Manchurian apricot ornamental trees and shrubs description

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Sweet Malinka 16.12.2018 Our garden

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Common apricot is a fruit tree from the plum genus. The fruit of this plant has the same name. Morela, zherdel, yellow plum, Armenian plum are called differently. A common fruit crop, grown everywhere for its delicious fruits. Apricots are eaten raw and dried, used to make jams and juices. Due to their beneficial properties, the fruits are used in cosmetology. In the article we will tell you what a cultivated apricot is: a botanical description, common varieties, how this fruit is useful, is it possible to eat bones, is there a risk of poisoning with them.

Landing features

The seeds of such a plant remain viable for several years and, when planted in autumn, give from 50 to 90% of young plants. Beforehand, it is recommended to lower the bones into the water: the floating specimens must be removed, since they are not suitable for planting. Stratification is useful. When planting, the embedment depth is 1 cm.

Shrub growing begins with planting. If the planting of Manchurian apricot is done correctly, then the plant quickly takes root and develops well.

Recommended timing

The optimal time for planting a decorative apricot is the last decade of April. At this time, the soil is already warmed up thanks to sunny spring days.

Autumn planting of seedlings is possible, but requires more careful attention. Winter frosts can harm fragile seedlings.

The planting site should be prepared in a well-lit area with aerated and lime-containing soil. It is worth making sure that there is no stagnation of moisture and strong salinity in the allocated place. The most favorable for the Manchurian variety are areas protected from the north wind. For the same reason, shrubs are not planted in lowlands to avoid cold air draining.

It goes well only with any varieties of apricots. Refers to individualistic plants.

The seeds of the variety have the ability to be stored for several years without losing the ability to germinate.

Before planting them:

1. Check by immersion in water. Floated instances are removed as unusable.
2. Stratified, in other words, stored at 0 ° C in damp sand and with good ventilation. The stratification period is 3 months.

To plant the seeds, it is necessary to prepare a furrow 1 cm deep, lay the seeds and sprinkle with soil. Be sure to water.

If you want to plant a seedling of Manchurian apricot, then prepare a pit, fertilize it with compost. The seedling is immersed to such a depth that the root collar is 2-3 cm above the soil surface.

Can seeds be consumed? Can I be poisoned by them?

Another useful feature of apricots is the edible kernel kernels of the fruit. By the way, an interesting alternative to bitter almonds. The chemical composition includes rare vitamin B 17, proteins, fats and carbohydrates. Due to the large amount of proteins and fats, the calorie content of apricot kernels is 450 kcal.

Vegetable oil, often used for cosmetic purposes, is obtained from the seeds. It is well absorbed by the body, helps, if necessary, to quickly gain weight.The kernels can be eaten raw, dried or toasted.

At the same time, it is important to consider the harm of apricot kernels. The nucleoli of this fruit contain cyanide, a large dose of which can be poisoned. It is worth eating no more than 20 grams per day, for children - no more than 5 grams.

Bitter apricot kernels should not be used for food. This is a sign of a high content of hydrocyanic acid. Its source is the bitter substance amygdalin. There are varieties with a minimum content of this component. The kernels are used to make dried fruits called kaisa.

General information about the variety

At the beginning of 2005, this species was entered in the State Register.

It is suitable for cultivation not only in the eastern part of China or in the Far East, due to its excellent resistance to weather conditions, it can grow even in Siberia. It is used to decorate not only garden plots. The plant has a powerful root system; it is customary to plant it near water bodies to strengthen the coastal system.

Features of the tree

The description indicates that the Manchurian apricot has a rather tall trunk. Its height reaches 18 m, and the diameter of the trunk itself is 50 cm. The color of the bark is dark brown. Tying branches is recommended. The leaves are large, up to 12 cm long, having an oval shape. In autumn, the leaves can turn red and do not fall off until the onset of frost.

The Manchurian apricot has pink flowers. It is believed that the earliest harvest of honey is harvested from them. Their main feature is that their aroma resembles the smell of honey. The flowers are small in size, their diameter is 2.5 cm. They are located on a stalk of small height and can be grouped into inflorescences. Apricot blooms every year and is observed in early April.

Fetal parameters

When considering the description and characteristics of the variety, it can be noted:

• the fruit is oval, slightly flattened at the edges;
• the size reaches a length of 4-5 cm;
• weight is 20 g;
• the surface of the fruit is rough;
• color is light orange.

Fruit ripening occurs in early July. Their taste is sour, so they may be slightly inferior in sweetness to their counterparts from the southern regions. Jam, jams and compotes are prepared from them.

Manchurian fruits are used for making jam

Is an apricot a berry or a fruit?

To determine the botanical name of a fruit, and to figure out whether it is a berry, a fruit or a vegetable, you first need to consider the botanical classification of the fruit.

According to the botanical description, a berry is a fruit with pulp, in which the wall of the ovary is converted into an edible pericarp.

The flower of the berry plant is characterized by the presence of an upper ovary and 1 or more carpels, and forms a thin covering material as well as a juicy core of the fruit. The seeds are formed in the inner cavity of the pulp.

Berry crops include tomatoes, peppers, eggplant, grapes, Turkish delight, medlar, avocado, persimmon, physalis. Based on this definition, apricot is not a berry.

The word "vegetable" from the Old Russian "vegetable" has been actively used in Russian since the end of the XIV century. It denoted the fruits of plants and the entire process of their vegetation. Derived from the German "wachsen", which translates as "grow".

Did you know? In total, there are about 20 varieties of apricots in the world.

The word "fruit" came into use only in 1705. From that moment on, the fruits were divided into vegetables and fruits. But, not everything is so simple, because during the separation, people began to be guided more by the taste of the fruits than by their botanical identity.

From the point of view of science, fruits are all flowering plants that bear fruit, the main task of which is to preserve the seed contained within.

Based on this, we can conclude that fruits include not only sweet fruits, but also cucumbers, tomatoes, eggplants, melons, legumes and even nuts. The fruit itself is edible to humans or animals, but it acts as a protective shell for the seed.

As it grows, the pulp of the fruit moves away from the seed, thus facilitating its entry into the soil for further reproduction. The edibility of the fruit also provides them with an additional optimization of the function of propagation and distribution to more distant territories.

The fact is that when eating fruits, animals, birds swallow them together with seeds, which then come out with excrement in a natural way and so enter the soil at a decent distance from the mother plant.

As vegetable crops, botany also positions edible parts of plants, but they are leaves, roots, bulbs and inflorescences.

Fruits, in turn, are divided by botany into the following groups:

• pome fruits - apple-shaped fruits, with juicy pulp, inside of which there are chambers with a large number of seeds;
• stone fruits - juicy fruits with one seed covered with a hard shell;
• berry - complex drupes;
• nut-bearing - nuts and dry drupes, are distinguished by the presence of a hard shell instead of a juicy pulp that covers the seed;
• fruit vines - perennial, climbing tree crops.

From all of the above, it follows that apricot is a stone fruit. Belongs to the Pink family.

Landing features

Such a tree is not capricious in care: it is important to provide it with regular watering, especially after transplantation and in the process of growth. In the second half of the summer, filing should be done only during a drought. Excessive watering can cause protracted growth of shoots, which by winter will not have time to ripen and freeze.

