Houseplants: Which Drainage Is Better, And What To Use For Drainage

Write in the blank boxes the words-answers. 1. Mix for planting indoor plants in pots. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (9 letters) 2. Type of plant care with water. _ _ _ _ _ (5 letters) 3. Moving the plant to new soil without preserving the earthy coma. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (9 letters) 4. Moving the plant to new soil while preserving the earthy coma. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (9 letters) Additionally (whoever does, I will mark the best answer!) 5. A device in a flower pot for draining water. _ _ _ _ _ _ (6 letters) Thanks in advance! (Pervaya1)

Answers:

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1. Soil or drainage mixture. 2. Watering. 3. Transshipment. 4. Transplant. 5. Drainage. 6.

Drainage is an important part of the normal "life" of plants, especially indoor plants. It has its own function, which is no less important than the sun, heat, watering, transplanting, feeding.

Thanks to the presence of drainage, the flower will be able to avoid some diseases that can be caused by improper care. Neglecting the drainage layer can lead to the death of domestic plants.

Benefits of using expanded clay for plants

Lightweight clay pellets are an excellent growing medium for almost all indoor flowers, as they guarantee optimal conditions for plant growth and health.

Large fractions are used in gardening, and medium (1–2 cm) and small (0.5–1 cm) in pot gardening. Due to its porous structure, expanded clay increases the hygroscopicity of the soil and perfectly saturates it with air, providing oxygen access to the roots of plants.

Expanded clay, strewn with a layer at the bottom of the pot, creates excellent drainage by regulating the amount of moisture in the substrate. After watering, the clay granules absorb and retain excess water, gradually releasing it after the soil dries.

However, it should be noted that, unlike vermiculite, this material absorbs water faster than it gives it to the ground, so take this property into account when watering moisture-loving indoor flowers rarely.

Clay has high thermal insulation properties. Small granules, laid out in a layer on the surface of the soil, perform the function of upper drainage and serve for thermal insulation, protecting the soil from overheating and rapid evaporation of moisture.

On sale you can see clay balls of different colors, which, in addition to being practical, have decorative qualities. They are often used in glass containers or as mulch. The material is often used for growing orchids.

Foam clay is a suitable material for creating vertical landscaping in your home. In mixtures with flower soil, it provides lightness of construction and an adequate supply of water and air for the plants.

Many tropical flowers require high humidity, and clay pellets can help deal with the problem. They are poured into shallow containers, poured with water and placed next to a flower, or the pot is placed directly on wet expanded clay.

Small fractions of the material are well suited for germinating seeds, accelerating the development of roots and stem growth of seedlings.

Clay pebbles are used not only for traditional plant cultivation - expanded clay is indispensable in hydroponics and terraponics, as it has the ability to optimize air and water permeability around the plant root system, does not rot and does not become moldy.

Terraponics is a method of growing plants in containers using controlled drainage and irrigation.

It is important to note that the material is durable: it does not decompose, does not acidify the soil, and is not exposed to microorganisms.It is completely safe, chemically inert to nutrient solutions and retains its properties for 3-4 years. Of no less importance is the cheapness of expanded clay and the possibility of reuse.

Healthy appearance, abundant flowering often depends on whether drainage is used for indoor plants. Flowers without a drainage layer grow poorly, get sick and die over time. Drainage yourself is not difficult. The materials of the day are often already in your home.

Drainage - misconceptions or how to apply (video)

Everyone, even the most inexperienced florist, knows that when planting a houseplant in a dish, it is imperative to do drainage. However, not everyone knows that the arrangement of a drainage layer in a bowl is not as simple as it seems at first glance. Why do houseplants need drainage, which drainage layer should be placed, and what materials should be used? Indeed, there are many questions. Let's try to figure it out and start from the very basics.

So, drainage for indoor plants is a system whose main function is to remove excess moisture. It includes both the flower pot itself, equipped with special holes in the bottom, and a special layer of water-permeable materials. In addition, soil with water and air permeability can also be attributed to the drainage system.

Why drainage is needed, perhaps, all lovers of room flora understand. Under natural conditions, rainwater freely passes through the soil, nourishing plants, but without stagnating. The surplus goes deep underground, forming groundwater. In addition, not only the aerial part of the plant (trunk, branches, leaves), but also the underground part (root system) should be supplied with air. And if in the natural environment there are no problems with this - oxygen and other necessary gases come to the roots with water and through the soil, then in conditions of home cultivation, respiration of the root system is difficult.

The dense materials from which modern flower pots are made are practically impermeable to air. And where there is no air flow, the water begins to stagnate and sour, putrefactive processes occur, pests multiply. All this ultimately leads to disease and death of the plant. That is why the correct drainage device is one of the most important stages in planting indoor flowers.

Is drainage really necessary? But what about those plants that grow in a humid environment (for example) or those that, on the contrary, do not need frequent watering (cacti and succulents)? It is safe to say that all indoor plants need drainage, however, the drainage system can be different. It depends both on the type of home flower and on the container in which it will be planted.

Drainage and its purpose

Many houseplants require a soil composition that will provide approximately 50% solids, 35% water, and 15% air. Only a properly laid drainage layer will help to recreate optimal conditions for growth and flowering.

The problem of lack of drainage is that excessive watering displaces air, which is vital for flowers. The lack of oxygen in the soil provokes the development of pathogenic bacteria. The root system begins to rot, and the plant withers. The drainage layer ensures the drainage of excess moisture and good breathability.

Drainage from expanded clay

Drainage for indoor flowers made of expanded clay material, for flowers grown at home - popular among amateurs. It easily absorbs excess liquid, after the soil dries out, it can give off excess moisture, quickly leaves the container, flows down round pebbles.

Expanded clay is very light and does not weigh down the flowerpot and will serve as a drainage for 5 years, when the flower is transplanted, the drainage is changed.

Expanded clay is used for mulching the soil surface, it will prevent the soil from drying out and crusting. Expanded clay can ensure the flow of liquid to the roots, prevent the formation of mold.

What can be used as drainage

For laying drainage, you can use materials such as gravel, expanded clay, crushed stone, broken brick, peat, charcoal, river sand, foam or any synthetics. An important quality of the drainage layer for indoor plants is good moisture permeability, inertness to chemicals, resistance to decay, mold.

The drainage has different fractions, which are selected depending on the flower.

Expanded clay for flowers

A material with a porous structure, expanded clay is a burnt clay. It is used in construction as an effective sound insulator and insulation. In floriculture, small- and medium-fraction expanded clay is used. The main advantages are lightness and the ability to absorb water. When the clod dries up, the material gives up moisture back to the soil.

Expanded clay is a chemically neutral material, odorless. It can be used multiple times. After about 6 years, it crumbles into the ground. For the drainage of large indoor plants, medium-fraction expanded clay (diameter 2 cm) is suitable. It is important that the size of the hole in the bottom of the pot is less than a fraction of the material. The optimum height of the drainage layer is 2 cm. If you use a container without holes, then the expanded clay layer should be 5 cm. Sand is sprinkled on top of it.

Expanded clay layer in a pot

Ceramic shards

Pieces of ceramics will serve as a good drainage material for indoor flowers. Place a few small shards or large pieces with the convex side up over the holes in the pot. Pour 1.5 cm of cleaned coarse sand into a small container on top, and 5 cm into a large one. The disadvantage of the material is the risk of damage to the roots by the sharp sides of the shards. Do not use too large pieces of ceramic, as sand will spill through them.

