Types and varieties of fieldfare with photos and names
4 types of this shrub are cultivated:
Fieldfare felt sorbaria tomentosa
The bush grows up to 6 meters, if it is not cut for 6-7 years, it grows in the mountains of East Asia. This species is not frost-hardy, it does not have a flowering period.
Mountain ash sorbaria arborea
It grows slowly, in 10 years it grows up to 5-6 meters, adapted to the climate of the middle zone, tolerates frosty winters well. Blooms most of summer with white small flowers, inflorescences are large, pyramidal in shape.
Varieties and varieties of culture
Among all the variety of plants of this species, it is widely known fieldfare mountain ash... Caring for him is simple, as is planting, as well as reproduction. In the spring, such a bush becomes a bright green-pink spot in the garden, in the summer it gives a lush bloom of cream or snow-white panicle flowers against a background of lush green foliage, and from September its crown is painted in deep red and even burgundy shades. It grows actively in the cold regions of Russia, including Siberia, tolerates temperature drops and frosts perfectly. It takes root well on the banks of reservoirs, withstanding short flooding. But it is less resistant to extreme heat, therefore, it requires frequent watering in the summer season. Lack of water will simply stop the growth of the culture and eventually lead to its death.
The most popular types of fieldfare and their description:
- Sam... A small round-shaped shrub, reaching a height of 1.5 m. Single copper leaves appear on its light green branches in early March. Then they turn golden.
- Felt... This variety of fieldfare has dense, spreading foliage and is widely used in landscape design, although it does not bloom. It occurs naturally in the mountainous regions of Southeast Asia. In severe, persistent frosts, it requires a mandatory cover in the form of a polyethylene cape.
- Pallas... A compact shrub that blooms in small rounded clusters. Grows on mountain slopes near the Alps. Its green branches, unlike other varieties, do not change color throughout the year. Young shoots are quite fragile, often turn black and dry, therefore they require periodic pruning.
- Tree-like (Kirillova). The plant of this variety grows up to 5-6 m in height. It actively blooms all summer with paniculate snow-white inflorescences, similar to elongated pyramids, and in winter it withstands a drop in temperature to -25 degrees. Its neat foliage is slightly raised above the ground.
Fieldfare Sam
Fieldfare Pallas
Fieldfare tree-like
Flowering varieties are excellent honey plants that attract large swarms of bees and beetles. Large fluffy panicle flowers have long stamens with pollen. In summer, the plant is actively pollinated, it gives root shoots all year round, thus multiplying and creating picturesque green thickets.
Botanical reference
The mountain ash field in landscape design is readily used by both professionals and amateurs. The plant got its name due to the obvious similarity of the shape of the leaves with the well-known mountain ash. Deciduous shrub can be described by the following parameters:
- In an adult state, the bush reaches a height of 2-3 m with a crown diameter of up to 2 m.
- The plant is unpretentious, fast-growing, with a lush spreading crown.
- The bush is formed by many erect shoots up to 1.5 cm thick.
- The leaves reach 15-28 cm in length, consist of 12-23 leaflets that are more elongated and pointed in shape than those of mountain ash.
- The flowers are white, with a slight yellow tinge, medium-sized (10-12 mm), have a pleasant aroma. Flowers are collected in pyramidal panicle inflorescences, 25 cm in length. Each flower has long stamens with anthers, which makes the inflorescences look fluffy.
- Flowering lasts in June-July, the fruit is a polysperm.
Fieldfare inflorescence
Features of fieldfare
Fieldfare is a deciduous shrub that can reach a height of about 3 meters. He can form very beautiful dense thickets, because he has many root shoots. Cranked-sinuous stems are colored gray-yellow. The composition of odd-pinnate complex leaf plates includes from 9 to 13 pairs of double-serrate or serrate leaves. Pyramidal panicle inflorescences consist of many small flowers of cream or white color. The fruit is a leaflet.
Such a shrub in landscape design is used to create group and single plantings, and it is also used for hedges, for decorating ponds, and also for strengthening the slopes.
Fieldfare propagation
There are two effective ways:
- Reproduction by layering from the bush. In the spring, they gently bend the lower branch to the ground, attach it so that part of the branch with buds is immersed in the ground. In the summer, the branch is watered and fed, closer to autumn a developed root system appears on it, this part with roots is separated from the tree with a lump of earth and rooted in a new place. Such layers take root well and grow quickly.
- For reproduction by semi-lignified shoots from a shrub in June, green shoots with a lignified base are cut off, cut into cuttings with an oblique incision from the bottom. The lower part is freed from leaves by 5 cm, the top is pinched, the ends are treated with a root-forming substance: a solution of heteroauxin or "root" powder, planted in fertile soil, regularly watered and fed. When new leaves appear, cuttings can be planted outdoors.
