What is the danger
A small white fly in the garden is a representative of the whitefly. These are very miniature individuals up to 2 mm. The body is greenish, and there is a light white bloom on the wings. They live on the back of the foliage, where they lay their eggs. Whitefly larvae are tightly attached to the leaf surface using a special sticky enzyme.
Important!
The garden pest feeds on plant sap. But the main danger to plantings is precisely the feces of the whitefly. They contain spores of sooty fungi. The foliage is first covered with a sticky white bloom, then this place turns black.
Signs of whitefly infestation of tomatoes:
- The appearance of whitish and black spots on the leaves.
- Glitter on the leaves.
- Foliage curling and wilting.
- The fruits do not ripen, white streaks can be seen in the pulp.
- When approaching the tomatoes, flocks of small moths take off from them.
If a black fly appears on tomatoes, then we are talking about an infection with aphids or leafhoppers. Pests can have small transparent wings or be wingless. The body is black. They also settle on the underside of leaves and feed on plant sap.
Aphids are dangerous at high rates of reproduction. Having destroyed one plant, she quickly moves to another. It affects not only tomatoes, but also many other crops.
When choosing a tool for processing a tomato, you should take into account the stage of its growth. Depending on this, store or folk remedies are chosen. During flowering, the use of chemicals is strictly prohibited, it can be dangerous to human health. Therefore, it is best to choose a proven folk remedy that you can use at any time and not fear for your own safety.
White or black flies on tomatoes
Chemical methods of struggle
One of the best drugs for the destruction of midges on tomatoes is "Fufanon". Before the summer season, it is better to stock up on this tool, which will certainly come in handy. When diluting the drug, proceed strictly according to the instructions.
Means "Fufanon" against a complex of pests
Do not neglect protective agents when processing plants. Mandatory must be:
- tight clothing with sleeves;
- headdress;
- mask.
It is not recommended to use chemicals in greenhouses; here you will have to use more gentle folk methods.
Chemistry for protecting tomatoes
This method can be called the most effective and fastest. But it has a huge disadvantage: danger to humans. Before using any product, it is important to carefully study the instructions for use, observe safety measures and strictly adhere to the recommendations for the dosage of the product.
Special preparations for processing:
- Pegasus. It belongs to the group of insectoaccaricides. It has a neuroparalytic effect. It has a low toxicity class and is practically safe for humans. The average cost is 120 rubles. The maximum number of treatments is 2. Can be used in combination with other preparations against tomato flies.
- Phosbecid. Available in 2 ml ampoules. Cost from 20 rubles per ml. Eliminates aphids and whiteflies, as well as other pests of tomatoes. The drug is of intestinal and systemic action.Not allowed to be mixed with other products of chemical origin.
- Mospilan. 100 g of powder costs from 170 rubles. Low toxicity, well combined with various pesticides. It is active even at high ambient temperatures.
- Fufanon. A liquid that is available in various dosages. 6.5 ml will cost 15 rubles. It dissolves quickly, does not pose a danger to plants.
- Confidor. Insecticide of contact-intestinal action. In addition to pest control, it has resuscitation effects on plants. Effective even in hot weather. It retains its properties on crops for a long time. Resistant to washing off. Price from 40 rubles for 1 g.
- Aktara. Highly effective product. Resistant to heat, precipitation. The active ingredient is thiomethoxam. Protects for 1 month after application. The low application rate allows for fewer treatments. 50 rubles per package.
If the black fly on tomatoes has multiplied strongly, then one treatment will not be enough. Many drugs work only on adults but cannot kill eggs.
Chemistry for processing tomatoes
Signs of infection
On tomatoes, white midges grow exclusively in the greenhouse, and it is quite easy to recognize infected plants. The leaves on them are yellow and twisted, the development of fruits is uneven, and their inner tissues become white.
Recommendation! And to make sure that you are really dealing with a whitefly, you just need to touch the affected bush - small midges will immediately rise into the air.
Insects, in the course of their life, secrete a transparent secret that can be found on the upper surface of the leaves. After a while, this plaque darkens and turns black. These are sooty mushrooms called niello. Gradually, black bloom spreads to the stem, fruits, which spoils their appearance, and adversely affects the quality of the crop. At the same time, the rabble is far from the only disease that midges' tomatoes can "reward" with. In addition to it, this pest also carries some viral diseases, including curly foliage, chlorosis and jaundice. As a result, the leaves are deformed, necrosis of the stem tissue and plant fruits develops, the growth of shoots is noticeably slowed down.
It is worth noting that it is the whitefly larvae that cause the greatest harm. And if only adults were found on tomato bushes, this means that serious damage to tomato plantings has not yet been done.
Important! However, even in such a situation, it is necessary to choose a drug that will prevent the active reproduction of pests and save the harvest!
Testimonials
For about a week I tried to get rid of the fly on tomatoes with folk remedies. I tried everything I knew and what my acquaintances suggested. There was no result. Then I bought Phosbecid, and by the evening after processing the flies it became noticeably smaller. I didn't even have to re-spray.