Ceramic shards

Perlite and vermiculite

Vermiculite material is produced by heating clay to high temperatures. As a result of heat treatment, minerals are pressed together, forming scales. In appearance, vermiculite resembles wood or cork shavings. It is lightweight, inert, does not harm indoor plants.

Perlite is an elastic silica of volcanic origin. It looks like white or gray granules. Both materials are capable of absorbing moisture with mineral and organic substances. They return water back to the soil as needed. The disadvantage of this type of drainage is its high cost.

Perlite and vermiculite

Sphagnum moss

Many growers use pure sphagnum moss as a drainage material. This natural drainage holds water well and releases it to dry soil. In addition, it has disinfectant properties. Moss grows on wet, waterlogged forest soils. It represents soft stalks of light green light, from which the same soft needle-like leaves grow to the sides.

Sphagnum moss is harvested in any season, but it is preferable to do this in the fall: this way it will better retain moisture during transportation. Before laying the drainage, the moss is poured with warm water (temperature is about 45 degrees). This procedure saturates the material with moisture and gets rid of possible insects.

Store moss in a refrigerator or freezer. The material is preliminarily placed in a plastic bag, but not tightly closed to allow air access.It is important to note that when defrosting, the moss does not lose its useful qualities. The only drawback of the material is its inaccessibility. He does not always appear in flower shops, and it is not always possible to get to the forest for him.

Sphagnum moss

Charcoal

Charcoal drains the soil well for indoor plants. It acts as a natural fertilizer and antiseptic. Charcoal prevents putrefactive processes, adsorbs salts, regulates soil moisture saturation. Charcoal drainage also absorbs and retains mineral water well.

Charcoal is a neutral, inert, lightweight and porous material. For drainage, it is laid out on the bottom of the planting tank with a two-centimeter layer. It is advisable to take large fractions or such that they do not pass through the holes of the pot.

Potted Charcoal Drainage

Crushed stone and gravel

Good drainage for flowers is obtained from medium-sized fractions of crushed stone and gravel. These materials are great for small pots of indoor plants that rarely transplant and move from place to place. The main disadvantage of crushed stone and gravel is their heavy weight.

How to properly arrange drainage?

In order to avoid blocking the holes, a flawless layer of stones should be laid on the bottom of the tank, thanks to which the liquid will flow out through the holes. Thick soil and roots can also clog drainage holes.

If the watering was abundant and the liquid is poorly removed, therefore, the holes are clogged.

If this happens during the next moistening, then it is necessary to start transplanting flowers into another tank with fresh soil mixture.

Material selection

As for which material is best used for drainage, then in this case it all depends on your imagination. In most cases, growers prefer expanded clay, crushed stone, polystyrene, pebbles, small bricks, gravel, and others. Basically, the drainage is laid with a height of 3 centimeters from the bottom of the flowerpot. For individual flowers, the pot is one-third full. Others belong to such plants.

When choosing a material for drainage, flower growers prefer expanded clay. It is sold in every flower shop. Expanded clay quite easily absorbs moisture, and after the soil dries up, it gives it back. The remains of excess water easily leave the pot, flowing down the spherical stones.

Expanded clay is quite a light material that does not burden the reservoir with a flower and can serve as a drain for about 4 years. When a transplant is performed, it is changed. Expanded clay pebbles can also be used for mulching the upper layer of the earth. It does not allow the formation of a crust, drying out of the earth. Expanded clay allows the passage of water to the roots and prevents the formation of moss and mold.

You can do the drainage yourself. Ceramic dishes or bricks are very similar in their qualities to expanded clay. They are all made from fired clay. Expanded clay is a good drainage material that is crushed into small pieces before use.

Gravel and crushed stone have good strength. Water seeps through them perfectly, and there is no destruction. The only drawback of such materials is that they are heavy and the earth is supercooled. Stones do not retain heat; therefore, flowers with similar drainage are best placed on southern windows.

Foam is also used for drainage. There is no mold and no rotting on it. The crushed foam does not absorb liquid, allowing it to flow easily to the drain holes. In addition, polystyrene protects indoor flowers from hypothermia. It is quite soft, therefore, young roots often go deeper into it. At the next transplant, they are simply eliminated. A layer of foam plastic 3 cm in size is laid on the bottom of the flowerpot, then an insignificant layer of sand and soil.Then you can plant indoor plants.

When transplanting and planting, it is imperative to apply drainage for indoor flowers. This will protect the flowers from excess moisture, supply the root system with oxygen.

In no case should you use eggs and nutshells for drainage. When moisture affects these materials, they can rot, mold, affect the acidity of the earth, which ultimately leads to various diseases in indoor plants. If you do not immediately react, then the flower is completely capable of perishing.

It is not yet allowed to use sand. When watering, it is filled with soil particles and simply clogs the drain holes, which leads to stagnation of moisture at the roots and their rotting. River pebbles can be used as long as you need to get rid of the sand.

Professionals advise against using granite and marble chips for drainage. This can be explained by the fact that the salts that are present in the composition of granite and marble act with water and acidify the soil very strongly.

Drainage includes not only excellent fluid-permeable material, but also the ability to decrease the flowing fluid. If water stagnates regularly in the stand, then drainage is simply not needed here. Why is it required to drain the excess liquid after the next moistening. If such a possibility is excluded, then the tank on the pallet must be placed on an elevation so that the lower part of the tank is in the air and not in water.

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To remove excess water from the soil when planting indoor plants, drainage is used. This is done so that the root system can breathe. Drainage is necessary for most indoor crops, with the rare exception of especially moisture-loving species.

If watering is too intense, air exchange is disrupted, harmful microorganisms appear in an airless environment, which has a very bad effect on the roots and growth of the entire plant. In such conditions, the plant withers quickly and may die. Therefore, special holes are made in the pots for the outflow of excess water, and a drainage layer is laid out on the bottom.

The presence of drainage helps create optimal conditions for the growth and development of indoor plants, they need it as much as proper lighting, watering or fertilization. The quality of drainage depends on the size, shape and material of the pot, as well as the number of drainage holes and their size. In ceramic pots, there is often only one large hole, which is enough, plastic ones are produced without holes at all, and you need to pierce the bottom yourself in the right amount.

Distinguish between fast and moderate drainage. For cacti, orchids, and succulents, a small multi-hole pot filled with substrate with coarse sand, crushed bricks, or others is a better choice to drain water quickly.

Plants that prefer moist soil are planted in a pot with fewer holes and a dense substrate.

Regardless of the size and number of drainage holes, care must be taken to ensure that they are not clogged with soil or root suckers. To prevent clogging, you can lay out large pebbles in a small layer on the bottom. If the holes are still clogged, this can be seen by the water content in the sump immediately after watering. If it is very little or not at all, the drain holes are clogged. You need to put the pot on its side and clean them with a stick. If the holes are regularly clogged, it is better to transplant the plant into another container to avoid root rot.

Some plant species have such a developed root system that it fills the entire space of the pot.In this case, the drainage layer may not be required at all, or it must be very thin. Through the drainage holes, the roots will be clearly visible, and you can easily trace their condition. Instead of drainage, you can use pebbles poured into the pot pan.

Why do we need drainage holes in a flower pot

In addition to properly sized drainage, it is important to find a good pot for planting. When buying a container, pay attention to whether it has drainage holes, what size they are and how they are located. If the holes are too small, then the moisture will drain off slowly, if large - quickly. If there are no holes at all, they can be done at home using a drill with a suitable drill diameter.

