Lily: features of planting, growing, reproduction

Lily hybrids. Agricultural technology and planting of lilies.

Similar articles
SLIDE number 23 Test 1. The first root appears when the seed germinates:So in trees, shrubs and grasses growing on arid soils, the root system can go to a depth of tens of meters, because the water in such soils is at a very great depth. Think about what dryland plants you know? (Camel thorn has a root up to 20 meters)Gradually, the plant develops many roots that can branch out. Together, all the roots of one plant form a root system. SLIDE number 17

Stores substances.Scientists estimate that the total root length of one wheat plant is 600 km. Since a plant has so many roots, it means that the plant needs them and play an important role in its life. SLIDE number 4What conditions are necessary for seed germination?If drought is the worst enemy of cereals and their roots, then it is not terrible for plants in wet natural zones. After all, they, on the contrary, suffer from an excess of water. This can cause rotting processes, which will inevitably lead to the death of plants. That is why they have a number of vital adaptations for development in this natural area. These are leaves with a wide leaf blade, and a thin bark of trees. The structure of the underground organ of tropical plants is also of particular importance. A large number of adventitious superficial roots ensures rapid absorption of a sufficient amount of moisture. In an upward current, this water flows to the leaves, which provide the process of transpiration - evaporation of water from the surface of the plate.But to ensure the entire variety of functions of an underground organ of one type, it is not enough for a plant organism. Therefore, they combine to form two types of root systems. The rod consists of the main and the lateral ones. Its main advantage is that rod system plants can get water deep from the ground.

In agricultural technology, lilies are not difficult if you follow certain rules. Lily has a perennial bulb that is collected from scales that grow from the inside. Over time, the outer scales die off, and the young inner ones replace them. Inside the bulb are buds, which give rise to young, replacing lateral bulbs, and an inflorescence.(Lilium henryi) - these lilies are one of the most beloved in the gardens. Their variety is not so great, mainly they are white, greenish and pastel colors. There are low-growing varieties, but mostly they are large, tall lilies. Their bulbs are dark in color, in contrast to Asian hybrids, which have white bulbs.

It is difficult to find plants that can rival the lilies in wealth, luxury and beauty. Lilies are so amazing in shape - there are turbid, star-shaped, tubular flowers, and so varied in color that, of course, only these flowers alone can already make up a whole garden. These plants also have different flowering periods and they have different origins, so you need to know which class and which group the lily you are going to grow belongs to. Her agricultural technology also depends a little on this.All lilies have a fibrous root system.And in plants located on well-moistened and even marshy soil, the roots are located close to the surface.Why? Indeed, they do not need to penetrate great depths in search of moisture. What are some examples of such plants?The root system of various plants is divided into two types. If a plant has a clearly distinguishable main root, and numerous lateral roots extend from it, as you can see on the slide, such a root system is called a tap root. Such root systems are typical for dicotyledonous plants. SLIDE number 18We can say that the root plays a very important role in the life of the plant. What is a root? How do you explain?

1. Root functions. SLIDE number 5

Why are different plant seeds not sown at the same time?

A fibrous root system is characteristic of plants that have bulbs. They accumulate water with dissolved nutrients. Tulip, lily, leek, garlic are used as a reserve. This helps them get through an unfavorable period.

The fibrous root system is formed only by adventitious roots that extend from the aerial part of the plant - the shoot. They grow in a large bundle, most of them are of the same length.

The lily inflorescence does not appear in the fall, it is laid during the growth period, in the summer. Therefore, if the beginning of summer, or the end - mid-May, are cold, then the lilies may not bloom, because it is during this period that flower buds are laid. So, by the size of the lily bulb, you will not be able to determine how well it will bloom, the main thing is the conditions that you will create for its growth.

Preparing the soil: digging and fertilizing

First of all, it is necessary to dig up the landing area to a depth of at least 40 centimeters. This is a necessary measure, since the average planting depth is approximately 20 centimeters. The roots of the flower grow back to the same depth. If the soil is too heavy, add a bucket of sand and a bucket of peat. In relatively loose soil, it is enough to add a bucket of peat. These norms are calculated for one square meter of the site.
When planting LA hybrids and Asian hybrids, approximately 10 kilograms of high-quality humus, 50 grams of potassium sulfate and 100 grams of superphosphate should be additionally added to the ground.

