. However, experts believe that the double petals of the buds are characteristic only for the second pruning group. Small-flowered clematis in most cases belongs to the first group. If in doubt, it makes sense to carry out a combined pruning and empirically determine which group clematis still belongs to.

Spring pruning is carried out at the beginning of the season, as it is necessary to be in time before the buds awaken and the juice begins to move. At the same time, sanitary and thinning treatment should be carried out. Many gardeners prefer the spring procedure, as this gives a clearer understanding of how much the plant should be shortened, which buds have already woken up, and which ones are frozen in winter and must be removed. Upon completion of the procedure, clematis is immediately attached to the existing support. Autumn pruning takes place anywhere from mid-October to late November.

The choice of the date should be done in such a way as to have time to complete everything before the onset of frost. Despite the fact that not all groups of clematis are required for wintering, it can be carried out in any case, but with the aim of thinning the branches and implementing sanitary prevention.