To provide the right soil moisture for certain indoor plants, you should choose a container with the correct holes:

Succulents, cacti and some types of orchids require a quick release of moisture. A small pot with porous soil and small holes will work for them.
For plants growing in high humidity, it is better to select containers with dense soil and a minimum of small holes.

Drainage holes in flower pots

Materials for making

As a standard, drainage is made from natural or similar materials:

Pebbles;
Crushed stone;
Brick.

A specially designed drain made from the following materials can be purchased from the flower shop:

Expanded clay;
Vermiculite;
Agroperlite.

They pass liquid well, protect, cleanse the earth from various harmful salts and toxins. To choose the right material, you need to take into account your imagination. For many vegetation, the container is less than half full, such plants include:

Saintpaulia;
Streptocarpus;
Anthurium.

Drainage for indoor flowers should be laid at a height of 3 cm. The listed types of drainage can be replaced with foam. It will qualitatively protect the soil from hypothermia.

How to make a drainage layer

When the drainage material and planting container are prepared, you should proceed to laying. Step-by-step instructions on how to drain a flower pot at home:

Make sure all tools are clean and disinfected before starting work. Planting containers must be dry.
Before laying, carefully read the instructions for the drainage material, some of them require pre-soaking.
Be sure to change the drainage material to a new one when planting, transplanting, including during emergency procedures. If crushed stone or expanded clay is used, then they should be washed, disinfected, dried, then reapplied (maximum service life - 6 years).
Select the height of the layer depending on the requirements of a particular plant. If the care recommendations do not indicate what kind of drainage is needed, then lay low or medium. The usual drainage layer is 1–3 cm, the middle layer is 4–5 cm, and the high layer is more than 5 cm.
Adjust the drainage height based on the number and diameter of the drainage holes, if necessary. If there is 1 large hole in the pot, then increase the minimum layer to 3 cm. For small holes, only high drainage is suitable. If there are a lot of holes and they are large, then limit yourself to a layer 1 cm high.
It is important that the drainage material lies evenly. To do this, knock on the sides of the pot or shake it a little. If you are using shallow drainage, sprinkle a thin layer of soil on top. For coarse drainage material, sprinkle with coarse sand.
Cover the drainage layer completely, level the soil or sand. After that, proceed to transshipment or planting a home plant.

Drainage layer

The correct drainage device for domestic plants

Ultimately, the health and even the life of a green pet depends on how correctly the florist organized the drainage system. It is important to pay attention to both the planting container itself and the height and composition of the drainage layer.Let's take a closer look at these nuances.

Drainage height

The height of the layer, the main purpose of which is the correct drainage, depends both on the plant and on the dishes chosen for planting.

As you know, they can be of very different shapes, from narrow and high, to wide and low. The drainage height directly depends on the shape of the container. So in tall narrow pots, the soil dries out slowly, respectively, in containers of this type, the drainage layer should be sufficiently voluminous (4-6 cm). Low and wide pots, on the other hand, suggest a large soil surface area through which air exchange takes place. Therefore, the drainage in this case may be slightly less (1.5-2 cm). In standard bowls, the height and diameter of the upper ring of which are the same, the usual size of the drainage layer is about 3 cm.

The above dimensions are only applicable for medium-sized crockery, therefore allowance should be made for the capacity of the planting container. In general, the height of the drainage layer in tall and narrow pots should be 1/3 or 1/4 of the total volume, in low and wide ones - 1/8, and in standard ones - 1/5 or 1/6.

The material from which the flower dishes are made is also important. It is known that unbaked clay has a porous structure that allows air to pass through. In such pots, the roots of the plant will receive a sufficient amount of oxygen, so the drainage layer may be slightly lower. Plastic, metal, glass, glazed ceramics are airtight, which should be taken into account and compensated for by a significant drainage height.

Another factor to pay attention to is the number and diameter of the drainage holes in the flower container. The more of them and the larger their diameter, the lower the drainage layer should be. The size of the fractions of the drainage layer should also be taken into account - they should not spill through the holes.

The best option would be a two-layer drainage device: the bottom layer is coarse, the top is fine. Such a system perfectly allows excess fluid to pass through without clogging the drainage holes and not waking up.

The volume of the drainage layer also depends on the indoor plant being planted. Some of them are home to the rainy tropics, others are dry deserts, and there are those who came to our homes from wet swampy places. That is why, before planting, it is important to find out in what natural conditions this or that representative of the kingdom of Flora grows.

As a rule, inhabitants of deserts and other regions with hot and dry climates (cacti and succulents, some types of palms) need good drainage. A low drainage layer is suitable for marshy plants and epiphytes if a special breathable soil is used, consisting mainly of bark.

Errors in the manufacture of drainage

Often, in the manufacture of drainage, florists make mistakes:

Do not use fine sand, which over time clogs the water drain holes.
Do not use large fractions that do not retain moisture at all, and it instantly flows into the pan.
Natural materials that tend to rot, such as sawdust or tree bark, should not be used. The decay process often provokes plant diseases.
It is undesirable to use marble chips. This material, when interacting with water, changes the acidity of the soil.
It is not recommended to use materials with sharp edges: they can damage the root system of the plant.

Average cost of drainage in a store

The price depends on the material, quantity, purpose. You can buy a drainage mixture at a flower shop or at a construction base, if, for example, you decide to buy crushed stone.

Average prices for some drainage mixtures:

Expanded clay, packing 2 liters. - from 25 rubles. Bag 50 l. - from 150 rubles.
Sphagnum moss, packing 0.7 l. - from 45 rubles. Bag 60 l. - about 250 rubles.
Vermiculite, packing 2 l. - from 45 rubles.

After planting flowers, it is worth checking if the drainage system is working well. To do this, you need to fill the soil with plenty of water. If all is well, then the water will flow out of the holes, and if the drainage system is unsuccessful, the water will stagnate, only a small amount will flow out.

This article describes how to use drainage for indoor flowers. For a quality transplant, you need to know what drainage is, how to properly lay it on the bottom of the pot, and when plants need it. This article provides tips and tricks to help transplant flowers at home using drainage.

Absorbing air is very necessary, even more than a regular regimen. Drainage for indoor flowers should be air-exchangeable, this makes it possible for the roots and the whole plant to consume the required amount of air.

Drainage acts as a whole system, provides air flow and is permeable to water. It is very important to use drainage, it can be made from different materials in the form of large grains or fractions that do not enter into chemical reactions when moistened, will not collapse when interacting with moisture and will not rot.

Video

Drainage for flowers, what it is, literally every lover of indoor plants knows. Without it, not a single planting / replanting of almost all green residents of apartments, private houses and office premises can do. This is a device or material that creates comfortable conditions for the growth and flowering of indoor plants.

Why do you need drainage in a flower pot. Its main function is to regulate the moisture content of the earth and preserve in it a sufficient amount of air, without which no living creature on the planet can exist.

How to install drainage (change title)

The drainage layer depends on the type of plant and the size of the pot. Typically, the drainage layer is 1-4 cm. The larger the volume of the pot, the larger the drainage layer. In some cases, it is permissible to use several drainage materials at once, for example, expanded clay and charcoal.

A layer of coarse sand (2-3 mm) must be poured over the drainage material. The layer of sand depends on the size of the pot and is 1-5 cm. Nutrient soil is poured over the sand, the composition of the soil depends on the specific type of plant.

Some plants can be grown without drainage if loose soil is selected. For example, geranium, chlorophytum, gloxinia grow well without drainage.