Manchurian apricot is a frost-resistant plant that can survive temperatures below 30 o C. It grows on any type of soil and at the same time gives abundant growth, loves an abundance of light. When groundwater is located close to the plant, good drainage should be provided. This can be a 20 cm layer of rubble.

Pre-winter preparation includes covering young plants with spruce branches near the root collar. If frost damages annual shoots, the latter must be pruned.

It is required to whitewash the tree trunk twice a year. In the presence of damage, such places must be cleaned up to a living area and a garden pitch applied to them.

Recommended timing

Interesting facts about apricots

• The apricot tree, with proper care and a favorable climate, can bear fruit for 20 years.
• Humanity has been loving and eating this delicious and aromatic fruit for 4000 years.
• Since apricot is a relative of the peach, it also belongs to the rose family, like apples, by the way.
• Low temperatures greatly reduce the ripening time of this fruit.
• Currently, apricot trees are grown on all continents except Antarctica.
• The five leaders in the production of apricots include the following countries: Turkey, Iran, Uzbekistan, Algeria and Italy.
• Apricot is a member of the rosaceous family and is a close relative of almonds; some varieties of Amaretto liqueur are prepared not from almonds, but from apricots.
• In Europe, for a long time, apricots were considered a natural aphrodisiac and were used accordingly.
• In Egypt, for many centuries, a special national drink called "amar al-dīn" has been prepared on the basis of dried apricot fruits.

Positive and negative qualities

The description indicates that the Manchurian apricot has the following positive qualities:

• high yields: about 40 kg of apricots are harvested from 1 tree;
• the possibility of long-term storage;
• tolerate transportation well;
• resistance to climate change;
• resistance to most diseases and parasites.

The disadvantage is that the fruit tastes sour with notes of bitterness. Many try to avoid planting this crop in their plots, but most grow a plant for beauty.

How to choose quality apricots when buying?

When buying apricots on the market, you should be guided by the following criteria:

• appearance of the fetus - the peel is complete without dents and cracks, the color is uniform without inclusions and spots of unknown origin;
• color - rich, bright;
• scent - pronounced pleasant, sweetish (if the fruits do not smell, it is better not to buy them);
• taste (if there is an opportunity to appreciate it) - pleasant, sweet, juicy pulp.

Plant pruning

It is recommended to remove dry and diseased branches from the tree in a timely manner. It should also be borne in mind that the Manchurian apricot does not have the ability to control its own harvest: almost all normally formed ovaries will turn into fruits firmly attached to the branches. The plant can be overwhelmed by the crop, which will weaken the growth of new shoots. Therefore, annual anti-aging pruning is a necessary factor in plant care.

Of the pests, Manchurian apricot can be affected by spider mites, cherry elephants, aphids; of diseases - perforated spotting and verticillosis.

Dessert Recipe - Apricot Smoothie with Oatmeal and Yogurt

In the season when the apricots are ripe and are in the juice itself, although in my case and in winter we freeze them, it's time to cook something tasty with them. And I offer you a simple recipe for a wonderful apricot-oatmeal cocktail, which you can safely appoint a good full breakfast or include it in the healthy nutrition menu as an afternoon snack.

In this version of the apricot smoothie, all the ingredients are in perfect harmony in taste and smell, satiety and healthiness. This cocktail can also be used as a base - just add your favorite berries or nuts, sprouted wheat or granola to it - with such a charge of vivacity we can save ourselves from unnecessary distortions until lunchtime.

Ingredients for making apricot dessert:

• oatmeal - 0.5 cups;
• drinking water - 0.5 cups;
• ripe apricot fruits - 400-500 grams;
• milk yogurt - 3/4 cup;
• almond milk - 1/4 cup;
• flaxseed flour - 2 tablespoons;
• ice cubes - a couple of pieces;
• honey - to taste;
• cereals and fruits - to decorate the dessert.

Cooking such a tasty and healthy treat will not be difficult. To do this, we first need to soak the oatmeal, if they are ground quite finely, then 15 minutes is enough; Coarse or coarse flakes can be left in the refrigerator overnight by soaking the night before. Chop the apricots coarsely and blend everything except honey in a regular blender. We add honey and ice to taste and desire along with almond milk and mix everything well again. Pour into glasses, decorate with apricot wedges and sprinkle a little with dry oatmeal.

Such a dessert turns out to be not only hearty and healthy, but also very tasty, as well as everything apricot, in my opinion. In my family, they do not really like oatmeal in the classic, so to speak, form, and in this version even the youngest eat with great pleasure. I hope that together with me you have seen once again what a wonderful fruit the velvety sunny apricot is.

Planting rules

To a large extent, apricot trees are planted using the inner pits. The Manchurian variety is no exception. The bones can retain their qualities throughout the year. If you plant a seed in the fall, then next year it will give a young plant with 90% probability. It is advised to place the bones in a bowl of water. The floating ones can be thrown away.

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The planting material should be placed in the ground to a depth of at least 1.5 cm. After a few years, the resulting seedling can be transplanted to a permanent growing site.

Properties of apricot for the body

Apricots have a lot of useful properties due to their rich chemical composition and the presence of a vitamin complex. Even in antiquity, doctors from different countries used them for medicinal purposes.

Did you know? Dried apricots are 10 times more caloric than fresh fruits.

Benefit

Apricots are introduced into the diet of children from 8 months in the form of puree, juices. After a year, you can start giving babies a few fresh fruits a day. Due to the presence of pectins, these products help cleanse and stabilize the microflora in the intestines, and also reduce the intensity of fermentation processes in the digestive tract.

Due to the presence of a rich vitamin and mineral complex, which includes all the necessary elements for normal growth and development, the use of apricots helps to strengthen bone and muscle tissue, stimulates psychomotor development.

Apricot fruits will also be beneficial for pregnancy and breastfeeding if they are not allergic. They will relieve the signs of toxicosis, manifested by nausea and dizziness in the initial stages of bearing a baby, and will also help to cope with the constipation that accompanies the last trimesters of pregnancy.

With HV, juice diluted 1: 1 with water and dried apricots will perfectly cope with anemia and will also help solve problems with intestinal motility in mothers and babies.

Apricots are actively used in diets aimed at reducing body weight.

Due to the antibacterial effect and the presence of dietary fiber in the composition, the fruits will help to quickly cleanse the body of toxins, reduce blood cholesterol levels, improve the condition of blood vessels and restore water-salt balance.

Apricots are useful in any form for adults. With increased physical exertion and frequent stress, they have a restorative effect on the nervous system, improve the performance of the immune system.

Important! When heat treated and dried, apricots do not lose their nutritional value and vitamins.