Tubular hybrids, snow-white lilies and martagon do not grow well on acidic soils, so the earth must be deacidified. To do this, simply add wood ash or regular chalk: 250 - 500 grams per square meter.

Fibrous root system: structural and functional features

Tubular hybrids

What is a root?

The most suitable for the temperate zone are lilies from the so-called

The root system is fibrous, located on the stem, modified into a bulb.

Types of root systems

Now let's try to determine the types of root systems in herbariums.

But besides dicotyledonous plants, as you know, there are also monocotyledons.

The root is the vegetative organ of the plant, usually found underground.

Fibrous root system

Let's find out with you what functions the root performs. SLIDE number 6-7

What is the significance of seeds in nature and human life?

Modifications often occur in the fibrous root system. In this regard, additional functions appear. For example, the adventitious roots of dahlia, peel and sweet potato sweet potato, which is a popular crop in tropical countries, thicken and form tubers. They not only store nutrients and water, but also participate in vegetative reproduction. The aerial roots of the orchid are also adventitious. They are able to absorb moisture directly from the air.

A fibrous root system is typical for representatives of the families Cereals (Bluegrass), Onions, Liliaceae. All of them belong to the class Monocotyledons.

So, all lilies, except for the marchagon lily, are planted in a sunny place in loamy loose soil. The planting depth of the lily is explained by the structure of the lily bulb itself. Many types of lilies have two types of root system - one layer of supra-bulbous roots, which are replaced every year, and a second layer of roots, which are located under the bulb. The roots under the bulb are perennial and gradually change - one root dies off, the other appears, so the lily never completely sheds the root system. That is why it is advisable not to disturb the roots during storage and when transplanting lilies.

Plants with a fibrous root system

Somewhat more capricious. They are quite winter-hardy, but still require some shelter, in contrast to the Asiatic lilies, which may not be covered at all. Tubular hybrids require denser and more nutritious soil. But although they are so capricious, they are more refined and noble.

Asian hybrids

Modifications and their functions

1. Main, lateral, adventitious roots.

Examine herbarium plant specimens and divide them into fibrous and taproot plants. (Children call plants with a taproot and fibrous root system)

SLIDE number 19

2.Kinds of roots.

II. Knowledge control

One writer wrote about trees this way: “Trees rustle in the summer in the warm wind; branches bow low, losing yellow foliage in damp autumn weather; bend, creak and groan in the gusts of snow blizzards and storms ... ”But they almost always manage to resist. How do they do it? (student answer). Indeed, everything is very simple, the trees firmly hold on to the ground with their roots. Therefore, the roots are said to have a supporting function.

1. What is the biological significance of the fact that the germ root is the first to appear outside the peel?
2. A fibrous root system is also characteristic of ivy. With its help, it clings to the support and grows upward, bringing the leaves to the light. Some tropical plants form adventitious roots directly on trunks and branches. Growing to the ground, they act as props for a wide crown. Corn has the same adaptation. Since the adventitious roots usually occupy a superficial position and are not able to keep the plant in the soil, this function is performed by a kind of props.
3. Among dicotyledons, plantain has an underground organ of this type. The fibrous root system develops on the modifications of the shoot. An example of this would be strawberry whiskers or fern rhizomes.
4. Due to the fact that the roots of the lily are perennial, it can be transplanted at any time. But the best time for transplanting is in the spring, at the beginning of growth, and an even better time is at the moment when the lily fades and its leaves begin to die off, at this time they plant. The planting depth of lilies is very easy to determine if there are supra-lily roots. It is planted just at the level where these roots were. If the roots have died out, and you received a lily without supra-lily roots, then it is advisable to plant it at a height exceeding three times the height of its bulb.
5. Some of the most hardy and original lilies are
6. Are the most hardy lilies. They are so different and so different from each other that it seems as if they are lilies of different origins. And so it is, they come from different species, but their agricultural technology has similar features.

1. Learning new material

The root tip is covered with a root cap, above the cap there is an area with root hairs.