Care features
Growing mountain ash in the garden is not particularly troublesome. Basic care consists of the following stages:
- Watering should be distributed so that the soil around the plant is always moist.
- It is also necessary to constantly keep the soil loose. This will allow air to flow freely to the roots.
- Grooming includes pruning. They spend it in the spring. The procedure allows you to control the height and width of the shrub. In addition, the plant takes on a well-groomed appearance. For example, if plantings of fieldfare are used as a hedge, then it is enough to leave shoots 1 m high. Flowers grow on a new growth, so pruning does not affect their quality and quantity.
Advice. Cut off sections of shoots can be used for propagation of shrubs by cuttings.
- The rowan-leaved variety does not require any warming before wintering in the open field. It is quite hardy and does not get damaged even in very cold winters.
Features and benefits
A shrub belonging to the rosaceous family has a number of features that must be considered when buying a seedling; the significant ones include:
- Frost resistance. The plant can withstand frosts down to -30 ° C. In the frosty winter of the north-western region in the open ground, protection is required - shelter with spruce branches.
- The growing season begins in early spring.
- The mountain ash-leaved field grows well on wet and infertile (sandy) soils. Although an adult plant is considered photophilous, it grows well in partial shade. The bush does not tolerate drought well, losing its decorative effect; in extreme heat it needs watering.
The fieldfare is a real gift for novice amateur gardeners. The plant quickly shoots and grows successfully not only in rural areas, but also in urban conditions (annual growth - up to 10-12 cm). It tolerates transplanting well and the annual spring haircut, carried out for sanitary and rejuvenating purposes.
Mountain ash sapling
Although in nature fieldfare can also propagate by seeds, it is so difficult to grow it at home. A faster and more productive way of propagation is by cuttings (root or shoots). The plant is cultivated due to a number of positive qualities:
How to plant a plant correctly
Planting mountain ash in the open field does not present any particular difficulties. But in order for the plant to grow actively and look decorative, some details should be taken into account:
- The fieldfare, even if it is provided with minimal care, feels good both in the sun and in shade. The ideal location for the landing is the eastern side of the site.
- All varieties of fieldfare love moist soil. However, everything should be in moderation. Growing a plant in swampy areas is fraught with disease, and even death. In any case, a drainage device is required.
Advice. In the soil, in the place where the planting will be carried out, it is advisable to apply organic fertilizer in advance. This will accelerate the growth of fieldfare.
Directly planting a bush is as follows:
- In early spring, when the leaves have not yet blossomed, or in late autumn, when they have already fallen, they dig a hole in the open ground 40 cm deep and at least 80 cm wide.
- The bottom is covered with any suitable drainage material.
- A little soil is poured on top, into which a nitrogen-containing fertilizer is mixed.
- Place the seedling in the hole so that the root system is not hampered by anything.
- Carefully cover the roots with earth. Lightly rammed. Planting fieldfare
- A hole is formed around the trunk.
- After planting, good watering is required.
Attention! It should be borne in mind that mountain ash has the ability to grow uncontrollably. Therefore, it is advisable to install root restraints immediately after planting.
Mountain ash (Sorbaria sorbifolia)
The mountain ash-leaved field is a spreading shrub with a fast growth rate. Its disadvantage is its tendency to creep, therefore, when planting, its root system must be limited. Unpretentious, suitable for planting on any soil. Fieldfare has high winter hardiness and lush two-week flowering. Its paniculate inflorescences reach a length of 20 cm. In a dry season, it can be affected by a spider mite, therefore, during this period, it requires abundant watering and spraying. Photophilous, but tolerates light shading conditions, is resistant to urban conditions, tolerates a haircut well. The mountain ash is widely used in landscaping city parks as a hedge and in group plantings.
| Crown shape: | rounded, spreading |
| Needle color: | light green |
| Autumn color | yellow-red |
| Flowers: | white |
| Flowering period: | June July |
| 5 years | 10 years | maximum | |
| Height, m | 2.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 |
| Crown diameter, m | 3.00 | 4.00 | 4.00 |
How to propagate mountain ash
Since the shrub grows and develops very quickly and vigorously, there is no need to buy new seedlings to increase the field plant population on the site. It is much easier and more convenient to use one of the vegetative methods of plant propagation.
Propagation of fieldfare by cuttings
The easiest way is to propagate a field ash from a cuttings, even a novice gardener will cope with the task.
- To do this, in the middle of spring, several shoots of 20-25 cm in length are cut from an adult shrub; you can take both apical green and already lignified healthy branches.