• In addition, apricots are actively used in the treatment of the following ailments:
• Abnormalities in the work of the cardiovascular system, hypertension - due to the presence of antioxidants and B vitamins, the tone of the vascular walls increases and the regenerative function of the body is restored. Pectin removes cholesterol from the blood, which improves blood flow and decreases vascular permeability, thereby lowering blood pressure.
• Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract - a decoction of fresh or dried fruits helps to eliminate inflammatory processes, reduce the manifestations of fermentation processes, restore peristalsis and improve metabolism.
• Anemia - iron contained in the composition, and potassium are actively involved in hematopoiesis. Thanks to the vitamins of the group, which are the building blocks of all groups of organs, the absorption of mineral salts increases, which significantly speeds up the process of forming a sufficient number of blood cells.
• Swelling and constipation - the fruits have a diuretic and laxative effect, due to which excess fluid and toxins are quickly removed from the body.

Harm and contraindications

Apricots can harm the body only if consumed in excessive quantities. In such cases, there may be diarrhea, vomiting, itching all over the body, urticaria.

The daily consumption rate for an adult is no more than 500-700 g, for a child over 6 years old, no more than 300 g, from a year to 3 years, no more than 100 g.

• Contraindications to the use of the fruit in question are:
• acute course of gastrointestinal diseases, accompanied by high acidity and diarrhea;
• diabetes;
• hepatitis and other liver diseases;
• pathology of the thyroid gland;
• children's age up to 8 months;
• individual intolerance to products.

Learn more about the benefits and health benefits of apricot.

Ornamental shrub apricot Manchurian

Among the varieties of fruit crops, ornamental shrubs are of particular interest. For example, Manchurian apricot. An amazingly beautiful plant that will decorate the site and give a decent harvest of fruits of the original taste.

Reproduction of the Manchurian apricot occurs in 2 ways:

• seeds (stratified);
• cuttings (green).

The seeds are taken from ripe fruits, soaked in water before planting. Drowned ones are selected and stratified for 3 months at a temperature of 0 ° C. Then they are planted in the ground to a depth of 1 cm. They are watered regularly. Seedlings are grown in a mother liquor, after 2-3 years they are transplanted to a permanent place.

The material is harvested in July, planted at the end of September. Cuttings are cut from strong branches, leaving 2-3 internodes and a couple of leaves. Placed in a vessel with a stimulating solution for 15 hours at an air temperature of 24 ° C. The stock for the Manchurian apricot must be reliable. It is selected from varieties adapted to the conditions of the region to ensure the longevity of the shrub and good yields.

Breeding history

The variety was bred in the research center of the Russian Federation, more precisely, and its Chinese branch. The task of the breeders was to obtain an apricot that resembles Japanese sakura. The result obtained fully satisfied the needs of gardeners. The Manchurian variety was included in the State Register of the Russian Federation in 2005.

Description of culture

Apricot Manchurian belongs to the species of deciduous plants of the genus Plum. It reproduces quite easily, but it is still listed in the Red Book as a rare species. The description of the Manchurian apricot variety should start with the external characteristics. It is the attractive decorative appearance of the bush that is the reason for the popularity of the variety among gardeners.

This rare variety has an openwork, spreading, but dense crown, throwing out many shoots. The height of the Manchurian apricot in an adult state reaches 10-15 m. The young tree has a light brown bark, it darkens during maturation, and in the old apricot it is covered with wide and deep furrows. The trunk diameter reaches 40 cm.

Important! Breeders recommend tying the branches of the variety.

Filigree leaves reach a size of 12 cm. The shape of the leaf plates resembles a wide oval with a pointed top. The color of the plates changes depending on the season. In summer, the upper part of the leaf is bright green, the lower is dark green.

Due to the original color of the leaves, the variety is a popular ornamental plant for decorating the site.

Flowers are located on the branches singly or in groups, keep on short stalks. During the flowering period, the branches are covered with pale pink buds of large size (more than 2 cm).

The best option, according to the recommendations of breeders, is the cultivation of Manchurian apricots in Siberia and the Far East.

You can see with your own eyes all the parameters described in the photo of the Manchurian apricot.

Characteristics

An important characteristic for gardeners is the long lifespan of the Manchurian variety. The shrub grows and bears fruit for up to 100 years. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully choose a place for planting a variety so that a beautiful plant fits into the design of the site.

Undemanding to the soil is also considered a feature of the variety.

Strong root system. The branching and size of the roots allows the use of a rare variety for strengthening the slopes and coastlines of water bodies.

The second positive quality suitable for gardeners is endurance. Apricot varieties Manchzhurskiy has high resistance to temperature changes. It easily tolerates drought and significant drops in temperature.

Shows high winter hardiness, perfectly tolerates the climate of the north of the middle zone.

It freezes a little in the St. Petersburg region in very harsh winters, although the frost resistance of the Manchurian apricot allows the plant to be planted in regions with a cold climate.

Apricot has an average self-fertility. The Manchurian variety provides enough of its own pollination and helps other varieties to increase yields. To do this, it is necessary to plant 3-4 shrubs on the site. If it was not planned to plant several plants, then other varieties are inoculated on one Manchurian apricot.

The tree begins to bloom in the spring in April-May. The Manchurian apricot variety is characterized by annual abundant flowering within 12 days. Harvest ripening term - July.

The shrub shows good yields even in stony areas. But if you plant a Manchurian apricot variety on fertile structured soil, then the plant will develop much better.

The first fruits appear 5-7 years after planting the seedling. The yield is high, the apricot bears fruit annually, consistently, without reducing performance. About 40 kg of ripe fruits are removed from one tree. Competent adherence to agrotechnical measures increases the yield to 45-50 kg from each Manchurian apricot.

The specificity of the taste of the Manchurian apricot variety is due to its decorative orientation. They have a peculiar sourness and a little bitter taste, but this does not affect the possibility of universal use. Apricots are consumed fresh, boiled - compotes, jams and preserves.

Attention! How to cook a fragrant apricot jam, you can learn from the article.

Experienced chefs find use for apricot pits. When fried, they successfully replace almonds and are used to prepare apricot oil. Due to its high fat content, the oil is used in cosmetology.

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The originators noted the weak resistance of the Manchurian apricot cultivar to aphids, mites, and cherry elephants. To prevent the spread of pests, it is necessary to use the appropriate means.

The most common diseases for the Manchurian apricot variety are spotting and verticellosis.

Among the advantages of an ornamental shrub, gardeners note:

1. Decent yield indicator. The number of fruits from one tree does not decrease with increasing age of the apricot.
2. High level of transportability. The apricot also tolerates loading and unloading well.
3. Keeping quality of fruits. Manchurian apricot is stored for a long time, without losing external and flavor parameters.
4. Resilience to climate change.
5. Immunity to a significant part of crop diseases and pests.
6. Decorativeness of the bush.

The disadvantages are the peculiar taste of the fruit - bitter-sour.

Important activities for a gardener when breeding a beautiful variety are planting and caring for Manchurian apricots.

Important! The planting should not be delayed, it is necessary to have time before the swelling of the fruit buds.

• walnut;
• plums;
• pears;
• apple trees;
• cherries;
• red rowan.

Before planting them:

1. Check by immersion in water. Floated instances are removed as unusable.
2. Stratified, in other words, stored at 0 ° C in damp sand and with good ventilation. The stratification period is 3 months.

Important! Seeds are checked to increase the percentage of germination.

Landing algorithm

Manchurian apricot care does not cause much trouble.