Guys! In questions of the exam, there is such a task: when planting onions, the bulbs were thrown at random. Will they grow with their roots up? (children's answers) Of course not! The roots and stems have specific growth directions. The stems grow upward towards the light and this is called phototropism, and the roots grow downward - geotropism. SLIDE number 22

In such plants, the germinal root in the seedling stops growing shortly after emergence from the seed.At the same time, many adventitious roots begin to develop from the base of the stem. All of these roots are approximately the same length and thickness. They form, as it were, a bundle, or a lobe, at the base of the stem. This root system is called fibrous. It is found, for example, in onions, lilies. SLIDE number 20

Let's go back to the seedlings. If we were able to trace the gradual development of the root, then we would see the following picture SLIDE No. 12-14 2-3 days after its emergence from the seed, the embryonic root began to gradually thicken in its upper part. This formed the main root. As the entire seedling grows, the main root grows vertically downward, and lateral roots appear on it, which also grow. They appear first near the base of the main root, and only then closer to its tip, but never grow at the very top.

You know that houseplants or plants on your plots of land need to be watered and sometimes fed. Where do the water and nutrients go? (student answer). Of course, into the soil. And there are roots in the soil. This means that thanks to the root, water and minerals enter the plant. SLIDE number 8-9

Encouraging students to explore a new topic

Thus, the fibrous root system is characteristic of many plants and provides the most important functions of growth, nutrition and reproduction.

The fibrous root system is capable of penetrating deep into the soil at a distance of up to two meters. There it grows quite wide in width.

There must be good drainage under the roots of the lily. Lilies are very moisture-loving, and at the same time drought-resistant plants, but they do not tolerate stagnant water near the root system. Therefore, under the roots of the lilies, the earth should be even looser than at the level of the supra-lily roots.

Kinky hybrids

Relatives of the famous

2. Core, fibrous:

1. This can be proved by the following experience: put the pot with the plant on its side and after 4 days the stems are turned and will grow up and the roots down
2. Completion of the task number 2, p. 26 in the workbook
3. Look at the germinated seeds on your tables and find the main and side roots on them. Roots can also form on the lower part of the shoot, and then they are called adventitious. The border between the stem and the root can be seen on your bean sprout. the stem is much thicker than the root. SLIDE number 15

Guys, you know that usually mom puts various jars with mouth-watering jam, compotes and other goodies into the cellar in reserve. This is how the root cells can accumulate the substances necessary for the plant, therefore the roots often serve as an underground storeroom, because they can accumulate spare substances. SLIDE number 10

Teacher: Today we have to look where we rarely look. In the plants around us, we usually see only their aerial part - the shoot (demonstration of any indoor plant in a flower pot). But plants also have organs underground. These organs are called roots.

Lesson readiness, absent, clarification of incomprehensible questions in preparation for the lesson.

From the beginning of development, the main root of this system begins to grow. However, it soon dies off and is replaced by adventitious stem-bearing species.

The root performs the most important functions in the plant organism. The main ones are fixation in the soil, absorption and conduction of water with substances dissolved in it, as well as vegetative reproduction. The possibility of carrying out these processes is associated with the structural features of various root systems.

Or

Lilies regalia

- pivotal - typical for dicotyledons: beans, peas, oak, apple;

What types of root systems do you know and what are their features?

You have plants on your tables, look and tell me what kind of root system does the plantain and dandelion have?

Complete task number 1 on page 26 in your workbook

Thus, the root performs the following functions: SLIDE # 11

Have any of you tried to look into a flower pot? Let's take a little trip with you (demonstration of a houseplant in a jar of water). See how many roots even such a small houseplant has.

Frontal oral survey on the topic "Seed"

The length of the fibrous root system varies. In the overwhelming majority of cereal plants, it reaches three meters, and in corn - up to ten. In one of the most valuable representatives of monocots - wheat and rye - the bulk of adventitious roots develop at a depth of up to several tens of centimeters. Therefore, such plants are very sensitive to lack of moisture.

1. The root is called the underground organ of the plant. Although in nature there are special varieties of it - respiratory, which are able to absorb moisture in the air. Depending on the structural features, several types of roots are distinguished: main, lateral and adventitious.

Hybrids lilies martagon

(Lilium regale) and

- fibrous - typical for monocots: onions, wheat, corn, lily.