- Cuttings must be placed in a solution that stimulates root growth for a day, and then planted in small pots with ordinary soil mixed with sand.
- You can also deepen the cuttings directly on temporary beds-schools in the open air, since the mountain ash tolerates any weather well, the chances of successful rooting in the ground are very high.
The cuttings will need to be watered regularly over the next few weeks. When new green leaves appear on the shoots, the field ash can be carefully transferred to a permanent place - the beginning of vegetative growth means that rooting has taken place.
Advice! For cuttings, you can use young healthy shoots of mountain ash-leaved shrub, cut during the annual shaping shearing.
Reproduction by dividing the bush
Another simple and effective way to increase the fieldberry population is to divide the mountain ash bush. The method is especially convenient because it allows you to successfully solve 2 problems at once - to propagate the plant and adjust the size of the bush already growing on the site.
- The division is usually carried out in the spring, although it is permissible to propagate the plant in the fall.
- The mother bush is dug out of the ground, the rhizome is divided into several parts with a large knife or a sharply sharpened shovel.
- Sections are treated with ash, crushed coal or ordinary brilliant green to prevent decay.
- Prepared delenki are planted in planting pits - they are dug out according to the standard algorithm, in the same way as during the first planting of a mountain ash plant on the site.
The planted parts of the mother bush are watered and mulched abundantly, and then the usual care is carried out for the delenki.
Attention! On each of the parts, separated from the common rhizome, not only strong healthy roots should be preserved, but also several strong shoots.
Reproduction by layering
Mountain ash-leaved fieldfare can be propagated on the site with the help of layering - young shoots of a shrub located low to the ground.
- In the spring, 2-3 healthy green shoots are selected, located close to the ground, and bend them close to the ground.
- At the place where the shoots touch the ground, their bark is slightly incised, and then the layers are slightly deepened into the soil, fixed with a wire or staple so that the branches do not straighten.
- The shoots are sprinkled with earth, while leaving the apical part on the surface, and during the summer they take care of the layers in the same way as for the main bush.
Layers take root quite quickly, if you carry out the procedure in the spring, then by the beginning of September the shoots will take root. You can separate them and move to a permanent place both in the fall and at the beginning of the next spring.
Output
This ornamental shrub is a profitable acquisition for any site, capable of ennobling the territory. The mountain ash is created in order to become a bright accent in the garden, regardless of whether it grows in a group or alone decorates the lawn. If you want the bush to please with bright colors from early spring to leaf fall, after flowering, prune it and then feed the plant.
A little more attention!
What do you think, is it worth betting on such an ornamental leafy plant? No matter how unpretentious it is, part of the care is a rather laborious process - pruning.In any case, it is necessary to remember about the active growth of the plant. In order to prevent young shoots from capturing the surrounding space, the shallow roots of the bush will have to be surrounded by a protective ring.
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Rowan-leaved fieldfare: application, types, varieties, planting, combinations
The mountain ash-leaved field is a great option for the owner who wants to decorate his plot. The bush does not require special care and gets along in any garden area.
The shrub feels good when:
- Placed in shade or partial shade. Although planted in the sun.
- In severe drought or overflow. At the same time, the fieldfare loves frequent watering.
- When transferring. It quickly departs and is "accepted".
- When cutting and shaping a bush.
All this makes him a welcome guest in any garden. Fieldfare quickly begins to grow and delight with delicate flowers.
Varieties, varieties
There are many varieties of fieldfare besides sorbaria sorbifolia (in Latin it is the fieldfare of mountain ash).
The rarest of the existing - felt type of shrub... You can meet a felt bush in East Asia. In Russia, the felt type is not used in landscape design - it does not tolerate cold well and does not bloom. However, it is the tallest variety of field ash, which reaches six meters in height and grows in highlands.
Ryabinnik tree-like, as well as the fieldfare felt, originally from Asia. Not common, but in landscape design it is still used, albeit rarely. It grows slowly, but, unlike the felt variety, it is frost-tolerant. The plant blooms beautifully from mid-summer to autumn.
It is worth mentioning about Pallas variety, which is distinguished by its small stature, but large leaves and beautiful, white or cream flowers. This ornamental shrub has advantages and disadvantages. Among the shortcomings is fragility, since after a while the trunk begins to bare, it looks ugly and the plant must either be rejuvenated or other plants must be planted in front of it that can hide the flaw; the advantages include the fact that the plant simply reproduces, both by roots and seeds.
A common variety of the bush is the mountain ash, which is often used in landscape design, since it has a huge number of advantages with minimal disadvantages. A distinctive feature is the fact that in one season the shrub manages to change up to four leaf colors:
- The pink color appears in early spring;
- Leaves turn green in summer;
- They turn red and yellow from early autumn to frost.