For the proper development of the plant, it is important to observe:

1. Watering. It must be timely, especially in the first year after planting. Frequency - once every 5-6 days. When the plant gets stronger, it is enough to water it only when the soil dries up.Overflow is dangerous because a large number of shoots will not be able to fully form before the onset of frost and will simply die.
2. Sanitary pruning. Obligatory annual procedure. It is important to remove dry, damaged and diseased branches, as well as excess growth in time. Pruning is done in early spring and autumn. You can learn more about pruning apricots in the article on this issue.
3. The bush is fed 2 times a year. In the spring - mineral compositions, in the fall it is good to add organic matter to the soil. In summer, food is brought in only when signs of a deficiency of certain substances appear.
4. Loosening of the near-stem circle and mulching.
5. Whitewashing the trunk. Garden whitewash is used with the addition of copper sulfate to protect against pests.
6. To insulate the trunk for the winter, a thick layer of mulch is laid.

• seeds (stratified);
• cuttings (green).

Cuttings.

The material is harvested in July, planted at the end of September. Cuttings are cut from strong branches, leaving 2-3 internodes and a couple of leaves.

Placed in a vessel with a stimulating solution for 15 hours at an air temperature of 24 ° C. The stock for the Manchurian apricot must be reliable.

It is selected from varieties adapted to the conditions of the region to ensure the longevity of the shrub and good yields.

Diseases to which the variety is susceptible

Pests

Conclusion

Apricot Manchurian has won appreciation for its unpretentiousness, decorativeness and productivity. Growing a rare variety is not difficult for novice gardeners who want to decorate their site with beautiful and useful plants.

Testimonials

Reviews of the Manchurian apricot prove the originality and usefulness of the variety.

Maria Ivanovna Selezneva, Moscow Region I have been growing apricots for a long time. I really like the decorativeness of Manchurian, especially in autumn. Began to bear fruit at the age of 6. The yield is high, stable annually. So that the indicator does not decrease, we plant the variety in a group. Thanks to this, the pollination of the Manchurian is easier.

Fruits are often mixed in blanks with other varieties. They add a spicy flavor. Be sure to hand over the bones for processing to obtain oil. We fry at home. The variety makes it possible to receive not only aesthetic pleasure, but also profit. Egor Plotnikov, Amur Region He planted his first Manchurian apricot seedlings on the site.

I really liked the variety for its unpretentiousness and ease of care. Now I grow for the sale of seedlings and delivery of seeds. I'm happy with the result. The productivity of the shrub is regular and high, there are no interruptions. There is almost no lunge of seedlings if the seeds are properly prepared. The plants are beautiful, many people like the peculiar taste of the fruit, so there is no shortage of customers. Gardeners are attracted by the opportunity to grow apricots in a region with a cold climate.

Apricot dried fruits

Dried or sun-dried fruits of the apricot tree have not lost their popularity for many centuries, and after all, once it was the only way people knew how to preserve them, so to speak. Such dried fruits do not lose their taste, preserving, and sometimes very brightly emphasizing the sourness and sweetness of a ripe fresh fruit.

Apricot even in dried form preserves a large amount of vitamins A and E, supplies our body with fiber, iron and potassium.

It is believed that organic dried apricot fruits are more brown, as when drying out - succumbing to direct sunlight, the fruits are oxidized, that is, they darken.There are several varieties of such a delicacy, and I'll tell you about them now.

Kaisa

So, the first type is Kaisa - a whole dried apricot fruit without a stone, which is taken out together with a hard stalk before the drying process.

Dried apricots

Well, with Dried apricots we are probably all familiar. So, these are fruit halves dried in the sun for 7-8 days, also pitted.

To get 1 kilogram of dried apricots, you need 3-4 kilograms of fresh apricots.

Dried apricots

Apricot - also dried whole, but already with a stone and from small varieties of apricot. Most often, such dried fruits are used to prepare compotes or "uzvar".

Ashtak

Ashtak is a dried fruit with a filling - it is dried whole, but without a bone, and later a nut-kernel is taken out of this very bone and put back into the dried fruit.

All these varieties of dried apricot can be safely called an oriental sweetness, and not only because of their names, but also because they are produced mainly in Turkey, especially apricots and dried apricots. As for the territory of the New World, the sunny American state of California is considered a monopoly producer of both fresh and dried apricots - 95% of all fruits of this type "go out to people" from its apricot orchards.

Care requirements

The plant does not require special care for itself. Timely watering, loosening the soil, removing weeds and mulching are important.

1. Watering is only important in the first year after planting. It should be done every 5-6 days. After the plant is fully formed, watering should be carried out as the soil dries. A large amount of moisture in the root system can lead to the fact that the shoots cannot form in time and die during winter frosts.
2. The choice of soil is optional, because such a variety is capable of showing high yields in any type of soil. You just need to choose for planting those areas with a lot of sunlight.
3. If you notice that the groundwater is very close to the root system, a drainage system should be installed. It is ideal to use a large layer of rubble to prevent water from reaching the roots.
4. The plant needs to remove old, dry or diseased branches. This is necessary for healthy shoots to form and receive the required amount of nutrients.

Manchurian apricot varieties need to periodically remove old, dry and diseased branches

Apricot oil

Apricot oil, squeezed from the "nut" of the apricot kernel, is mainly composed of oleic acid and linoleic acid, which are unsaturated fats. For several centuries, natural apricot oil has been used in both cosmetic and medical fields - the State Pharmacopoeia allowed it both for the preparation of injections, and as a good basis for fatty medicinal ointments.

This oil is added to a large number of cosmetic creams, especially for dry skin, and anti-aging creams, and masks for intense hydration and many hair care products. Its extract is also used.

As early as the mid-seventeenth century, apricot kernel oil was widely used to treat tumors, edema and ulcers. And already today the fact has been confirmed that a high concentration of substances such as laetrile and amygdalin in it help in the prevention of cancer.

Diseases and pests

You can get rid of a spider mite using special insecticides "Regent" or "Tabu". You can fight the cherry elephant with a manganese solution. Aphids are removed with medicinal preparations.

Of the diseases, verticellosis and spotting are considered the main enemies. To get rid of verticellosis permanently, you can use a soapy solution. It is possible to fight spotting with the help of the Hom preparation.

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Features

Common apricot is a thermophilic fruit tree. Height - 3-6 m, trunk diameter up to 30 cm. Leaves are heart-shaped, length - 4-9 cm. Flowers are large, pink, sometimes white. The fruit is large, round or slightly flattened from the sides, with one large stone, juicy, sweet. Fruit color - from pale yellow to red-orange. Apricot blooms in March-April before the leaves open. The fruits ripen in June-July.

Follow-up care of the culture

Apricot Manchurian belongs to the species of deciduous plants of the genus Plum. It reproduces quite easily, but it is still listed in the Red Book as a rare species. The description of the Manchurian apricot variety should start with the external characteristics. It is the attractive decorative appearance of the bush that is the reason for the popularity of the variety among gardeners.

Filigree leaves reach a size of 12 cm. The shape of the leaf plates resembles a wide oval with a pointed top. The color of the plates changes depending on the season. In summer, the upper part of the leaf is bright green, the lower is dark green. When autumn comes, the leaves turn yellow-red.

