Garden processing with iron sulfate in autumn and spring: norms, how to breed (proportions) and apply

Iron vitriol application in gardening and instructions for use which is presented in this article, is a fungicide and antiseptic - an excellent assistant for gardeners who use it to combat various harmful microorganisms.

Any plant that is grown on a garden plot, vegetable growers want to see healthy, strong and giving good and high-quality harvests. One of the important points for caring for them is timely processing in accordance with all the rules.

To get a bountiful harvest of fruits, gardeners use various fertilizers and fungicides. Today you can find a variety of similar products in stores. However, let us recall such a drug as ferrous sulfate, the cost of which is low in comparison with the price of modern chemistry.

This drug has a healing effect, and also supports the plant's immunity without accumulating in its cells. This long-proven remedy perfectly supplies the soil with iron, which is so necessary for all crops.

What is iron sulfate

It is also called ferrous sulfate or ferrous sulfate. Vitriol is greenish crystals, opaque, odorless. If you taste them, it turns out that it is metallic and highly astringent. Iron sulfate is hygroscopic, readily soluble in warm water. In the preparation produced by the industry for use in horticulture, FeSO4 is not less than 54%.

Preparation for processing

It is worth noting that before the very action of protecting the garden with special means, careful preparation is necessary. First of all, it is essential to prepare materials and tools:

Sprayer - gasoline models are distinguished by their high power, which makes it possible to cover a large area in one day. In addition, gasoline units can be refueled anywhere, however, they are more weighty and larger than battery ones. Battery models differ in the least level of hum during operation, but at the same time their performance is less than gasoline ones.
Protective respirator or gauze bandage.
Latex gloves.
Spraying preparations (selected in any particular case).
Protective glasses.

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It is necessary to carefully examine the constituent parts of trees (branches and trunks) for the presence of lichens and moss. If found, remove it with a wire brush. You need to inspect the attachment with which you will spray.

Treat trees completely, as a partial procedure may not give the expected result and harm the plant. Consider the consistency of the solution - it should be extremely homogeneous. Before pouring the solution into the apparatus, stir it thoroughly with water. If this rule is not met, there is a possibility of heterogeneity, which will lead to uneven processing - some of the trees are sprayed with plain water, and some will be exposed to the influence of an undiluted substance.

Spraying trees in autumn

Garden cultivation aims to remove diseases and parasites. Insects hide under the bark, in the soil, on the branches. As a result of disinfecting the garden in the fall, you can get a positive effect:

the moss will fall off the bark;
plants receive a dose of iron - prevention of chlorosis;
the growth and development of plants will increase.

It is better to spray the garden twice a week apart. When working with chemicals, you need to protect yourself from harmful influences.

Purpose of ferrous sulfate

The substance has antiseptic and fungicidal properties, therefore, ferrous sulfate is used in horticulture for spraying and whitewashing trees from fungus growing on the trunk and branches of moss and lichens, and treating wounds on the bark.

They treat grapes and berry bushes, trees from pests, use it as a micronutrient fertilizer containing iron, for the prevention and treatment of chlorosis.

In addition to the use of iron sulfate in gardens and vegetable gardens, it is also used to treat rooms, wooden structures from mold or fungi.

At what temperature can you apply

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A solution of ferrous sulfate is the best suited for eradicating autumn processing of shrubs and trees in the garden, since it can be sprayed at temperatures below +5 degrees. The main thing is that the air temperature does not fall below 0 degrees.

Wait until the leaves fall and process the garden along the bare branches. That is, it is necessary to spray the garden on bare branches in the fall.

Advice! In the fall, you can treat garden shrubs and trees with other drugs (fungicides, insecticides). Be sure to read the instructions in which you pay attention at what temperature they can be used. Many products work only at temperatures above +5 degrees.

How to properly dilute the drug

To obtain a solution, you can use only plastic or ceramic containers, but not metal containers. There should be no traces of any substances on its walls. To properly dilute the iron sulfate, first pour it into warm water, mix. Then, after 20 minutes, when it is infused, mix again.

The concentration will depend on the purpose of the application. It is convenient to measure the amount with a matchbox, a tablespoon or a teaspoon. A matchbox contains 22 g of the substance, 16 grams in a tablespoon, 5 g in a teaspoon.

For treatments, a 5 and 3 percent solution is prepared (take 500 g and 300 g per 10 l, respectively).

Precautions

The drug belongs to the 3rd class of hazardous substances, it is characterized by the following: low toxicity, fireproof, does not explode. So that it does not cause harm, they adhere to safety rules: they work in gloves and a respirator. If a highly concentrated solution comes into contact with the skin or eyes, burns are possible. Rinse immediately with water and consult a doctor.