Shrub in height, usually does not exceed two meters... Since the plant is unpretentious, it perfectly tolerates frost and transplantation. In addition, mountain ash looks attractive during flowering.
Since the fieldfare grows very quickly, it is not planted where it can fill the territory. For landscape design, if you plan to make a high hedge, purchase the Sem variety. It is less aggressive and shorter.
Ryabinnik also looks attractive in September, when it begins to delight with its bright yellow leaves.
Landing
The mountain ash (common) is unpretentious in planting, so it grows successfully both in the shade and in the sun. The plant is planted in moist, organically rich soil.
The shrub should be planted in the spring - this is the most favorable time for its growth. Shoots can be planted in early spring, as the plant tolerates frost well. If you do not propagate the plant by seeds, then seedlings are not needed.
Periodically, you need to ennoble the field ash by trimming the branches to the desired length. When the shrub blooms, you need to remove the panicles of the inflorescences. Garden scissors can be used to shape the fieldberry.
Reproduction
For reproduction of the shrub, a vegetative method is used.You can plant just one root and soon you will have a large shrub to trim. And flowering can be observed on the shrub after a couple of years.
The shrub can also be propagated with the help of seeds, which are located in faded panicles. However, the vegetative method is simpler and faster. From vegetative methods, propagation by cuttings and layering is also practiced.
In landscape design
Spirea is used for:
- Greening dark places in the shade;
- Accents as solo bushes;
- Compositions together with herbaceous perennials;
- Group landings;
- Single landings;
- Living green hedges.
Due to the fact that the field ash grows very quickly, it is planted as a "living fence" along the fence. It is more often used for group plantings, but on the lawn in a single form it looks just as presentable.
Fieldfare is a tall plant that can even replace a fence. It is used as a living fence in many houses and cottages. That is why fieldfare can replace, for example, hawthorn, cypress, juniper or thuja.
As a hedge, spirea is planted with dahlias or scumpia. Miniature plant varieties can be planted in rockeries. And you can combine several types of field ash with different flowering periods on a flower bed, making unique compositions. So, mountain ash looks appropriate with yellow-leaved varieties of spirea.
The fieldfare is convenient to use as an early plant that delights with its leaves in the spring. Yes, and he begins to bloom early - in early July. The photo shows how beautiful it looks. The plant is a real find and for beekeepers, since its flowers are melliferous, which allows it to attract bees from all over the area.
In nature, fieldfare grows near water bodies, and therefore, if you decide to establish a small pond on your site, then be sure to plant this shrub along its edges. Firstly, the fieldfare will feel great in such conditions, and secondly, it will be able to fix the soil at the edges of the pond thanks to its rich root system. As a result, you will receive not only beauty, but also “fortified shores”. The shrub will not need watering, which he loves so much.
The fact that the plant is covered with beautiful pale white or cream flowers allows you to play on its contrast by planting it next to conifers. If you want to pay attention to some part of your site, you can do this with the help of a blooming spirea.
However, spireas can be planted not only one by one, but also by mixing different varieties. For example, mountain ash spirea looks good next to spirea plum.
IN classic style the bush is planted next to water. Due to its appearance, reflected in a pond or body of water, it creates the necessary natural abundance. The bush is combined with other shrubs that bloom at the same time, fruit trees and exotic plants.
In the rustic style, the field ash will also have to be in place, since it is combined with the riot of colors that Provence represents. The plant does not require special care and everywhere looks as if it was created by nature itself.
It looks good and in scandinavian style... This is why it should be placed next to large rocks or wooden furniture in the garden. The bush will look interesting with garden flowers, dwarf trees (dwarf apple tree). Spirea is combined with a variable relief, and therefore it is planted next to chaotically scattered stones and stone steps.
Plant perfectly tolerates shade, therefore, it can be planted under trees (aspen, alder, birch), next to dark conifers.
The shrub tolerates excessive moisture and putrefactive soils well, therefore it is planted in damp areas.
Fieldfare can be replaced with conifers or other varieties of shrubs.Its analogues are thuja, spruce, juniper, tree field and the Palassa variety.
Cutting fieldberry on video
One of the most time consuming aspects of fieldfare is pruning. How to do it correctly - in the video from the Garden World channel.
How to care for an ornamental shrub
To protect bushes from grass, pests and diseases, it is necessary to apply the whole range of agrotechnical measures.