1. Watering. It must be timely, especially in the first year after planting. Frequency - once every 5-6 days. When the plant gets stronger, it is enough to water it only when the soil dries up. Overflow is dangerous because a large number of shoots will not be able to fully form before the onset of frost and will simply die.
2. Sanitary pruning. Mandatory annual procedure. It is important to remove dry, damaged and diseased branches, as well as excess growth in time. Pruning is done in early spring and autumn. You can learn more about pruning apricots in the article on this issue.
3. The bush is fed 2 times a year. In the spring - mineral compositions, in the fall it is good to add organic matter to the soil. In summer, food is brought in only when signs of a deficiency of certain substances appear.
4. Loosening of the near-stem circle and mulching.
5. Whitewashing the trunk. Garden whitewash is used with the addition of copper sulfate to protect against pests.
6. To insulate the trunk for the winter, a thick layer of mulch is laid.

Chemical composition and calorie content

Nutritional value per 100 g of raw products is 44 kcal.

This amount accounts for:

• proteins 0.9 g;
• fat 0.1 g;
• carbohydrates 9 g;
• water 86.2 g;
• dietary fiber 2.1 g;
• polyunsaturated fatty acids (Omega-6) 0.077 g;
• saturated fatty acids 0.027 g;
• essential amino acids (arginine, valine, leucine, lysine, methionine, threonine, etc.) 0.221 g;
• nonessential amino acids (alanine, aspartic acid, serine, tyrosine, etc.) 0.367 g.

Chemical composition:

Characteristics of the Manchurian apricot variety, description of frost resistance and care of the seedling

The second positive quality suitable for gardeners is endurance. Apricot varieties Manchzhurskiy has high resistance to temperature changes. It easily tolerates drought and significant drops in temperature. Shows high winter hardiness, perfectly tolerates the climate of the north of the middle zone.

1. Decent yield indicator. The number of fruits from one tree does not decrease with increasing age of the apricot.
2. High level of transportability. The apricot also tolerates loading and unloading well.
3. Keeping quality of fruits. The Manchurian apricot is stored for a long time, without losing external and taste parameters.
4. Resilience to climate change.
5. Immunity to a significant part of crop diseases and pests.
6. Decorativeness of the bush.

Thanks to the Manchurian variety, gardeners and landscape decorators of the plots were able to create a hedge that separates the garden plot from natural reservoirs.The powerful root system of the Manchurian apricot is not only not afraid of a large amount of water, it is able to strengthen the coastline. The winter-hardy variety is a stock for many northern apricot varieties.

Description of the variety

Despite all the advantages of the Manchurian, I would like to start the description of the variety with its decorative qualities. During flowering, the tree looks more like sakura than a traditional apricot, which was the goal of breeders.

The crown resembles a white-pink ball, consisting of inflorescences of large white-pink buds (up to 2.5 cm in diameter). During the fruiting period, the color of the tree appears yellow due to the large number of fruits, and in the fall it turns crimson.

Reddened leaves (5-12 cm in size) stay on the branches until late autumn.

Inconvenient for the gardener is a tall dark brown tree trunk, reaching 15 meters in height, which is uncommon for varietal fruit trees.

The trunk of an adult plant is 50 cm in diameter, the bark on it is similar in characteristics to a cork tree, deep cracks are not a disease, but a feature of the species.

The endurance and strength of the root system, which extends several meters underground, assumes planting at a distance from buildings.

Attention! Apricots do not tolerate being close to currant and raspberry bushes. All other plants cannot grow next to a giant that drains, dehydrates the earth.

Despite these features of the root system, when transplanting, the Manchurian apricot seedling is deepened so that the root collar rises 2-3 cm above the ground.

Fruit:

• oval shape;
• slightly flattened from the sides;
• length 4-5 cm;
• weight 20 g;
• light orange color;
• the skin is velvety.

The tree bears fruit abundantly, but the taste of its fruits is called specific. Sweet and sour fruits are perfect for eating raw and for preparing winter preparations - compotes, jams, confitures, preserves.

Breeding history

The work on improving the Manchzhurskiy variety has been going on for a long time in the Chinese branch of the research center of the Russian Federation.

The main task of the scientists was to create a decorative apricot with signs of Japanese sakura for central Russia.

The goal was achieved, as evidenced by the entry of the plant into the state register in 2005. Fruiting was not a priority.

Unpretentiousness, ease of care, high decorative characteristics, powerful root system are the indisputable advantages of the variety.

As a rootstock, Manchurian apricot is used to improve the quality of other varieties of winter-hardy apricots.

The disadvantages can be considered the height of the tree, which complicates the harvest and pruning of the crown. Bitter taste reduces the tasting characteristics of the fruit.

Characteristics

The characteristics of the Manchurian variety, which served as a stock for Ivan Vladimirovich Michurin for his experiments, differ significantly from those of the plant of the same name, adapted for regions of temperate climates.

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Where and how it grows, description

The real homeland of apricot is Armenia. Because of this, the plant is often called the "Armenian plum". The domestication of apricot made this fruit a national symbol of Armenia. The plant is actively grown in almost any climate: from temperate to subtropical.

Common apricot is a tree of medium height, with a wide crown. Main characteristics:

• in young seedlings, the bark is smooth, with age it becomes rough, cracking. Young seedlings are covered with shiny bark with protruding reddish-brown lenticels;
• leaf petiole, round or ovoid, dark green in color;
• blooms from March to April. The flowers are single, white-pink in color, have a pleasant aroma. The plant is a good honey plant.

The apricot fruit has the same name as the tree. This is a juicy, oblong-shaped odnostianka, similar to a plum. Has a characteristic yellow-red, "apricot" color. The thin skin is distinguished by a velvet "edge". The pulp is tender, juicy, inside there is a flat bone with a dark brown skin.

Bloom

Manchurian apricot begins to bloom in April. The flowers are distinguished by a beautiful pale pink hue and their size (they are much larger than that of cultivated apricot varieties). They are located on the tree both singly and in small bunches. Flowers are sessile or have a very small stalk, appear on the tree before the leaves.

Flowering does not last long, like all apricot trees: only two weeks, but if the weather is not sunny and the air is cool, flowering may last for several days.

Apricot bloom begins in April

The best varieties for the Krasnodar Territory

If the apricot variety is early, then it is important to take into account the climatic features of the area. Under favorable conditions, the grafted seedling quickly enters the fruiting phase. Most varieties of apricots are self-pollinated. Popular for cultivation:

Harogem apricot variety

Mid-late culture of Canadian selection. The plant has large fruits with a fleshy fibrous pulp, bright orange in color with a rich, red blush. The fruits ripen at the end of July. Resistant to temperature extremes. Tolerates frost.

• fruit weight 70 g;
• not afraid of frost;
• yield 4+;
• suitable for all regions.

Apricot Kherson

The frost-resistant crop is popular for backyard cultivation. Popular with gardeners for its pleasant taste. The fruit has a firm skin and delicate pulp, medium weight and characteristic aroma. Suitable for the preparation of winter preparations and fresh consumption. Easily transported in small boxes.

• yield 5+;
• disease resistance;
• average percentage of sugar content;
• pleasant taste.