Drainage is an important part of the normal "life" of plants, especially indoor plants. It has its own function, which is no less important than the sun, heat, watering, transplanting, feeding.

Due to the presence of drainage, the flower will be able to avoid some diseases, which can be caused by improper care. Neglecting the drainage layer can lead to the death of domestic plants.

Drainage types:

Holes in the bottom of flowerpots, allowing excess liquid to escape from the ground.
A special layer of loose material at the bottom of the pot, which allows air to flow to the plant roots and prevents excessive soil moisture.

Each plant has its own drainage characteristics and preferences. For one, a few holes in the bottom of the flowerpot are enough, for the other, in addition to the holes, a layer of drainage stones is needed. It all depends on how much moisture and air it needs for growth and flowering.

Drainage for indoor plants is vital. When purchasing a planting container, make sure there are holes in the bottom. If they are not there, be prepared for the fact that you will have to make them yourself, as without this your green pet will die from lack of air and excess moisture.

Which drain to use?

It all depends on what properties you need, you can choose one or another option.

If it is important to you practicality and availability - then it can be expanded clay, crushed stone or shards.
Desiring heal a plant, use moss.
Needing in a lightweight, practical component, it is worth stopping your gaze on foam.

It is best not to guess, but to determine what is most important for you, what function the drainage material should perform, than you are willing to sacrifice for this.

Drainage materials

In a specialized store or hypermarket, you can purchase ready-made drainage for indoor flowers. An experienced seller will advise which type of plant is right for you and advise on how to properly create a drainage system for a plant.

Most often, they offer a material for drainage, popular among flower growers, - expanded clay. It does not interfere with the flow of water, absorbs excess moisture when watering, and when the earth dries up, it gives it to the soil. Prevents soil compaction and air displacement. It is strong enough, the period of its use is 4-5 years. Does not grow moldy or covered with moss.

Expanded clay for flowers is almost ideal also because it is very light in weight, which means that rather heavy flower pots with plants do not become even heavier due to its use.

If there is no store nearby, you can try to cope with the problem on your own. The main condition is that the material must be hard, durable, not absorb water.

Do-it-yourself drainage for indoor plants can be made from:

small sea or river pebbles;
broken into small pieces of brick;
medium-sized crushed stone or gravel;
fragments of broken ceramic dishes.

How to drain flowers in the garden

In many areas there is a problem of excess moisture in the soil, from which many plants die without taking root. You can change the position with the help of a drainage system, which is easy to build in an open garden area. Drainage is also appropriate in areas with dense soil. The preparatory stage consists of the following steps:

Decide on a place for drainage and subsequent planting of plants.
Select a material that will serve as a drainage function.
Prepare the sand. It will be needed for the second drainage layer.
Prepare the required amount of earth. The drainage layer is covered with it.

Step-by-step creation of a drainage system:

Dig a hole / recess for future plants.
Cover the bottom completely with plastic wrap.
Put a layer of drainage on top (expanded clay, gravel, shards, etc.).
Cover with a light layer of sand.
Shake the ground.
Plant the plant, providing it with the required amount of soil.
Pour well with water.

How to replace expanded clay for flowers and other well-known materials

In the absence of expanded clay and other listed materials, you can use polystyrene, which is used for packaging household appliances. It is chemically non-toxic, durable, does not absorb water, does not rot or mold.

When using polystyrene, flower growers advise pouring a foam layer about 2.5-3 cm thick on the bottom of the container. Sprinkle on top with a thin layer of sand and special nutritious soil bought in a store and only then start planting flowers.

It is forbidden to use organic materials for drainage, such as egg shells, walnuts, tree branches, bark. They are susceptible to decay, mold. Also, it is not recommended to put pieces of granite and marble in flower pots - when interacting with water, they release harmful alkaline substances.

Remember what drainage is for flowers and that it is designed to help plants, not ruin them in the bud.

Materials (edit)

The main materials used for the construction of the drainage layer are:

expanded clay,
broken brick,
clay shards, fragments of ceramic dishes,
Styrofoam,
pebbles, fine gravel, gravel,
charcoal,
perlite, vermiculite

The use of each of them has both its pros and cons, sometimes overlooked.

The most popular drainage material sold in all supermarkets and specialty flower shops. The direct purpose of expanded clay is a building insulation, but the material is so well suited for the device of a drainage layer that it has become widely used in floriculture.

Expanded clay or expanded clay gravel are particles of foamed and burnt clay. The size of expanded clay fractions can be different - from coarse to fine, almost sandy. In floriculture, as a rule, medium-fraction expanded clay (from 5 to 20 mm) is used.

One of the valuable properties of expanded clay, like other clay materials, is the ability to accumulate moisture and, as necessary, release it. Thus, an optimal water balance is maintained in the substrate.

Advantages of expanded clay used as drainage material:

availability and low price,
light weight,
ability to absorb water,
durability (service life is at least 4-5 years).

However, the use of expanded clay has its drawbacks. For example, according to some gardeners, it is able to change the acid-base balance of the soil, which negatively affects the health of a green pet.

[!] Sometimes it is useful to pour expanded clay on the surface of the substrate, eliminating overheating of the soil and excessive evaporation from its surface. However, in some cases, this can lead to disruption of air exchange and the appearance of mold.

Broken brick

Red brick is a building material made of clay, therefore, in terms of its properties, red brick chips are very similar to expanded clay. If, for some reason, there is no opportunity to buy expanded clay, you can completely get by with broken brick by arranging a drainage layer of this material.

Clay shards, shards of ceramic dishes

Another readily available drainage material is crockery shards and shards. Some growers collect broken cups and plates, using them later for the device of a drainage layer.

And this is quite justified: they are lightweight, do not absorb or retain moisture. The only minus of the fragments is the sharp corners, which are easy to injure, so it is better to work with such drainage material in tight gloves.

Recently, a new fad has appeared among flower growers - to use pieces of polystyrene as drainage. And, while some feel distrust of this synthetic material, others, without hesitation, fill the bottom of a flower pot with it.

Polyfoam is, in fact, foamed, cellular plastic, and it is used everywhere, from construction to packaging of various goods. The advantages of foam, like a drainage material, are many:

availability,
sterility (does not create a favorable environment for the development of fungi),
lack of absorbency.

Polyfoam does not suck in and does not give up moisture at all, which, in some cases, is its indisputable advantage. If the grower needs a drainage layer that retains water, a little hydrogel can be mixed with the foam pieces.

However, this material also has some drawbacks, for example:

the ability of roots to germinate through the foam (which makes it difficult to remove it during transplantation),
too light weight.

The latter property of the material creates some inconvenience when using it in light plastic pots: unstable dishes with a weak base can turn over under the weight of the plant. On the other hand, the lightness of the foam is an undoubted advantage when filling bulk ceramic dishes. This material will not add weight to an already heavy flower pot.

Pebbles, crushed stone, gravel

Another free drainage material used by many indoor flower lovers is small stones: pebbles, rubble or gravel. The use of small fragments of stones is quite justified - they perfectly let water through without retaining or absorbing it.

However, there are also significant disadvantages.Both pebbles, crushed stone and gravel are heavy, and a container partially filled with these materials can become simply overwhelming. However, in the case of using a drainage layer of stones in a light plastic pot, the disadvantage turns into an advantage - the plastic container will be stable and will not turn over.

Another disadvantage of stones, noted by many experienced flower growers, is their high thermal conductivity. Therefore, a plant overwintering on a windowsill can become overcooled and, accordingly, get sick.