How to water a plant
The fieldfare loves water, young plants are watered every week, 1 bucket per bush, in hot weather they are watered 2 times a week. Shrubs, which are watered for 2-3 years every fortnight, in the heat - every week. Drought at high air temperatures negatively affects the shrub, it is abundantly sprayed with water early in the morning or in the evening, when the sun has already set, otherwise the leaves will get burned.
Weeding and loosening
The fieldfare has developed, but not deepened roots, so it is loosened once a month very carefully and shallowly, preferably immediately after watering, then mulch is added to the ground near the trunk as needed. Weed as needed.
Top dressing and fertilization
In the first months of spring and summer, field grass is fertilized with organic fertilizers - it can be peat mixed with soil, lying manure or compost. Mineral fertilizers are applied according to the scheme:
Care
The unpretentious fieldfare does not require increased attention to itself, including before winter, since it hibernates perfectly without shelter at any age. However, regular, simple maintenance will help the plant to fully reveal its decorative qualities.
Watering and feeding
The fieldfare does not like drought, but it tolerates excess moisture well. A rare case for garden plants - you don't need to be greedy when watering. First-year bushes are often and abundantly watered - every 6-7 days, and in the absence of precipitation - 2 times a week. Adult plants are watered every 10-15 days, except for dry periods when weekly watering is required. It is also useful to spray the bush with water abundantly in the heat - they do this in the evening, at sunset.
Top dressing consists of organic matter: peat, humus or compost. They are added twice per season: at the beginning of the growing season and during flowering.
Fieldfare does not mind minerals. They are brought in according to the schedule:
- spring - urea, 40 g / sq. m;
- flowering period - potassium nitrate, 15 g / sq. m;
- early autumn - superphosphate, 40 g / sq. m.
All dressings are applied at the root, watering the near-stem circle with a solution. Embedding in the ground is undesirable, since the root system of the field ash is located close to the surface of the earth.
Soil treatment
Loosening is carried out very carefully, processing only the top layer of the soil. The procedure is carried out monthly, after watering. Then the trunk circle is mulched again.
Weeds are removed as they emerge. While they are young, it is easier to pull them out of the ground, at the same time the soil will become looser.
Pruning
Sanitary pruning is done regularly since spring. They remove the shoots broken over the winter or frozen over. Branches bent close to the ground are also removed if there is no need to grow layers for reproduction.
Shrubs begin to form in the third year. To give the fieldberry a neat, well-groomed look, the shoots that break out of the outline are shortened or cut out. The process begins in the spring, during the growing season, branches are regularly trimmed, including those with faded inflorescences, to maintain the shape of the bush.
The mountain ash hedge is trimmed several times per season. In this case, shoots are usually cut off to one meter.
The haircut does not affect the ability to bloom - peduncles are formed on growth.
Thinning of the crown is carried out as needed. Excessively dense thickets force the shrub to throw out thin branches, devoid of decorativeness and aging very quickly.
Rejuvenating pruning helps maintain the beauty and health of fieldfare. The signal for rejuvenation is the drying of the upper parts of the branches and their exposure from below.Such branches are cut out completely. Once every few years, a procedure for complete rejuvenation of the bush is possible, when all the shoots are cut "on a stump".
When pruning, they pay attention to the root shoots - all excess is removed, cutting off to the very root, otherwise the bushes will lose their shape.
Healthy cut branches are usually used as material for harvesting cuttings.
Pruning
Fieldfare is pruned for sanitary purposes in early spring, removing damaged branches. Exposure of the shoots from below and drying of the tops are a sign of aging of the branches, they are cut out for rejuvenation. Thickening leads to the formation of weak, thin and rapidly aging branches, therefore regular thinning is necessary. It is possible to maintain a given height and crown shape, as the plant tolerates cutting well. A strong anti-aging pruning, the so-called "stump" fit, is recommended. To prevent excessive growth, root shoots are removed.
Diseases and pests
Fieldfare, like any plant, can be attacked by pests or get sick.
Pests:
- Green aphids feed on the sap of the leaves, from which they dry out and if the aphid colony becomes too large, the young plant may die. Aphids are washed off with plain water, or with a solution of 300 g of grated laundry soap and 10 liters of water, onion or garlic, chamomile, pepper, pine, citrus infusions will also be effective, for which 100 g of raw materials are infused in 1 liter of water for 5 hours, filtered, brought up to 1 liter and spray the plant.
- The spider mite destroys plant cells, white dots and cobwebs appear on the back of the leaves. Dry air provokes the appearance of this pest, therefore, in dry weather, the plant is sprayed with water for prevention. If a tick appears on a plant, it is fought with herbal and soap infusions, acaricides - Demitan, Bicol, Borneo, insectoacaricides - Dursban, Aktofit and others. All drugs are used strictly according to the instructions.