Apricot Surprise

The culture is obtained from an elite seedling. Breeders crossed the apricot seedling with the sample Amber. The crown of the tree is slightly spreading. The fruit is heavy and ripens at the end of July. The color is orange-red with crimson on the side. The skin is dense, pubescent, velvety.

• yield 5+;
• cold resistance;
• sweet and sour taste.

The largest varieties

They differ in the large size of the fruit with juicy fleshy pulp.

Red-cheeked

One of the oldest varieties that needs a lot of sun, therefore it is grown only in the southern regions. It has excellent self-pollination properties. The tree grows up to 12 m in height, which makes harvesting difficult, but up to 100 kg of fruit are removed from it.

The first harvest takes 3-4 years, sometimes 5-7 years. The fruits of the Krasnoshekiy variety are large, bright yellow, red dots appear in the sun. For transportation, they are removed unripe. The disadvantage of the variety is the intolerance of recurrent frosts.

Pearl

Czech variety with an average fruit ripening period. It has a number of advantages - self-pollination, large-fruited, resistance to moniliosis, high yield, fruit transportability.

Medium-sized tree, compact. Fruits (100 g) with a dense carmine blush. The pulp is honeyed, crispy and aromatic. The variety has high frost resistance.

Early

A variety with a "telling" name - it indicates the ripening period of the fruit. This is the result of the selection of Ukrainian scientists. Large fruits are harvested from the end of June.

The pulp is sweet. Thanks to the dense skin, they perfectly tolerate long-distance transportation. The yield is increased. The variety is picky about care, with insufficient watering and feeding, the fruits become smaller and lose their sweetness.

Dawn of the East

A zoned apricot variety, grown in Turkmenistan and Crimea.The tree is tall, the crown is spreading. Fruits of irregular shape - weighing up to 60 g, with a deep abdominal seam and a strong raspberry blush.

This is a partially self-fertile variety, so helpers will be needed. The first fruits are obtained after 3 years. Winter hardiness and resistance to fungal diseases are average. In the gardens of the Crimea, apricots ripen from July 15, in Central Asia a little earlier - in the second half of June.

Farmingdale

The variety is the result of the work of American breeders. The tree is tall, self-pollinated. The first fruits appear 3-4 years after planting of seedlings.

It boasts immunity to moniliosis, bacterial blight and rust. Average winter hardiness. The fruits are orange with a slight pinkish blush.

Aviator

Crimean variety with fruits above average (up to 55 g). A vigorous tree has a dense pyramidal crown. The skin is firm, thin, its color varies from light yellow to creamy orange, there is a slight raspberry blush.

The pulp is sweet. It begins to bear fruit only for 5-6 years. The fruits ripen on July 10-20. The yield is average, but stable. The advantages of the variety are high rates of drought resistance, winter hardiness and resistance to fungal diseases. The variety is picky about growing conditions.

Crimean cupid

Self-fertile variety that does not require pollinators. The tree is fast-growing, begins to bear fruit in 5-6 years. High-yielding. The fruits themselves have a deep ventral seam and thin skin, dark orange in color with a blurred blush. They are highly durable.

Since this variety belongs to late ripening, spring frosts are not terrible for him. But the tree does not tolerate high humidity, so it is better not to plant it in the lowlands, it is not resistant to fungal diseases, it requires a lot of light and heat.

Planting hole preparation

When preparing the landing holes, it is important to take into account the following nuances:

• For ordinary soil, a hole is dug at least 60-70 cm deep, for fertile soil - 50 cm.
• At the bottom of the pit, crushed stone or large pebbles should be laid out as drainage
• Apply fertilizers to the prepared soil, before that it is recommended to sift it, lay a layer on top of the drainage embankment.

The size of the seedling pit is 80 * 80 cm.

Humus, superphosphate, wood ash are used as fertilizers.

The most favorable conditions for apricot are where ash or pear grows nearby.

Unique black apricots

Gardeners who decide to cultivate unusual trees should pay attention to the types of black apricots. Unique fruits - hybrids of apricots with cherry plum first appeared in the Caucasus. Using Michurin's experience, modern agronomists have grown frost-resistant varieties of an unusual shade:

• Dwarf Mouse. Sweet and sour fruits are grown in an orchard or in tubs, making wood an accent in the interior of the gazebo;
• Black velvet. Despite winter hardiness, it can freeze over. A productive type of apricot with small but sweet fruits;
• Kuban black. It has a low yield, but the tasty fruits with sourness are worth the effort.

Black apricot is cultivated in Russian conditions, moreover, caring for it is similar to the rules for caring for frost-resistant species.

Regulatory pruning of a mature tree from the age of 5

Most apricots begin to bear fruit at the age of 4–5 years. Regulatory pruning is carried out from the 6th year, this has a positive effect on the yield.

1. At the ends of the branches of the first and second order, 2-3 annual shoots are left for fruiting, shortening them by a third.
2. A replacement knot should be located between them - the most developed shoot shortened to 10 cm.
3. On branches older than 4 years old, the sprouted branches are cut to a second-order or skeletal shoot, and they, in turn, are cut into 6-8 buds.

This pruning is done annually until the tree needs rejuvenation.

Photo gallery

Growing

The apricot is winter-hardy (good), but sometimes in severe winters (especially in February - March) flower buds, as well as blossoming flowers, can be damaged as a result of April frosts. Highly drought tolerant (excellent), but in case of prolonged droughts, it sheds part of the leaves. Resistant to diseases and pests (4-satisfactory), but in recent years, wilting of leaves and flowers has been observed sporadically, followed by partial drying of the young growth. In the future, the damaged crown is well restored, no noticeable damage to the growth and development of the plant is observed. Blossoms in mid to late April, bears fruit in July, regularly (good). Photophilous, undemanding to soil, salt-resistant, dust-resistant and gas-resistant.

Agrotechnics

Reproduction

Propagated by seeds.

Common apricot Apricot Sorts

When grown from seeds, apricot gives many forms, differing in terms of flowering, color of flowers, shape, color and taste of fruits.

Planting apricots in open ground

For planting an apricot tree, choose an elevated location in a calm place. Placement on the sunny side of the site is also important.

Planting common apricots in open ground

The key aspect is good air permeability of the soil, because the root system of the tree needs to ensure air circulation. Soil composition for apricot: chernozems are a winning option. The most favorable for apricot will be neutral or slightly acidic soil.

What time to plant

The most favorable season for planting an apricot tree is autumn.

Planting an apricot tree in autumn is best to start in the first decade of October.

The apricot tree can be planted in the spring: you need to start the procedure in April or closer to May.

Spring planting

The main task is to carry out the process before the beginning of the growing season of the plant.

In the autumn, a place should be prepared for the subsequent planting of the apricot plant. Mineral nutrients must be added to the soil.

Drainage should be taken care of. Soil composition: upper chernozem, humus, wood ash. You can also lime the soil. Parts of the composition must be thoroughly mixed and covered with a layer of earth.

Autumn planting

Before planting the apricot, it is advisable to measure the site. It is important to determine in advance how many plants and where you can plant.