An excellent natural drainage material is charcoal. Its positive qualities:

porosity,
sterility,
neutrality.

In coal, pathogenic fungi that cause mold do not develop, and therefore the roots of a plant in a substrate with coal will be much less susceptible to rotting. Coal does not change the acid-base balance of the soil and has disinfecting properties. And you can not only buy coal, but also collect it completely free of charge, which is important in the case of an extensive floral collection.

However, there is a fly in the ointment in every barrel of honey. If we talk about coal as a component of the drainage layer, these are:

too high moisture absorption,
excessive lightness,
dirtyness.

Vermiculite and perlite

Despite their different origins, vermiculite and perlite have common properties: resistance to infection, sterility, low thermal conductivity, which means they can be used as a drainage layer. The soil, which contains these two components, is much less acidic, and fungi and mold practically do not multiply in it. As a rule, the above-mentioned materials are used as additives to the substrate, however, their use in their pure form as drainage is also quite justified.

The only drawback of these materials is the high price and inaccessibility: they can only be bought in specialized flower shops.

Answers from experts

Lyoka +:

except for expanded clay and brick chips - you can use small pebbles (aquarium), shells (if suddenly a lot of unnecessary vacations have accumulated), you can just beat old clay pots or unnecessary cups-plates. For very small plants and small pots, you can use coconut fiber or pieces of natural loofah or sisal loofahs and pieces of natural sponge. And as a temporary measure (at the time of rooting the cuttings, while the seedlings are growing) - even pieces of foam

A. T .:

Chipped brick!

In large pots, when the root of the plants is small, then half of it, sometimes even more, is clogged with cones

Galina Zelinskaya:

Chipped RED brick, expanded clay

Irina:

If the pot is large, and expanded clay, bricks are not at hand, then you can use used tea bags. which lay on the bottom of the pot in one layer.

Marina Chepurnaya:

expanded clay, polystyrene

Nina Tuzova (Kvashnina):

shells from pistachios. advised. but I haven't tried it myself

Elena Protopopova:

Bricks, pebbles, old shards, etc. WASH ONLY !!!

Anna Glivatskaya:

You can use a walnut shell, only pre-treat in a manganese solution

Ms. Flora:

And also pine bark, it is not only for orchids, as an antiseptic, but it is good to put it on the bottom or in the soil. It disinfects and drains.

Maxim ka:

Why shells? This is lime, not all plants need it. Shards, expanded clay and even pieces of foam.

avmir:

Broken brick, crushed stone, expanded clay, but not shells. And generally avoid limestone, chalk, gypsum.

Tane4ka:

I guess shells are not a good idea. Sea-salty, they must be washed-washed-washed. Again, the edges are sharp and the roots can cut. And they will alkalize. Better expanded clay or small pebbles.

Clementine Lady:

I like expanded clay as drainage. Lightweight, washes well when transplanting, does not injure the roots, there is a large one, there is a small one, for any holes in the pot. I did not notice any minuses when using it.

Irina K:

You can use embers from a campfire

Irina Smirnova:

I like to use pebbles, gravel. Easily found on the street, of any size. Then just wash it properly and to the bottom of the pot. Gorgeous drainage is obtained. Sometimes I use expanded clay, but not all plants love it. For example, I have adeniums. They do not tolerate expanded clay. As soon as the roots in the pot grow to the drainage expanded clay layer, the leaves immediately begin to turn yellow and discard. For a long time I struggled with the problem of yellowing of leaves, until someone here at "ANSWERS" suggested to me that it was necessary to abandon expanded clay for adeniums. I changed the expanded clay drainage to fine gravel - everything was fine. Well, they don't like adena expanded clay ...

Photo-Lady:

I always put one large flat shell flap in the center of the drain. So that the roots do not crawl out there. In general, I have all the pots in many holes, so on the bottom layer there are pebbles, and very large bark (I mostly have orchids, but there are others), large pieces of charcoal, and then the necessary soil or substrate. Pebbles are also needed to weigh down small pots. In large plants, I put a pebble in each hole. at the bottom of a huge pot. The water is drained, but the earth does not wake up.

tsuatsua tsuatsuza:

It is better to make the drainage system s polyfacture / catalog / livnevaya-kanalizatsiya / correctly and efficiently, so that the flowers are watered constantly, then there will be no problems, this is called a storm sewer.

Types of drainage material: subtleties of use

How to drain a flower pot? This procedure is not limited only by the presence of holes, it is also necessary to use a special drainage material. It should not rot, become covered with mold, it is imperative to let water pass through itself, without retaining it in the soil. For this, expanded clay, crushed stone, gravel, ceramic shards, broken brick, polystyrene and several other types of synthetic materials are suitable.

The thickness of the drainage layer will depend on the type of pot and the plant itself. Often, for new pots with one hole at the bottom, a drainage of 1 cm is sufficient.If there are no holes or there are few of them, then it is best to pour 3-4 cm.

Expanded clay is most often used, a similar material is sold in all flower shops, it can be large, medium, small. It can retain moisture in itself, and then give it to the soil. Its service life is more than 5 years. It is often recommended to pour cleaned sand on top of expanded clay.

Can moss, charcoal and shards be used?

Some growers use pure sphagnum moss instead of expanded clay, which perfectly retains moisture, and, if necessary, gives it to the root system. It should be noted that moss also has disinfecting and healing properties. It is especially often used when growing orchids.

Charcoal is no less effective, it is considered an effective antiseptic and an excellent natural fertilizer. Coal is able to prevent the decay process, adsorb salts, and also regulate moisture in an earthen coma.

You can also make a drained layer with your own hands from shards of a broken clay pot. Several pieces of shards are placed on the bottom, after which they are sprinkled with sand on top. In some cases, foam dragees are not recommended to be used, although this material is lightweight and convenient. The roots of the plant grow into it; they can be easily damaged during transplantation.

In addition to these materials, you can use many others. The main thing is that the root system is not damaged, and the material itself does not rot, does not become a source of spread of pathogenic bacteria. As a result, your plants will always be comfortable, which means their decorative appearance will remain attractive for a long time.

Why do houseplants need drainage? We know that in nature, when watering or precipitation, water is absorbed into the soil, where the roots of plants begin to absorb it. However, only a small part of the water is retained in the upper layer of the soil, the rest, the surplus, goes into the depths.It is good if the lower layers of the soil are permeable, and if there is clay at the bottom, or very close to the surface there is groundwater, then drainage is needed. Drainage

- natural or artificial abstraction of groundwater, or water from the soil surface.

In a single flower pot, everything happens in the same way as in nature. When watering, water, almost without lingering on the surface of the soil, quickly soaks the substrate in the flower pot and accumulates at the bottom of the pot. The roots of the plant rush down for water, and can suffocate in stagnant water if not foreseen drain holes

at the bottom of the flowerpot. For succulents, such as sedum Morgan, cacti, additional drainage holes should be provided. In damp soil, taking advantage of the limited space, various pathogenic bacteria and fungal infections settle on weakened roots, and the roots of the plant simply begin to rot. The plant has practically no chance of survival, it dies, no matter how sorry we may be for it.

To avoid such situations, in addition to the drainage hole in the pot, when planting the plant, you need to pour drainage on the bottom of the pot - a small layer of permeable material for quickly draining excess water when watering indoor plants. Expanded clay, ceramic or clay shards, coarse sand, vermiculite, pebbles, broken red brick and even foam plastic can be used as drainage. Shredded pine bark also does not retain water, but it is only used for orchids or plants that need an acidic soil pH response.