- The viral mosaic disease affects the plant at the cellular level, a mosaic color appears on the foliage. The diseased parts of the plant are removed, the sections are treated with a solution of potassium permanganate and charcoal, after which the plant is sprayed with a solution of 75 g of karbofos with 10 liters of water. If the whole plant is infected, it is dug up and burned, a ten-centimeter layer of soil is also disposed of.
The disease is a viral mosaic.
Pests and diseases
Such adversities usually bypass the fieldfare. In rare cases, the shrub can be attacked by green aphids or spider mites. "Fitoverm" or "Mitak" are used against pests.
Very rarely, fieldfare can suffer from a viral mosaic. The disease is not treated, the affected plants are destroyed.
Pests and diseases first of all choose weakened, oppressed plants as their prey. Good care will protect the fieldfare from trouble.
The use of rowan-leaved fieldfare in landscape design
The plant is considered decorative because of its bright green feathery leaves and graceful fragrant inflorescences that stand out beautifully against the background of large trees with openwork crowns. It is often used by landscape designers.
- The mountain ash is used to fix the slopes and slopes.
- The bush can be the center of a flower arrangement - peonies, astilbe, hosts and other flowers, forming a lush bush.
- It looks good against the background of conifers - thuja, spruce, pine.
- If there is a body of water on the site, the field ash will be a good frame for it.
- This unpretentious bush is used to decorate the territory next to cafes, shops, hotels, sports and children's centers.
- Single bushes or field field hedges look good in combination with a lawn.
- This shrub is used to decorate the corners of the garden, which I would like to hide from prying eyes.
What is the value of the field ash?
The mountain ash is valuable not only as an ornamental fast-growing shrub. At the time of flowering, the aroma of its flowers attracts pollinating insects, including bees, to the site.
Given the shade tolerance and moisture-loving nature of fieldfare, it is planted in shady corners, on damp lowlands, next to water bodies. Planting it on river banks will be of particular benefit, since the strong root system of field ash is able to protect the coastal zone from erosion during floods. Shrubs are also planted on loose slopes for the same purpose. Moreover, landing pits on inclined surfaces are made by leveling platforms - terraces - under them.
The mountain ash-leaved field does not suffer from dust and air pollution, therefore it is used in urban landscaping.
The plant is also interesting as a supplier of medicinal raw materials. Decoctions of leaves are used for rheumatic pains, brewed fragrant inflorescences are useful for tonsillitis, traditional medicine recommends roots for the prevention of pulmonary diseases, including tuberculosis, for the treatment of various disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.
Growing mountain ash in a summer cottage is an easy task. Planting and caring for a shrub is so simple that an inexperienced beginner in horticultural matters can handle it. For the care and attention, the fieldfare wholeheartedly thanks the splendor of decorative foliage and lush flowering.
Let's remember the most important information ...
- Rowan-leaved is a deciduous shrub with good winter hardiness (up to -30 degrees). Landscape designers appreciate it for its lush white brushes of flowers.
- You can plant a plant in early spring or late autumn. The shrub will not be intimidated by either a shaded area or a wet lowland with "heavy" soil.
- Taking care of the bush is easy. It should be fertilized a couple of times, watered (if the weather is dry), and pruned in the spring, since new branches will constantly grow from the roots. If you want to work less with garden scissors, plant field grass Sam - in terms of unbridled growth, he is the most humble.
Did you know that in our country there is also a field bird? We bet you didn't know what she looks like? Small, grayish, she just loves to peck frozen berries, and in summer she will not refuse fresh cherries. This is what this cute little bird looks like:
A bit of history
The homeland of this shrub is the Far East of our country, China, Manchuria. It appeared in the gardens of the European part of the continent in 1759. But many gardeners call a later date: the second half of the 20th century. In its historical homeland, mountain ash is listed in the "Red Book" as an endangered plant. But he has perfectly settled down with us in the North-West. I met this shrub in the gardens of the Black Earth Region and even the subtropics.
Openwork greenery
Description of the medicinal plant
Fieldfare is a shrub that grows in the range from 1 to 3 m. Its root system is abundant, and the shoots are omitted. The length of the leaves reaches 20 cm, and the width can be 13 cm. Flowering occurs in the first half of June and ends in early autumn.
The bush blooms with flowers with rounded petals, bud diameter up to 10 mm. The fruits begin to form in August. You can meet fieldfare on the outskirts of a swamp, an armhole of a river or stream, as well as a forest.
Young and promising - named "Sam".