If a large amount of the drug has entered the body, the person suffers from general toxic effects, indigestion, irritation of the mucous membranes and skin. Doctors need an ambulance.

Instructions for use

In the instructions for the use of ferrous sulfate, which is in the package, it is always indicated in what proportion to dilute it and for what, as well as the consumption rate.

Against pests

Some pests of trees hiding under the bark in winter are poisoned with iron sulfate. To do this, in the spring, when the buds have not yet begun to bloom, the trees are sprayed or poured over their trunks and branches with a solution of the substance. Getting under the bark, it destroys insects, sleeping larvae, eggs. The liquid capable of dealing with pests should be 5% (500 g per 10 l). The same can be done in the fall, when the entire crop has been harvested.

The treatment of apple and other trees with iron vitriol cannot be carried out on the blossoming buds and leaves, the drug will cause burns.

Fighting mosses and lichens

On trees of the stone fruit and pome family, fruit shrubs, mosses and lichens that damage the bark are destroyed with iron sulfate. To process the garden with iron sulfate, the time is chosen in early spring, before the start of bud break.The plants themselves and the soil around them are sprayed.

For trees, re-processing of lichens is carried out after another 2 weeks, the bushes are sprayed again in the fall. Trees are treated with a 5% solution, that is, 500 g of the substance is dissolved in 10 liters. If you add an ash extract to ferrous sulfate (take 1 tbsp of ash, pour 3 liters of boiling water and leave for 3 days), you get a mixture that can whitewash tree trunks.

Iron sulphate is also used from moss on the lawn. It can grow in acidic soils, in shaded areas. Such plots are treated with a 5% solution with the addition of 1% Bordeaux liquid. The best time to treat your lawn is a dry, cool day.

Treatment of fungal diseases

Scab, powdery mildew, black cancer, rot, clasterosporium, septosporiosis lend themselves to treatment with iron vitriol. For these diseases, trees are sprayed with a 3% (stone fruit) or 5% (pome) solution.

Processing strawberries with this substance will help against gray rot, spotting, powdery mildew, rot and late blight wilting. A 3% liquid is suitable for this. It is sprayed with bushes during preparation for winter - after the leaves are removed from them in the fall. The treatment of roses with iron sulfate is also carried out in the fall, in the process of preparing them for wintering. Shoots are watered with a 3% solution, 5% - the soil around the bushes.

Chlorosis treatment

With a lack of iron in the soil, plants suffer from chlorosis. Their leaves brighten, turn yellow, while the veins remain green. Iron chelate can be prepared from ferrous sulfate at home - a valuable micronutrient used to prevent and treat this phenomenon. In a chelated form, iron is most readily available to plants. Fertilizer can be watered or sprayed over the leaf.

How to cook: pour citric acid 1 tsp into 3 liters, add 1 tbsp. l. iron sulfate. The mixture must be used within 1-2 hours after preparation, otherwise it will lose its properties.

Spraying the vine

Grapes with ferrous sulfate can be treated against mildew, bacterial cancer, anthracnose, spotted necrosis. Prepare a 3-5% solution. They are also sprayed with pests. In addition to a protective agent, iron sulfate can be a fertilizer that is applied at the root or along the leaf. The deficiency of this element can be determined by poor growth of the growth, small size of young foliage, its light green color, thin shoots, and delayed ripening of the crop. This suggests that the plant urgently needs iron feeding. Root application is combined with watering, the solution is made from 15 g per 10 l. For foliar feeding with iron vitriol for grapes, 5-10 g are bred per 10 liters.

The substance is also used in order to delay the blooming of grape buds in the spring if frosts are expected. After removing the shelter, the vine is sprayed with 0.5-1% liquid. This inhibits the opening of the kidneys for about 2 weeks. The use of ferrous sulfate in gardening in autumn is also true for grapes. Immediately after the foliage has fallen, the plant itself and the ground around it are sprayed with a solution of 3-5% to destroy pathogens and various pests.

The processing of grapes in the spring is carried out during the rooting of cuttings. They are left in 0.5% soaking liquid. This slows down the development of the kidneys and speeds up the growth of roots. Such material takes root and takes root faster and better. This treatment of grapes with iron vitriol also prevents infection of cuttings and the development of fungi, lichens, phylloxera.

Spraying berry bushes and trees

For currants, a 3 or 1% solution is suitable. Processing time - early spring, before sap flow and autumn, after complete fall of foliage, trimming of excess and damaged shoots, cleaning of vegetable litter. The processing of raspberries with iron sulfate is carried out in the same way.