Drainage layer

for small, short indoor plants, it should be at least 3-5 cm. Drainage prevents the formation of a plug from the roots of the plant, which can close the hole in the pot. Excess water, easily flowing through large particles of drainage, comes out through the drainage hole of the pot, thereby causing no harm to the roots.

For tall or large plants such as monstera, ficus, zamiokulkas, clerodendrum, citrus, balcony and terrace plants that stand on the floor, the drainage layer should be at least a quarter of the height of the pot. In this case, drainage will not only drain excess water, but will also noticeably make the lower part of the flower pot heavier, make the pot stable, thereby preventing the plant from tipping over. For such large plants, the presence of expanded clay or other inert material is needed not only as drainage. It must be added to the earthen mixture itself, since the volume of the pot is large, and the soil can quickly sour.

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Drainage for indoor plants is a very important component in flower care. Why is drainage needed? Due to drainage, there is no stagnation of water in the pot, and also promotes the supply of oxygen to the roots of the plant.

It should be mentioned that if there are no holes in the flowerpot, then the drainage efficiency is greatly reduced. Since it is actually through them that the excess liquid is removed, and air enters the roots of the flower.

Constantly drainage is required to be laid out on the bottom of the tank.
If the drainage layer is weak, then in most cases oxygen starvation and root decay occurs. How effective the drainage layer will be depends on the choice of material. In addition, the size and shape of the pot and drainage holes must be considered.
For all flowers that are grown at home, it is permissible to use tanks with drainage holes. Only the degree of drainage soil for an individual flower is personal.
For example, a rapid drainage method is used for cacti. To do this, take a small planting pot, in which there are many holes, and pour in a porous soil mixture.
Experienced growers recommend moderate drainage for flowers that need to be watered regularly. The reservoir is filled with soil, which retains moisture perfectly. Moreover, the number of holes in the pot should be small.
When laying drainage, you must first put the largest part of the material, after which the middle and small fractions on top, just do not mix it up. It is recommended that you shake the flowerpot 2-3 times so that the material occupies the large voids between the particles.
Watering indoor flowers is carried out individually. But still, clogged holes in the pot will have a very bad effect on any plant, even those that do not need to be drained.

What is expanded clay?

It is a natural material made of clay or shale that has been fired in a kiln at a temperature of 1200 ° C. Contrary to popular belief, there is no division into building and flower expanded clay - it is the same material.

On sale you can find granules of coarse (2-4 cm in diameter), medium (1-2 cm) and fine (0.5-1 cm) fractions, as well as expanded clay sand (less than 0.5 cm). Granules smooth on the outside have a porous structure on the inside - they weigh little, do not interfere with air exchange and are able to accumulate and release moisture.

Moistening the soil for indoor flowers

To moisten the soil of domestic vegetation, in each case, specific actions must be taken. Closed holes have a negative effect on different types of plants, even those that do not need to be drained.

In order to create the outflow of liquid from the holes, a layer of stones should be covered. The roots of flowers and the dense soil layer can close the holes, you can check this after good watering. If the liquid does not flow out, respectively, the holes are closed, if the process does not normalize with the next watering, then the flower must be planted in another flowerpot with a new one.

Accessories

Those who are engaged in the cultivation of indoor flowers have probably noticed that some pots have no drainage holes at all. Experts note that this is even very good. Such a pot can be safely called universal, because the number and size of holes can be controlled independently. To make holes for draining the water, you need to use the following tools:

Gently heat an iron object (for example, a thick nail, awl or knife) over a fire and punch all the necessary holes with it.
Using a conventional drill, you need to drill holes of diameter.

Processing grapes in autumn with copper sulfate and other means

What is plant drainage?

Drainage is a system that ensures soil drainage and also maintains soil moisture that is optimal for the plant. In fact, drainage is a layer of coarse or fractional materials that are laid on the bottom of the pot

... When transplanting any plant, such a layer should be made, otherwise the flower may not take root or the roots will not receive the required amount of air, and
the soil will be constantly waterlogged
... All these negative factors ultimately lead to the death of the plant. Why do we need drainage holes in a flower pot?

Now in stores you can find many different options for pots for indoor plants, but most of them are plastic. While there are more and cheaper, it is best to opt for a simple unglazed pot that is itself part of the drainage system.This is due to the fact that the clay from which the pot is made, in itself, removes moisture well, thereby the root system receives the right amount of air. One drainage hole is made in clay pots.

Plastic pots are often produced without drainage holes or with marks where they should be for the gardener to do them himself. When making drainage holes in that vessel, you should pay attention to the type of plant. Sometimes it is necessary to make side drainage holes as well. It is believed that drainage is not needed for such pots, but this is not the case.

Even the most moisture-loving plant will not grow in damp and swampy soil. There may be fewer holes in the pot, but there should be. When making holes, you should take into account the size of the vessel, the age and size of the plant that you will transplant. Before transplanting a plant, ask what conditions are needed for growing a particular flower.

In the process of growing a flower, you should pay attention to the fact that the holes are not tightly covered with earth or drainage material. If they become clogged, they should be cleaned immediately.

Please note that suspended structures do not provide for such openings, as otherwise excess water may drip onto the floor or furniture. In this case, the layer of drainage material should be larger than usual.

What are drain holes and why are they needed

The pot must contain there is a possibility
draining excess water. For this, holes are made at the bottom of the pot, which are called drainage holes.

Their number can vary from one to one and a half dozen, depending on the characteristics and needs of the flower.

If there are no holes in the pot, then you can make them yourself without any problems. AND humidity control

the soil begins already at this stage: the thicker the holes, the faster the water will come out of the pot, and the more oxygen will be received by the root system.

The number of holes has a similar effect on moisture removal and soil oxygenation.

Drain hole

over time, it can become clogged with soil mixture, drainage or roots. Therefore, it must be checked periodically, especially when it is one. If you notice that the hole is clogged, it should be cleaned. For this, a wooden or other stick will do.

Best Answers

avmir:

When I was a snotty kid, there were only ceramic pots with one hole in the bottom. This hole was blocked with a shard from broken dishes, and as a soil they took soil from a garden or a forest belt and mixed it with coarse river sand (cherozem from mole mounds was especially appreciated). That's all the drainage, and even a good nutritious substrate.

Alisa Doronina:

Crumbled foam.

Academka:

Broken brick, if there is no expanded clay, although it costs a penny.

Lirriella:

Why replace it? A useful thing. Expanded clay works well. Well, or, if grown on a wick, it is not needed.

riba xitraya:

sphagnum, but best of all expanded clay

the foam is essentially not drainage, but so .. fill the extra volume, so that less soil, less risk of flooding. He does not come into contact with water, and the essence of drainage is to absorb excess water and give it at the right time

SPIKE LIKE HEDGEHOG ...:

Throw any stones ...

Clementine Lady:

Expanded clay, ceramic fragments, polystyrene. You can add agroperlite to the soil, it will prevent overflow.

Irina K:

Pieces of charcoal are very good to use as drainage

crushed stone or fine gravel ideal for drainage

Elena Rudenko:

Drainage and drainage to absorb excess moisture (if the plant is flooded). It is better not to shove nonsense into the pot, such as foam, which does not fulfill the function assigned to it. Better to purchase quality drainage. I buy a drainage Flower large and small from Fasco. It fully and completely fulfills its function.