All these qualities, but in a much greater concentration, have the Sam variety, which is gaining popularity among Russians. It is two times three times lower than the main species (maximum height 120-150 cm) and more compact, gives fewer offspring, and its leaves are somewhat smaller. And most importantly, its young leaves are colored much brighter and more diverse than those of wild plants. It is the leaves, not the flowers, that are the main decorative property of "Sam". For their description, I personally think the epithets are suitable: openwork, carved, ornamental, colorful, bright.Their color spectrum contains not only yellow and orange tones, but also all shades of red - from light pink to purple.
"Sam" blooms like the main species at the end of June, but not abundantly, and the size of its inflorescences, in comparison with the wild species, is small. So flowering is often almost imperceptible. This, by the way, is rather an advantage than a disadvantage, because in a species shrub, fading inflorescences are no longer an ornament and require removal.
Especially valuable qualities are frost resistance and unpretentiousness, inherited by "Sam" from a wild ancestor. It is undoubtedly interesting both for an ordinary amateur and for professional gardeners who are so important not to lose face in front of the customer. "Sam" will not let you down, will not lose its gloss at the most inopportune moment. Absolutely frost-resistant, "Sam" is very interesting for northerners. It should be noted that Sam's leaves do not completely discolor, and although their brightness fades a little in June, it remains attractive.
Rowan leaves - that's why the fieldberry.
The mountain ash-leaved field - a native of Siberia, has long been bred in the gardens of Russians as an ornamental shrub. It is attractive for its graceful odd-pinnate leaves, small white flowers, collected in compact pyramidal panicles, long flowering. Actively growing with the help of offspring, fieldfare forms picturesque thickets about the height of a person.
The fieldberry got its name because of the similarity of its leaves with rowan leaves. The leaves are indeed reminiscent of mountain ash in their structure, but incomparably more attractive than the latter. They are unpaired-pinnate, consist of 9-13 pairs, densely sitting on the petiole, lanceolate, with a thinly drawn apex, finely serrated leaflets along the edge. In addition to an attractive build, the leaves are imparted with a pleasant-looking, depressed parallel venation.
But fieldberry leaves are especially good in spring. When blooming, and for the first time, they attract attention from a distance with unusual yellow-orange shades. By the middle of summer, the color flavor is lost, the leaves turn green, although they remain lighter than the general background. At the same time, young leaves, which the shrub continues to generate until August, differ in color from ordinary greenery.
Procurement and storage of medicinal raw materials
In order for the fieldfare to be more useful, you need to properly prepare it.
Aerial parts of plants are harvested only in good weather, leaves and branches moistened with precipitation deteriorate during drying, which reduces the amount of active substances.
Underground parts are collected at any time.
- The buds are harvested in early spring before blooming. It was at this time that they are rich in balsamic substances.
- The bark is harvested during the spring sap flow, when it is easily separated from the wood. You only need to collect smooth bark from young branches and trunks.
- The leaves are harvested after they have reached their normal size.
The ideal time is to start flowering.
- Flowers and inflorescences are harvested for drying and subsequent storage at the beginning of flowering, since it is at this time that they contain the greatest amount of nutrients.
The collected material should be stored in a dry place, after placing it in cloth bags.
It is not difficult to use fieldfare, the main thing is to find good raw materials or properly prepare it yourself. However, you should not self-medicate, but it is still better to consult a doctor and, with his permission, carry out treatment with this plant.
When and how to plant?
Fieldfare is planted in spring. Shoots can also be planted in early spring, as the shrub tolerates cold well. There is no need to prepare seedlings in advance. The plant can survive in harsh conditions, so there is no need to worry about whether it will take root or not.
Planting a plant in a hole
For planting, shallow pits are pulled out (up to 30-40 cm in depth).The width of the pits is focused on the growth of the shrub, so the best option is up to 80 cm.
Fieldfare in the hole
When planting on slopes, near-trunk circles are formed in the form of gentle funnels with an inclination towards the center of the shrub, otherwise the shrub will suffer from a lack of moisture.
Description of the species
The mountain ash-leaved field is a shrub 1–1.5 m high, of the Rosaceae family. An excellent honey plant, grows in nature along the edges of the forest, river banks. Complex, pinnate leaves vaguely resemble rowan leaves, for which the shrub got its name. The flowers are yellowish-white, fragrant, collected in pubescent pyramidal inflorescences, bloom in June.
The fieldberry fruits have no nutritional and decorative value, therefore the inflorescences ("panicles") are removed after flowering. High winter hardiness allows the shrub to withstand temperatures down to –30 ° C.
It can grow on dense clayey and poor in composition soil. It is demanding on moisture, it will withstand a short-term drought, but it can die from a long one. In hot weather, watering is required, from a lack of moisture, the shrub becomes stunted, the leaves become smaller and lose their decorative effect.