Treatment of cuts and wounds on tree branches

Cracks on the bark for disinfection are moistened with a 1% solution.To enhance the effect, it is recommended to alternate ferrous sulfate with copper. Wounds and hollows, especially if signs of the disease are clearly visible in them, are disinfected with 10% liquid. The tool is also washed in this liquid after each plant.

Application as fertilizer

Ferrous sulfate is a fertilizer, from which plants receive the element in a well-assimilable form and in the right amount.

Foliar processing

Requires 0.05% liquid (dissolve 5 g per 10 l). Spraying with iron sulfate is done once a week until the signs of chlorosis disappear.

Root dressing

For watering garden plants, a 0.1% solution is prepared, watered first with just water, then with iron sulfate.

The main disadvantages of the tool

Despite the large number of positive qualities, such a tool also has significant disadvantages. Every gardener needs to know about them:

The product quickly oxidizes in the open air and loses all its main properties. It continues to be effective after being used for 10-14 days.
Iron sulfate is considered hygroscopic. It quickly absorbs moisture, so you only need to store it in protective containers.
A concentration of less than one percent of the agent is considered ineffective for complete processing of crops.
At a concentration of more than one percent, the agent can damage plants, causing burns on green shoots due to high acidity, therefore, spraying is allowed only at the end of the leaf fall period or in early spring, before the first buds bloom.
A solution of iron sulfate will not help in the fight against diseases that have arisen due to exposure to bacteria.

Compatibility with other fertilizers

Can iron vitriol be mixed with lime or other substances? The answer depends on what you are mixing with. Solution with calcium, boron, zinc, copper or magnesium is not used. The resulting reactions will harm the plant.

When combined with laundry soap, the reaction is neutral, but the solution is made according to strict instructions.

It is allowed to mix urea with urea, but strictly according to the dosages indicated in the manufacturer's instructions. Since the pH of vitriol can be different: 3 and 5.

Top dressing of grapes

When scales are not at hand, ordinary teaspoons and tablespoons are used to measure the required amount of a substance:

h. l. - ferrous sulfate (5 g) and citric acid (8 g);
Art. l. - iron vitriol (20 gr).

They begin to process crops in the spring with a weak solution. The next processing of grapes with iron vitriol is carried out shortly before the onset of frost.

Either spraying or foliar treatment is carried out.

Since the drug has increased acidity (pH 3, 5), it should not be mixed with those agents that give an alkaline reaction, in particular, calcium, boric, zinc, copper, magnesium solutions.

Can be combined with laundry soap for better adhesion of the substance to the treated surface. In this case, a neutral reaction is required.

According to the recommendations of experienced gardeners, ferrous sulfate should not be mixed with other preparations. At best, there may be no effect, and at worst, the plant may be harmed.

The tool has several names: ferrous sulfate and ferrous sulfate. It is a crystalline hydrate, which is formed by the interaction of sulfuric acid with iron. The chemical formula of the drug is FeSO4 * 7 H2O. Crystals are green-blue in color, in contrast to copper sulfate, which is blue. Technical vitriol dissolves well in water.

The drug has a wide range of applications in the garden. It is used for the following purposes:

treatment of fungal infections on trees and shrubs: coccomycosis, clusterosporia, scab, powdery mildew;
processing of grapes from powdery mildew, anthracnose, gray rot;
disinfection of cuts on tree branches;
treatment of roses from spotting;
fighting moss and lichen;
destruction of pests;
fertilization of plants;
antifungal treatment of basements, cellars, vegetable stores.

As practice shows, many gardeners and gardeners use iron sulfate.

Found use of iron vitriol in viticulture. This is due to the fact that the plant desperately needs iron, where vitriol will come in handy. It can be used for both spraying and root feeding.

Spraying must be carried out with solutions of various concentrations, depending on the type of disease and the season of the year:

to combat chlorosis, a solution of 0.05% concentration is used;
spraying grapes with iron sulfate in the fall with a 3% composition;
in early spring, plants are treated with 1% mixture;
to combat spotting, pests, mildew, a 5% solution is used. Processing should be carried out on bare vines.

In addition to spraying, the agent is used for applying under a bush. This process is often combined with watering. The obvious signs of iron deficiency are: pale leaves, unripe bunches, small growth. Iron is especially low in alkaline soils. If these signs are noticed on the bushes, it is necessary to add the drug to the water for irrigation. For 10 liters of water, 15 g is enough.