Ruslan Ladushkin:

You can use a drainage system in principle quite cost-effective now) acoline ordered excellent prices here. and the guys are super. Vopschem it's up to you to decide, but really I advise you will not regret it)

Evgeny Volkov:

acoline /

Charcoal

Charcoal is well suited for soil drainage, acting as a natural fertilizer and antiseptic, not only preventing putrefactive processes, but also adsorbing salts and regulating the saturation of the soil with moisture.

Like many, charcoal flower drainage perfectly absorbs and retains liquid and minerals until the moment when the soil dries up and needs moisture. Charcoal is a neutral, porous, inert and lightweight material.

For drainage, it is laid out on the bottom of the flowerpot with a layer of 2 cm. It is advisable to take large fractions or such that they will not pass through the drainage holes of the pot.

What can you make it from?

We list a list of materials suitable for creating a drainage system and find out which one is better, and how to properly prepare them. Florists usually use as drainage materials:

Ceramics... Old ceramic pots can be used to build drainage. It is enough to split them into small shards and disinfect them. At the bottom of the pot, the fragments are laid with the convex part up. They shouldn't be too large. The downside is the presence of sharp edges.
Expanded clay... It is one of the best and most inexpensive drainage materials. It easily removes moisture, and also absorbs it, giving it to the plant as needed. Expanded clay drainage has no sharp corners, and therefore it is safe for the root system. However, it needs to be disinfected before use. No minuses noted.
Moss... Sphagnum can be harvested from the swamp or purchased at the flower shop. It is not only a drainage material, but also a good disinfectant and water-retaining agent. Before laying on the bottom, it must be soaked for 30 minutes in warm water. The downside is fragility. But given the fact that plants require frequent replanting, this is not a problem. Another disadvantage is that the roots grow through the moss. Therefore, it will be almost impossible to separate them from each other in the future.
Charcoal... This is not only drainage, but also fertilizing, as well as a water-retaining agent and material that absorbs salts and decontaminates soil. Coal is placed on the bottom of the pot in large pieces. There are no downsides. But there is a nuance - it alkalizes the soil. And this is harmful if the plant prefers a slightly acidic or acidic soil reaction.
Vermiculite... It absorbs water along with nutrients. Therefore, the plant will be fed every time the material begins to release moisture. There are no downsides.
Perlite... This is another of the best drainage materials. But it is expensive. Perhaps this is his only drawback.

Important! The drainage system includes two layers. The first is directly drainage material, and the second is a layer of sand. If he gets into the space between the stones, it’s not scary. After all, sand is permeable. If it were soil, then after its compaction, the outflow of water would be disturbed.

Ceramic shards

If expanded clay is not on sale, then the question arises of what can replace the drainage for flowers. For these purposes, a material such as ceramics will serve perfectly.

For the device of this type of drainage on the holes in the pot, it is necessary to put large shards with the convex side up or several small pieces. Then, if the container is small, add a one and a half centimeter layer of cleaned coarse sand, and a five centimeter layer if it is large. A layer of earth is poured on top, and a plant is planted.

The disadvantage of this material is the danger of damage to the roots by sharp sides. Do not use shards that are too large, as sand will spill through them.

Tips to help create the perfect drainage for indoor plants

The drainage for flowers should be changed with every transplant, and new materials should be used. If you use expanded clay, then it can be washed and reused. The maximum service life of such material is 6 years.

The height of the drainage layer for indoor flowers should be selected based on the requirements of a particular plant. If there are no special recommendations, then medium or low drainage is done.

The drainage into the pot should be filled up just before planting. Please note that the material must be dry, just like the pot.

In order for the drainage layer to be uniform, you should knock on the table with the pot after falling asleep. The layer that will absorb moisture must be completely covered with the substrate, only then can the plant be planted.

The following materials must not be used as drainage:

nutshell;
marble or granite chips;
tea brewing;
sand;
tree bark.

Drainage is the system for removing water through the soil in which the plant grows. Why is it needed? The answer to this question is simple: any houseplant must breathe in order to grow successfully. If watering is plentiful, the water displaces air from the soil, which causes bacteria to multiply. Lack of oxygen in the soil can cause root rot. So, flower drainage is designed to drain water from the pot and allow all parts of the plant (especially the roots) to breathe.

Drainage is needed for absolutely all indoor plants. It needs to be given as much attention as the more familiar fertilization, lighting, or watering.

The choice of drainage directly depends on the material and shape of the pot, its size, as well as the size and shape of special holes in the bottom. When choosing a pot for a houseplant, pay attention to the holes. Remember that the taller and narrower the pot, the longer it takes for the soil to dry out.

Although drainage for flowers must take place anyway, there are different drainage systems. So, for example, cacti and orchids require a rapid drainage system, which is why pots with a large number of holes are chosen for them. In this case, the pot is filled with a porous substrate. Plants that need constant root moisture are planted in pots with fewer holes.

The need for hydration is different for each indoor flower, but they all love oxygen. To prevent the holes from clogging up with earth, large pebbles are laid out on the bottom, which allow water to flow out through the holes.

What can be used as a drainage for flowers?

There are a lot of options. Among the main requirements for drainage are chemical inertness, resistance to mold, rot, good water permeability. A huge number of materials are suitable for these criteria: ceramic shards, and expanded clay, and broken brick. Today, various synthetic materials (for example, polystyrene) are also used for these purposes. So, in a pot with holes, they put about one centimeter of the drainage layer, and only then the ground where the plant is planted.

The most common drainage for indoor plants is expanded clay. It can be purchased at any flower shop, although it refers more to building materials. Expanded clay can be of different sizes, the choice of which depends on the size of the pot, flower and other characteristics.

The second most popular is ceramic flower drainage. It represents shards of pottery, which are laid out on the bottom with the convex side up. A layer of sand is laid on the ceramic drainage, and only then the earth.

Polyfoam is a lightweight material that also meets all the requirements. You do not need to buy it: for sure, you have some kind of packaging lying around at home, and you can make drainage for flowers with your own hands.

Crushed stone, gravel and broken brick are very often used, since these materials are natural and resistant to damage.

So, choosing the right drainage affects how the houseplant will feel. Take this seriously, paying attention to all the details, including the holes in the pot, the size of the stones, the shape of the pot, and other points outlined above.

This article describes how to use drainage for indoor flowers. For a high-quality transplant, you need to know what drainage is, how to properly lay it on the bottom of the pot, and when plants need it. This article provides tips and tricks to help transplant flowers at home using drainage.

Sphagnum moss

Many growers use pure sphagnum moss as a drainage material. This natural material holds moisture well, and when needed, the water from it goes back into the ground. In addition, moss is endowed with healing and disinfecting qualities.

Moss grows on swampy or very wet forest soils. It can be seen in the form of soft stalks of light green color, from which needle-like soft leaves stick out in all directions.

It is harvested in any season, but it is preferable to do it in the fall, which will make it possible to preserve the material longer and better during transportation.

Before using the drainage for flowers in the form of moss, it is poured with warm, up to 45 ° C water for half an hour. This is necessary both for saturation with moisture and for getting rid of stuck insects.

Store the moss in unsealed breathable plastic and in a cool place, perhaps in the freezer. The material does not lose its quality during defrosting.

Growing orchids in expanded clay

Is an experimental substrate for orchids. Most experts reject the use of expanded clay as a substrate, but there is evidence and experience of successful cultivation of phalaenopsis on this building material.

Moreover, according to the reviews of flower growers, plants planted in expanded clay feel much better than those that grow in the pine bark... In addition, expanded clay does not collapse in the same way as pine bark, which makes it a very durable "substrate"; plants practically do not require replanting. The downside is the need to feed the plants.