How does soil type affect the root system?

The nature of the location of the roots.

To enhance the appearance of adventitious plants, hilling is carried out by pouring soil to the bases of the shoot, this is necessary to increase the yield, for example, in such plants as potatoes, tomatoes, corn and other cultivated plants. SLIDE number 16

Supporting,

IV. Anchoring:

1. Imagine how many roots of the plants around us are hidden from our eyes.
2. What is the external and internal structure of the bean seed?
3. But a fibrous root system also has many benefits. Being at a shallow depth, it covers a much larger feeding area. For example, the total length of all wheat roots is about 20 km.
4. The first plant is always one. Lateral roots extend from it. Usually there are a lot of them, due to this, the suction surface area increases. Roots that grow immediately from the shoot are called adventitious.

Classification

There are more than 100 wild species that are found in East Asia, North America, India, and more than 3 thousand varieties have been cultivated. According to the classification, all lilies, depending on their origin and biological characteristics, are divided into the following groups:

• Asian Hybrids - The Asiatic Hybrids
• Curly hybrids - The Martagon Hybrids
• Snow-white hybrids - The Cаndidum Hybrids
• American Hybrids - The American Hybrids
• Longiflorum Hybrids - The Longiflorum Hybrids
• Trumpet and Aurelian Hybrids
• Oriental Hybrids - The Oriental Hybrids
• Interspecific hybrids
• Natural species

The group of Interspecific hybrids includes LA, LO, OA and OT hybrids. Many growers have heard these names, but few will give an exact answer what this means. And everything is simple, the first letters of the parents are used in the abbreviation, for example, LA hybrids are obtained by crossing Longiflorum and Asiatic.

What is the root system of Caucasian Lily and Curly Lily?

Polina shubina

(Lilium martagon). They have amazing interesting rosette-whorl-shaped leaves, turban-shaped flowers and very abundant flowering. Sometimes such a lily reaches a height of 2 meters, its rosettes are sometimes pubescent. The color of flowers is bright red and almost black, white and pink. This lily is the most frost-hardy and resistant, and most importantly, this lily is perhaps the only one that is able to withstand some shading.

Elena Podlesnykh

Henry lilies

Preparation of planting material

How to transplant a lily correctly? Before digging up the plant, the stem is preliminarily cut off from it. And only then they dig out the bulbous nests.When examining the planting material, it is necessary to get rid of dead scales and roots. Then the bulbs must be rinsed in plain water.
The bulbs thus peeled should be disinfected. For this purpose, they are dipped in a 2% foundation solution. They must be in it for at least 20 minutes. A solution of karbofos can also be used as a disinfectant (at the rate of a tablespoon per bucket). Processing also lasts for 20 minutes. If it is not possible to prepare the recommended compositions, then you can process the planting material using ordinary potassium permanganate. Add 5 grams of the drug to a bucket of water and put the bulbs for half an hour.

The processed material should be lightly dried. It is better to do this in the shade, as the roots can dry out under the open rays of the sun. If the planting of plants is not planned immediately after disinfection, then they can be stored in a barn. To do this, transfer the bulbs to a box and cover with burlap. Their root system must be shortened before planting, cutting to 5 centimeters.

Vegetative propagation

It is possible to obtain a plant that fully retained the characteristics of a donor by exclusively vegetative propagation. The easiest option is to divide the bulbous nest. The fact is that the mother bulb is periodically able to separate the babies that receive all the signs of the mother plant. Growing up, they form their own roots, and a stem appears from the point of growth. Thus, the formation of a bulbous nest occurs, which is subject to division. 3-4 years after planting the plant, a nest is formed, which contains from 4 to 6 bulbs.

Top dressing

The very first feeding is done even in the snow, when the shoots of the plant are not yet visible. It can be any complex fertilizer. A similar feeding is carried out during the period of bud appearance: 30 grams per square meter.

At the end of flowering, lilies are fed with potassium sulfate (30 grams) and superphosphate (10 grams). Quite often, experienced flower growers carry out the subcortex of lilies with ordinary wood ash: 100 grams of ash per bucket of water. Also, ash can be simply poured under the root of the plant.