Ilya Yakovlevich, Syzran
Confidor has always helped to fight black and white flies on tomatoes. The main thing is to be able to process the crops correctly, so that the product will definitely fall on every leaf. This is difficult to do, but you have to be sophisticated. The result will not be long in coming.
Dmitry, Surgut
Preventive methods
You can fight pests for a long time, which can adversely affect the plant and the person, especially if you use chemicals. The most humane thing to do is to carry out preventive measures.
As mentioned above, whiteflies cannot stand the cold, so ventilate your greenhouses as often as possible, especially during winter. Monitor the condition of the metal structures of your greenhouse, process them; fight weeds and tops.Dig up the soil as often as possible, never store compost in the greenhouse, because it is a favorite habitat for white midges.
Folk remedies
If the growth stage or other circumstances do not allow the use of chemicals, then equally effective folk methods of getting rid of the fly on tomatoes should be applied. The main principle of action of folk remedies is to scare off flies with a smell.
Important!
Processing is best done in the morning, before the sun has had time to rise high. The tomato fly in the cool morning hours is very passive and the chances of quality processing increase.
Whitefly and black fly on tomatoes are afraid of herbal infusions. If you treat crops with them at least 2 times, the pest will retreat.
Popular infusions:
- Dandelion. Pour 8 liters of boiling water over a third of the whole plant with roots, leaves and flowers. Insist for a day and process the beds.
- Acetic. 100 ml of bite is enough for a bucket of water. Water the seedlings in the morning before sunrise.
- Tobacco. Soak 500 g of any tobacco in a bucket of water. Leave for 24 hours, after which the solution is ready for use.
- Celandine. To get rid of flies on tomatoes, 2 tbsp. l of a dry plant, pour a glass of water and boil for 5 minutes. Insist 12 hours, add 2 liters of water and spray the tomatoes. Celandine can be replaced with wormwood.
Liquid soap and vegetable oil will also help drive the flies off the tomatoes. To do this, mix 1 glass of vegetable oil, 2 glasses of water and 10 ml of liquid soap. Mix everything thoroughly and process the tomatoes.
If midges were noticed at an early stage of their development, then it is enough to spray the plants with soapy water. To prepare, dissolve a bar of laundry soap in a bucket of water. Repeat the procedure every other day.
Folk remedies for pest control
How to get rid of gnats on tomatoes in a greenhouse
Greenhouses for midges are a very comfortable place. It is always warm and rather humid here. Therefore, the process of their reproduction is noticeably accelerated, and the struggle becomes more complicated. To get rid of, you can use any of the above drugs or use a simple folk method.
In order for white flies to disappear in a greenhouse with tomatoes, you need to prepare the following infusion:
- Chop about 200 g of garlic and add to a bucket of water. Leave to infuse for 3 hours. Stir every hour.
- Add 50 g of dry mustard and 5 hot pepper pods.
- Mix everything and pour into a container with a spray bottle.
Process tomatoes in the morning and in the evening for 2-3 days until the flies disappear.
An infusion of onion peels helps a lot. The minimum amount of husk per bucket should be 300 g, but the larger and more concentrated the solution, the better. Pour the husk into a bucket of water and cook for 30-40 minutes. If the initial treatment is not satisfactory, repeat it in a week.
On a note!
A weak solution of potassium permanganate helps to escape from midges and slightly strengthen the tomatoes. They need to process seedlings in the morning or in the evening 2 times. Do not repeat the procedure every day. After the first treatment, take a break for 1-3 days.
Pest prevention
Prevention of the appearance of flies
Fighting flies can take a lot of time, during which insects have time to cause significant damage to the crop. Elementary rules of prevention will help to significantly reduce the likelihood of an attack by insects.
- Care should be taken to keep the areas clean. This rule will not only improve its aesthetic appearance, but also prevent pests from settling for the winter in the territory of the dacha or vegetable garden. To do this, you need to regularly pull out weeds and take them outside the site.
- Tomatoes and flies have different preferences for climatic conditions. Cultures love freedom and coolness, while insects, on the contrary, love warmth and humidity.Therefore, the tomatoes should be planted at least 40 cm apart. To prevent the fly from settling in the greenhouse, you should regularly ventilate it and prevent an increase in humidity.
- You can also prevent the appearance of small pests by planting special plants with a repelling smell. The midge will not approach the tomatoes if you plant calendula, garlic, parsley or dill nearby.
- The natural enemies of white and black flies should not be ignored either. Ladybugs, wasps, bees, hoverflies and lacewings will become reliable protection of the site from pests. To attract them, you can plant fragrant herbs on the site.
Thus, tomato pests pose a huge threat to the entire crop. It is recommended to display it immediately upon detection. If the populations of insects are not too large, you can try folk remedies, but if they do not work, you will have to treat the cultures with chemicals.