Easily adapts to shading, can grow under tall trees. It develops quickly and easily withstands transplantation. Fieldfare can be propagated by dividing the bush, cuttings and layering. Planting with seeds does not work well.
Where and with what to plant fieldfare
The mountain ash is suitable for hedges, single and group plantings, the design of reservoirs and the strengthening of slopes. It is quite shade-tolerant and can be used for planting under trees (birch, alder, aspen) and next to dark conifers. The plant normally tolerates excess soil moisture and feels good on dense clay soils, therefore it is indispensable for damp and shady areas.
Fieldfare varieties. Sem - compact, up to 1.2 m tall, with a neat rounded crown. Young shoots are greenish-yellow, young leaves have a reddish or copper tint, then turn golden yellow. The flowers are white, gathered in panicles. Suitable for tamping larger bushes and creating curbs. Requires brighter lighting than species plants to maintain decorative leaf color.
Fertilizers and methods of reproduction
The care of the shrub includes mandatory feeding. Compost, humus and peat are suitable as fertilizer for fieldfare. They need to be brought under the root 2 times a year: in spring, during active growth, and in summer, during flowering. Simultaneously with feeding, you need to make abundant watering.
The propagation of any kind of fieldfare is possible in two ways:
- planting root suckers;
- reproduction using cuttings.
Growing through seeds is impractical and very little practiced. Most often, propagation by cuttings is used. Planting cuttings and caring for them is carried out in the same way as when growing most garden shrubs.
Field care in the garden
Caring for fieldfare is quite simple, and even a beginner can handle it. Remember that the soil near the bushes should always be slightly damp and loose. Provide him with timely removal of root shoots and weeds, and feed regularly (when grown in poor soil). Formative pruning is done only when necessary.
Watering should be plentiful, especially if there is a prolonged drought. Top dressing is carried out in small portions at least 2 times during the season, while the nutrient mixtures are shallowly embedded or applied superficially. The shrub is fed with compost, peat or humus, in some cases, complex mineral fertilizers are also used.
In order for the appearance of the plant to always remain as effective as possible, it is necessary to promptly cut off the inflorescences that have begun to fade.At the very beginning of the spring period, sanitary pruning is carried out, for this you need to cut out all injured, damaged by pests or disease, dried branches, as well as those that thicken the bush. If you do not thin the bush, the stems will become thinner, weaker, and they will age very quickly. Fieldfare tolerates pruning well, even rejuvenating. Remember to cut out root shoots systematically.
Transfer
The shrub tolerates transplantation very well. This procedure is very often performed together with the division of the bush. The preparation of a new planting pit should be done in autumn or spring. A drainage layer should be placed at its bottom, and a soil mixture should be prepared, consisting of soil removed from the pit, as well as compost or humus. Remove the bush from the ground, and, if necessary, cut it into several parts, while taking into account that each delenka must have powerful shoots and well-developed roots. Places of cuts should be sprinkled with crushed charcoal, then the cuttings are planted in new places. If you do not divide the bush, then the dug out plant will need to be placed in a planting hole, which is filled with prepared soil mixture. The soil around the shrub is compacted, and then abundant watering is carried out.
Fieldfare propagation
Such a plant can be propagated by dividing the bush, this procedure is described in great detail above. Theoretically, fieldfare can be propagated by seeds, but in practice, seedlings appear very rarely. Most often, gardeners propagate this shrub with lignified cuttings and layering.
It is very simple and easy to propagate fieldberry by layering. In springtime, it will be necessary to choose a strong, healthy and long stem, and bend it to the surface of the site so that several buds are in contact with it. Then the stem is fixed in this position and covered with soil, while its top should remain free. Do not forget to water the cuttings in a timely manner in the summer. After a few weeks, the cuttings will take root, and in late summer or early autumn it can be cut off from the parent plant and planted in a new place.
Cuttings are cut from lignified stems, while the length of the apical segments can vary from 20 to 30 centimeters. For rooting, they are planted in a box filled with earth mixture. Keep the soil slightly damp at all times. If the cuttings root successfully, their tops should begin to grow.
Diseases and pests
Such a shrub is distinguished by high phytoncidal properties, which explains its resistance to diseases and pests. Very rarely, green aphids or spider mites can settle on it. Such sucking insects suck out the plant sap from the bush, as a result, it becomes lethargic, and also deformation of the stems and yellowing of the foliage occurs. In addition, there is a high probability that such pests will infect the fieldfare with a viral mosaic. This disease cannot be cured, and therefore all you have to do is dig up and destroy the plant. To get rid of such insects, they resort to treating the affected specimen with Fitoverm or Mitaka solution.