Additional tips, recommendations

Home flowers, like the florist himself, do not always care what kind of drainage you use. Therefore, when choosing it, you need to be guided by both your preferences and the needs of the plants. In this regard, you should heed the following recommendations:

If accessibility is the main thing for you, then give preference to polystyrene, cork, ceramic fragments or bricks (whatever comes to hand). You can even use old rocks from the aquarium or walnut shells.
If drainage quality, safety and accessibility are equally important, then it is better to choose expanded clay, crushed stone or gravel.
If the flower is prone to root rot (or you often overflow the soil), then choose charcoal or sphagnum.
If you do not like unnecessary actions (grinding material, disinfecting), buy perlite or vermiculite.
If the aboveground part of the plant is very massive, and the root system is shallow, then heavy drainage will help to give stability to the pot.In this case, crushed stone or gravel will do.

Whatever material you choose for the construction of the drainage layer, it should be quite large. The diameter of the individual pebbles should be about 2 cm. Larger sizes are acceptable if for some reason you planted the flower in a pot without drainage holes. In any case, you must make sure that all stones are free from sharp corners and edges. Otherwise, they need to be sharpened to prevent root damage.

Brief description and need

It is quite simple to explain why and why this component is so important in the field of flower cultivation. The thing is that, without drainage, the soil gradually compresses and dries out unevenly from moisture. In addition, areas with excessive moisture appear, which can sour and cause rotting of the root system. Experts say that the spread of dangerous diseases and pests, lack of air permeability and soil decay, disruption of the normal outflow of excess moisture, as well as an anaerobic environment are far from all factors that a small drainage layer at the bottom of the tank can successfully cope with.

Experts note that such a material is a universal soil drainage system that helps maintain the most favorable substrate moisture for each type of indoor plant. Simply put, it is a specific layer of coarse or coarse-grained materials at the bottom of the flower pot, which guarantees good air permeability to the soil, as well as optimal drainage of excess moisture.

Aspiring florists often forget that good air permeability plays an important role in the process of growing a healthy plant. Indeed, only in this case the root system of the flower will be able to breathe and develop normally.

The principle of the drainage layer is to provide favorable conditions for the flower.

Vermiculite and perlite

An excellent drainage material is vermiculite and perlite granules.

Vermiculite is made by heating clay to very high temperatures, causing the minerals to be pressed together like flakes. In appearance, this drainage resembles parts of cork or wood shavings, it is light, inert, and does not harm the plants.

Perlite is a resilient silica of volcanic origin and looks like gray or white granules.

Both materials tend to absorb moisture with dissolved in it mineral-organic substances, and then, as necessary, return them to the soil.

The disadvantage of this type of drainage is the high price.

Alternative materials

To date, making a do-it-yourself drainage for flowers is quite simple. For this it is enough to use the materials at hand that can be found in any home:

Aquarium stone. These stones are considered a good alternative, but they are quite expensive. But if such material is available, then it must be used.
Gravel and crushed stone. Drainage of soil with such material is considered a very common solution. The only drawback is that such elements significantly increase the weight of the pot. Gravel and crushed stone are especially appropriate if they will be used for small containers that do not need to be repositioned frequently.
Broken brick. This is one of the most budget-friendly options. Such material is considered natural, due to which it only benefits the plant. But before sending the brick particles into the flower pot, they must be sharpened so that the sharp edges do not injure the root system of the plant. Separately, it should be noted that white brick is most suitable for drainage than red brick.
Styrofoam. This material perfectly replaces the elements familiar to everyone. But, you cannot crush it: the foam must be cut into small cubes, which are evenly placed in a pot.The only drawback can be attributed only to the fact that the root system often braids such a drainage material, which is why it is then subjected to injury.

When choosing the most suitable drainage for indoor plants, you need to remember that it must be safe for the plant itself. Only in this case the flower will develop rapidly, delighting with its beauty and freshness.

How to properly lay it out on the bottom of the pot

A small layer of drainage can lead to oxygen starvation, root rot. Given what material will be used, the effectiveness of the drainage is determined. You also need to consider the size and shape of the container for planting flowers.

For any flowers grown at home, it is advised to purchase flowerpots with drainage holes, but for different types of soil and for any plant, this is all individual. For example, for cacti, a quick drainage method is optimal. A porous mixture is poured into a small planting container with a large number of holes.

If there are no holes in the pots, drainage will reduce its effectiveness, excess moisture leaves through the holes and air enters the root system, drainage should always be at the bottom of the container, it is extremely important for domestic plants, along with lighting, watering and feeding.

Preparing for transplanting indoor flowers

Before proceeding with a flower transplant and filling the drainage, you need to make sure that the materials used are clean. The drainage must be filled up before planting, it must not be wet and if it has been used before, it must be thoroughly washed and disinfected.

The containers for planting should be pre-cleaned and dried, the recommendations for the store substrate should be checked: many types of materials should be moistened. In this case, the drainage should be placed in treated purified water.

By watching the video, you will learn about drainage.

Drainage is a system that maintains the required moisture content of the substrate for the vegetation grown at home. Using drainage is a very important process for planting and replanting plants.

For the most comfortable plant development, experienced gardeners recommend creating a favorable atmosphere for the flower. External factors affecting the growth and development of a flower can be considered as sunlight, air humidity, ambient temperature and drainage system. And this is quite an important point, because properly selected drainage can significantly affect both the flower itself and the mistakes in care. Read about how to drain the site.

Drainage for flowers - what is it?

Flower drainage is a system that allows excess moisture to be removed through the flower's root system and soil layer. A plant is a living organism, therefore, it needs to breathe. All parts of the plant need access to oxygen:

Leaves;
Root system;

If the grower floods the flower with water for any reason, it will literally displace all oxygen bubbles from the soil layer. The anaerobic environment promotes the development of various kinds of bacteria. An airless environment leads to rotting of the root system, the flower withers as a result.

The essence of the "work" of the drainage system is to remove excess moisture from the plant and allow the root system to breathe without problems. Read on and how to seat him.

Therefore, each flower needs:

Have at least one small drainage hole at the base of the flowerpot. It is necessary so that excess water comes out through it, plus this hole makes it possible to circulate air.
At the very bottom of the pot, it is necessary to lay out a layer of 2-5 cm (depending on the type of plant) drainage.

Drainage for flowers, photo varieties

Today, you can not only buy drainage for a plant in a flower shop, but also make it yourself.

There are different types of drainage for flowers:

expanded clay drainage for flowers, the most sold and popular type of drainage. Only some types of fractions (fine and medium) are used for drainage;
Styrofoam as a drainage agent for flowers is the most readily available substance ever used to create a drainage system. It is not affected by mold, is moisture resistant, chemically inert and does not decompose;
drainage based on pieces of tiles or ceramic, only a few pieces of earthenware are needed for drainage;
drainage from crushed stone and gravel, it is often used in garden plots, such a drainage system will last for many years;
drainage from sphagnum moss. Best drainage option for indoor plants. Capable of retaining moisture, disinfectant;
charcoal drainage. It has good antiseptic properties and can be used as a fertilizer;
broken brick drainage. Not the best drainage option. Sharp corners can damage the plant's root system;
Vermiculite drainage perfectly absorbs liquid fertilizers and water. It can serve as a top dressing months after it has been carried out.

at the place of application:

drainage for indoor flowers;
drainage for garden plants;