The authors of articles in the dacha literature also note the disadvantages of spring application. In early spring, a solution of ferrous sulfate is able to slow down the development of plants: opening the buds, awakening from winter "hibernation". And if you miss the dosage, the concentrated solution can burn plant tissue. That is why it is recommended to use it with caution and mainly in the fall.

Nevertheless, there are recommendations for the use of ferrous sulfate in the spring in the garden. Acting with caution, observing the dosage, you can successfully process fruit trees and berry bushes in the garden with it. Reviews on the use of iron sulfate for treating the garden in spring are only positive, this is a very old and proven remedy.

Fight disease

In general, in print sources, in video blogs (not to mention an Internet article) they say who is in what! Dosages differ at times Well, how can you! We decided, first of all, to look: what about science. And looked ... that yeah ... in the textbook (Handbook on gardening, authors BD and LI Zhdanovich). But the textbook is old (1997). We hope that the information is not outdated, because I really want to get to the bottom of the truth.

The following are subject to processing with iron vitriol:

Fruit crops (apple, pear, plum, sweet cherry, cherry and others),
Berry crops (currants, raspberries, gooseberries and others),
Grapes.

The solution is sprayed not only on the plants, but also on the soil under them:

before the beginning of the growing season (early spring),
after vegetation (autumn).

Dosage for processing fruit and berry crops:

200 - 300 g of ferrous sulfate per 10 liters of water (2 - 3% solution).

In most modern periodicals for gardeners, treatment with a 3% solution is recommended, before bud break (through dormant buds), at the end of March - the first half of April.

Young trees should be handled carefully - their skin is thin and the concentrated solution can burn them. For the treatment of such trees, the dosage is usually reduced by 2 times.

Controlling mosses and lichens

To cleanse tree trunks from mosses and lichens, they are treated with a solution of ferrous sulfate of 3 - 5% concentration (that is, 300 - 500 grams per 10 liters of water). The trunks are "washed" with the prepared solution, allowed to dry a little, and then the hollows and large cracks are closed. Processing is carried out on dormant kidneys, in the month of March.

Adding to whitewash solution

Fight disease

The dosage for autumn processing is the same as for spring - 200 g or 300 grams per 10 liters.

The solution will strengthen plants, give a boost of energy and strength. In the literature, there are recommendations to use iron vitriol in old, neglected gardens.The solution treatment literally revives the plants, prolongs their life.

For young plants and berry bushes, the concentration of the solution should be less - 100 or 200 g of vitriol per 10 liters of water, so as not to burn the plants.

And for mature, old trees, a more concentrated solution is prepared: 300 g per 10 liters.

Branches, trunks, trunks are sprayed with a ready-made solution. Fallen leaves can also contain spores of fungal diseases, so they must be raked and burned, never put into compost.

In autumn, ferrous sulfate is used strictly after the leaves have fallen off. Both the trees themselves and the soil under them are sprayed.

Processing before whitewashing

This method is used before the autumn whitewashing.

Instructions for processing grapes:

Dissolve 50 g of ferrous sulfate in 10 liters of water. Processing is carried out in early spring, when there are still no buds and young leaves. Leaf treatment can harm the plant.
After dissolving the crystals, the vine is sprayed. Liquid can be applied with a brush.
In the fall, the solution should be stronger. Processing is carried out after harvesting and pruning the grapes.
Dissolve 300 g of iron salt in 10 l and treat the shoots in the same way.

Processing and feeding grapes with iron vitriol in spring

Instructions:

Dissolve 250 g of ferrous sulfate in 10 liters of water
Stir the solution thoroughly. Spray and water before buds appear
Watering with this solution will protect from the reproduction of parasites

Instructions:

Dissolve 300 g of ferrous sulfate in a bucket of water
Put the solution into a spray bottle and spray the leaves
Pour the rest of the liquid under the stems

Instructions:

Ferrous sulfate is used in combination with urea. As a result, you get a highly effective drug against pests and feeding the apple tree.
The urea solution is used for treatment with the addition of ferrous sulfate during the first spring spraying before the buds appear.
A weak solution (50 g per 10 l of water) is used to treat the tree a week after flowering.

Iron vitriol is an inexpensive and effective remedy for aphids, rot, lichens and moss. It allows you to fight chlorosis.

For treatments, a 5 and 3 percent solution is prepared (take 500 g and 300 g per 10 l, respectively).

The substance must not be mixed with phosphorus-containing insecticides, for example, with Karbofos, Fufanon, Iskra M, Inta-Ts-M. It is also forbidden to combine with substances of an alkaline reaction and lime.