Autumn planting of apricot

Pits for planting in the fall are prepared at least 1-2 weeks before planting the apricot in the soil. During this time, the earth will settle in the prepared place, which will greatly simplify the correct placement of the plant.

Do apricot trees need pruning and why

The apricot is one of the fruit trees that are unable to ration the harvest by dropping the ovaries. The more the crown grows, the less fruit is formed on the branches (nutrients go mainly to the green mass). They do not receive enough heat and light, therefore they become smaller, the taste deteriorates sharply. There are other reasons why a tree needs regular pruning:

• the overgrown tree looks very sloppy, spoiling the view on the site, it is inconvenient to care for it;
• branches often break under the weight of the harvest;
• apricots gradually move to the periphery of the crown, it becomes much more difficult to collect fruits;
• thickened crown is poorly blown by the wind, stale humid air is a very suitable environment for many insects, spores of fungi, bacteria, viruses.

The volume and quality of the apricot harvest directly depends on how regularly and competently pruning is carried out.

The type of trimming is determined by its purpose:

• forming (immediately after planting, they begin to form a crown of the desired configuration);
• regulating (maintaining the resulting configuration in proper form, increasing the yield);
• sanitary ("ballast" is removed - broken, dried out, frozen branches, infected with diseases and affected by insects);
• rejuvenating (needed for old trees, prolongs their productive period).

Video: basic tips for pruning apricots

Diseases of the apricot tree

For apricot, two diseases pose a serious danger:

• The first disease is moniliosis. With it, flowers, shoots dry up and the fruits themselves rot.
• The second disease is klyastersporiosis. Brown spots appear on the leaves, which turn into holes.

Apricot, of course, has other diseases, but only these are noted in the middle lane. They are caused by rains and long-term cloudy weather. To prevent disease, you need complete care and protection.

Often, the fruit is susceptible to fungal diseases, which develop due to improper location, excessive soil moisture, etc. Let's consider the most common causes of ailments.

Why do apricot fruits rot on a tree and what to do

The cause of the disease is gray rot of stone fruits, which is a rapidly spreading disease. It is accompanied by the appearance of small gray ulcers on the surface of the fetus. You can deal with the problem by spraying before flowering, as well as after it, with a 1% solution of Bordeaux liquid. It is also recommended to spray the branches with Natrafen in spring.

Rotting can also cause clasterosporium disease, characterized by massive spread to branches, fruits of the fruit. The method of fighting is the same as with gray mold.

Why does the apricot tree dry

There may be several reasons for this:

• Apoplexy is a bacterial infection caused by warm winters and spring frosts. Due to unfavorable weather conditions, the inner cells of the fruit die, provoking a gradual death of the shoots.
• Moniliozon is a burn on the surface of a plant caused by a change in weather in the spring. The symptoms of the disease are drilling, drying of foliage, shoots. Subsequently, fruit rot develops. As a fight, prophylaxis, a three percent solution of Bordeaux mixture is used. At the first symptoms, the fruit must be treated with Topaz or Topsin-M. Damaged shoots must be removed.
• Cytosporosis is a fungal disease manifested by the appearance of numerous gray-brown bumps on the bark of a tree. From disease foliage, branches dry up. As a prophylaxis, a solution of Bordeaux mixture is used, the affected areas are destroyed.

It should be noted that, despite the abundance of various diseases, the main component of the success of a bountiful harvest and healthy fruit is regular prevention.

Typical mistakes of a novice gardener

An inexperienced gardener may well unintentionally harm or even destroy a tree by his actions:

• The use of blunt instruments leads to the formation of "tattered", long-healing cuts, and neglect of their disinfection leads to infection with all kinds of diseases. Untreated (without washing with a solution of fungicide or potassium permanganate, smearing with garden varnish) slices are a "gate" for pests.
• Violation of the timing of pruning sharply worsens the immunity of the apricot. He becomes more susceptible to the vagaries of the weather and negative features of the local climate, more often freezes in winter.
• The "stumps" left in place of the branches are often the reason for the formation of deep hollows.
• Ignoring the principle of priority (the lower skeletal branches should be longer than the upper ones) leads to a decrease in yield, since the lower level of the sparse-tiered crown does not have enough light and heat. An overly set first tier greatly complicates apricot care and harvesting.

The basic requirements for all tools used for pruning any fruit tree - they must be sharply sharpened and disinfected, this also applies to apricot

Without regular pruning, the crown of the apricot grows heavily, which negatively affects the volume and quality of the crop. Therefore, it is an integral part of tree care.But the procedure will do more harm than good if it is done at the wrong time or if the wrong branches are removed. You need to familiarize yourself with the rules for pruning in advance and make sure that you understand everything.

Autumn care: what is its peculiarity

The main task of the gardener is to prepare for wintering. The question arises: how to properly prune an autumn apricot? Locate and cut off any injured stems that have been damaged by disease.

When the leaves fall off, the site is cleared of residues, and the soil in the near-trunk circle is dug up. Preventive spraying will not be superfluous - it will help to deal with pathogens that could take refuge for the winter.

Features of growing apricot (video)

Apricot recipes

Apricot jam (jam)

• 1 kg of apricots will be peeled and pitted. Cut into small pieces.
• Place the pulp in a saucepan along with 500 g of gelling sugar and a bag of citric acid and bring to a boil.
• Boil for about 5 minutes, purée if necessary.
• In a skillet without oil, lightly fry 50 g of thinly sliced ​​almonds.
• Add 4 tbsp to the jam. l. Amaretto and almonds, mix well.
• Then pour the mass into special glass jars washed with hot water and roll up.

Tip: for long-term storage, it is necessary to fill the cans to the very edges so that a minimum of air gets in.

Apricot pie

• Wash 1 kg of apricot, dry, break into halves, remove seeds.
• Beat 200 g of butter with 200 g of sugar, 1 packet of vanilla sugar and a pinch of salt. Add 3 eggs and 125 ml of egg liqueur, one at a time. At the end, gently mix with flour, 1 sachet of vanilla pudding powder and baking powder.
• Put the dough in a detachable form, greased and sprinkled with bread crumbs. Stick the halves of the fruit into it and bake for an hour at 175 ° C. Determine the readiness with a wooden stick.
• When the apricot pie has cooled, sprinkle with icing sugar and garnish with whipped cream.

Canned apricot compote

• Wash the apricots, dry a little, carefully divide into halves, remove the seeds. Fill clean 2-liter cans by about a third.
• Boil 3 liters of water, add 3 cups of sugar (600 g) and bring to a boil again. Pour the fruit over them. The required amount of syrup is easy to calculate after the first pour.
• Cover the jars and sterilize in a deep saucepan filled with hot water for 10 minutes. Then pull out, roll up, turn over. Wrap well and do not touch until cool.

Tip: for canning, the fruits must be slightly unripe, otherwise they will fall apart.

Early ripening apricots

These trees are very popular with gardeners, as they have time to mature in the north of their tolerance region. The tolerance region is a certain set of territories where the tested varieties of apricots show the greatest resistance to the external environment and give a stable and plentiful harvest. Early varieties of apricot also have disadvantages, they are afraid of cold and rainy springs. Early apricots delight every year with their excellent taste, the harvest can be harvested from the third decade of June. The fruits of this group are eaten fresh. Early varieties include: Zhigulevsky Souvenir, Kiev Early, Bryansk Early, Tsunami, Earley Blash, etc.

Ulyanikhinsky variety

Feels great in the Central Black Earth Region

The variety is obtained by crossing the apricot Comrade with the apricot Sacer, and then with the apricot Red-cheeked. The tree is fast growing and has a tendency to grow. This apricot is medium-sized, reaching 4 m in height. He does not like waterlogging, therefore, soil moisture control is necessary. Gives a bountiful annual harvest. With an excessive harvest, the fruits become smaller. The apricot is yellow in color with a red blush turning into dots. The fruits have a juicy, sweet and pleasant taste and are estimated at 4.0 points. Their size ranges from 26 to 33 g.The bone is easily separated from the pulp. Good transportability. The tree is winter-hardy, and also has a high resistance to pests and fungi. Feels great in the Central Black Earth Region. Self-fertile apricot for table and dessert purposes.

Variety Alyosha

Fruits are small, have a pleasant sweet and sour taste

Fast-growing medium-sized tree, reaching 4 m in height. Annually gives root shoots, which should be harvested so that the yield does not decrease. The crown is dense, spreading. Fruits are small, yellow with a reddish coating, slightly pubescent, weighing an average of 13–20 g. The pulp is yellow, dense, with a pleasant sweet and sour taste, estimated at 4.0 points. The stone is rather large, does not stick to the ripened pulp. The fruits are well kept. Average yield. A winter-hardy variety for universal use. Begins fruiting in the third year.

Sibiryak Baikalov variety

Self-fertility is low, the best pollinators are Sayansky and Gorny Abakan

To obtain this apricot, a seedling of an unknown Far Eastern variety was used. Specially bred for the south of Siberia. The tree is low, up to 4 m in height, the crown is spherical, spreading. Self-fertility is low, it is better to use pollinators of northern varieties (for example, Sayansky and Gorny Abakan). Begins to bear fruit from the third year. Withstands cold winters and produces bountiful harvests. The tree is demanding to care for. Fruits are round, yellow-orange, with a blush and medium pubescence, weight in the range of 27–35 g. Fleshy and sweet on the palate, score 4.8 points. Apricot for universal use.

An apricot sapling of the Sibiryak Baikalova variety was bought three years ago in the Gardening store. And now the first year he pleases us with the first harvest. Many are surprised that this thermophilic plant grows in Siberia. This is the merit of our Abakan breeder and Honored Agronomist of Russia Ivan Leontyevich Baikalov. All over Khakassia, his apricots grow; he devoted almost 50 years of his life to breeding winter-hardy varieties. His name is entered in the Russian Book of Records. He's already quite old, but he still spends his days on his apricot plantation. If in the south apricots ripen in June, then ours only in August, but they are good in taste, and surpass the southern ones in beauty.
ira_nad

Iceberg variety

Recognized as one of the best varieties for growing in the Moscow region

The variety is obtained as a result of free pollination. The tree is fast-growing, with an average height of 3–3.5 m, a crown of medium density. It starts bearing fruit in the third year. Apricot requires regular feeding. In the spring there is a risk of contracting fungal diseases. Leaves are ovoid with a pointed end, green in color, smooth to the touch, shine in the sun. The flower petals are white. The tree produces an average yield. Fruits are roundish yellow-orange in color with a reddish coating and light pubescence, with an average weight of 18-22 g, transportable. The pulp is yellow in color, tastes sweet and sour, but juicy and pleasant, the tasters rated it at 4.0 points. The stone is not large, it is easily separated. The tree is resistant to winter. Recognized as one of the best varieties for growing in the Moscow region. The fruits have a universal purpose.

Dionysus variety

Has a very early ripening period

Apricot of the Crimean selection. The tree grows quickly, reaches a medium height, the crown is spreading and dense. The first harvest can be obtained in the third or fourth year. The tree has low frost resistance and moderate drought resistance. The leaves are small, round, smooth and “play” in the sun. Fruits are creamy yellow, with rare carmine blotches, slightly pubescent, weight ranges from 32 to 36 g. Sweet pulp with slight sourness, score 4.0 points. The stone is small, does not stick to the pulp. Apricots lie well and can be transported. It ripens very early. The tree is fruitful for dining purposes.

Choosing apricot seedlings

Saplings with cherry plum, plum and some varieties of wild cherry are less sensitive to temporary flooding of the root system.

It is ideal to plant the apricot on the plum. For grafting, the most resistant to frost and disease varieties of plums are chosen.

Seedlings grafted onto peaches or almonds have less resistance to diseases and soil features, low temperatures.

Low-growing apricots grow out of a blackthorn scion. Such seedlings reach a height of up to 3 m, are maximally resistant to cold winters and windy autumn. They are distinguished by high survival rate, compact tree crown shape.

If you plant an apricot on a stock of a local tree, it is highly likely that the plant will adapt to the peculiarities of climatic conditions.

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Late ripening apricots

Harvesting of late varieties of apricots takes place from early August to early September. These varieties are not afraid of sudden spring frosts, since the flowers bloom much later. The fruits have dense flesh, therefore they are well stored. They are eaten fresh or used for conservation. Late-ripening varieties: Edelweiss, Hargrand, Kompotny, Rattle, Sardonyx, Northern Lights, Hardy, Comrade.

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Variety Monastyrsky

Good shelf life, up to 2 weeks at low temperatures without loss of presentation

A fast-growing tree of medium height with a spreading crown of medium density. It bears fruit already in the third year. The leaves are large, ovoid, dark green, smooth and shiny. Fruits are oval, pubescent, yellow with a red blush, weighing 22-30 g. There are harvests with fruits in 50 g. Good keeping quality, up to 2 weeks at low temperatures without losing the presentation. The pulp is sweet and sour, yellow in color, aromatic, the tasters rated it at 4.0 points. The stone is large, it is separated from the pulp with effort. The tree is resistant to moniliosis. A winter-hardy variety for universal use.

Kunach variety

Not a demanding variety with intermittent fruiting

The variety is obtained by free pollination of Dessert apricot. It grows slowly, of medium size with a flat-round crown of medium density. Begins fruiting at the age of three. Leaves are medium, round, light green, matte. Fruits are medium and medium pubescent, round, yellow, weighing 30 g. The pulp is yellow-orange, slightly coarse, gristly, sweet and sour taste, score 4.2 points. The stone is medium in size, well separated from the pulp. The frequency of fruiting is observed. Winter-hardy, undemanding universal variety.

Samarskiy variety

Possesses high winter hardiness of wood and flower buds

The tree has a medium height and a spreading crown. Fruits begin to bear only from the fourth year of life. The leaves are dark green, smooth, ovoid. Fruits are small, oval, yellow, with an average weight of 17–18 g. The pulp is sweet and sour, firm, light orange.The taste of the apricot is estimated at 4.4 points. The bone does not stick to the pulp. Apricots stick well to the tree, do not crumble when overripe. The variety is partially self-fertile. Drought-resistant. Possesses high winter hardiness of wood and flower buds. A high-yielding multi-purpose variety.