Subcutaneous worms in humans, cats and dogs: what are the symptoms and treatment methods

Subcutaneous parasites are represented by various types of living organisms. These are bacteria, protozoa, worms, insects. Many people can live in peace for a long time, not knowing about the presence of parasites in their bodies. In the meantime, they will reproduce, increasing their population. The activities of foreign agents can have serious consequences. Subcutaneous parasites in humans cause various symptoms, inflammatory processes of the skin, intoxication, which in turn provokes disturbances in all systems of the body. Some cutaneous parasites are carriers of diseases.

Varieties of subcutaneous parasites and methods of infection

If you want to know who is crawling under the skin, then the following subcutaneous worms are found in people:

• Dirofilariasis... This ailment provokes the larval stage of the nematode. Infection occurs when a mosquito (louse, flea or tick) bites, which is a carrier of the disease. A sexually mature individual reaches a length of 30 cm, and the larva of this parasite is microscopic. After infection, it develops under the skin of a person for 3 months. Domestic cats and dogs can also transmit the infection.

• If we list what parasites live under the skin, then we cannot fail to mention filarium. Infection is caused by certain types of nematodes. In this case, various diseases arise: onchocerciasis, dipetalonematosis, loiasis and mansonellosis. The carriers of worms and their intermediate hosts are insects (mosquitoes, midges, horseflies, etc.). It is they who infect human filarias with larvae, as a result of which worms appear in the skin.

• Another skin parasite in humans is cysticercus larvae... They provoke cysticercosis. The invasion occurs through the intestines, where worms penetrate with dirty hands, water or food. Cysticercus is an oval vesicle containing the parasite's scolex inside. Subcutaneous worms can change from round to fusiform. Man acts as an intermediate master.

• Schistosomiasis Is a disease that is provoked by worms in a person from the order of trematodes. These are fluke worms up to 2 cm long. The larvae of this parasite, which can swim in water, are cercariae. They can penetrate the human body directly through the skin. This infection can live in any organ, including under the skin.

• Guinea worm - these are another worms under the skin. These white worms cause dracunculiasis and are classified as large nematodes. Their intermediate hosts are water-dwelling copepods. First, the parasite enters the human stomach, and then from the retroperitoneal space it penetrates the skin. Males reach a length of 10 cm, and females - 120 cm.

Harm to livestock

The breeding cycle of the bovine gadfly begins around June and ends in September. At this time, fertilized females are especially active, in search of a potential victim.

Parasitizing in the body of cattle, the subcutaneous gadfly often becomes the cause of the development of a very dangerous disease - hypodermatosis. This disease occurs after a long stay of the parasite in the body of its carrier, about 7 months.During this time, the larvae of the subcutaneous gadfly manage to injure the organs and tissues, as well as the skin of the animal, quite strongly.

On a note! The gadfly larvae secrete a special toxic substance - hypodermotoxin. Together with the meat and milk of an infected animal, it can enter the human body, having a negative effect on health!

Fistulas indicating the presence of hypodermatosis can be found on the body of animals from the last month of winter to mid-summer. At the same time, the larvae are able to exist in their capsules for quite a long time - about 1-3 months. After going outside, they fall to the ground, usually in manure, where they turn into pupae.

On a note! At the same time, even insects that have fallen out for pupation are dangerous - only 10 larvae, which are in the third stage of their development, are capable of infecting about 40% of the livestock population!

Symptoms of dirofilariasis

The larvae of this parasite with the bloodstream can spread throughout the body and settle in the eyes, pulmonary artery, heart, serous cavities, peri-renal fatty tissue and under the skin.

If there is an invasion by a type of worm called Dirofilaria repens, the conjunctiva or subcutaneous fat is affected.

The signs and symptoms of this disease are as follows:

• painful seals appear at the site of the insect bite;
• within a couple of days in a third of patients, there is a displacement of the seal by 20-30 cm from the site of the bite;
• a person may feel distension, burning and itching at the site of the bite;
• there is a feeling of crawling and wiggling under the skin;
• periods of remission are followed by episodes of exacerbation;
• the subcutaneous worm provokes the appearance of abscesses and boils (inside them, a worm lives in the connecting capsule);
• sometimes the abscesses break open on their own, and the white parasites crawl out of the skin.

Filariasis

This term is understood as a type of nematodosis, which is widespread in tropical countries. The parasites are spread by blood-sucking insects. Filariasis is difficult to diagnose. This is due to the long incubation period.

In some cases, the pathology develops over 7 years. During this period, parasites actively multiply and produce toxic elements that accumulate in the layers of the skin and organs.

When filariasis occurs in a person, the following manifestations may be present:

• Urticaria symptoms - the formation of small red rashes, which are accompanied by an itching sensation,
• Brief fever that comes on from time to time
• Rash like eczema
• Movable subcutaneous seals,
• Intoxication symptoms - increased fatigue, drowsiness,
• Loss of vision, development of glaucoma.

  

Symptoms of filariasis

Drits Irina Alexandrovna. Parasitologist
Helminthiasis can lead to numerous health problems, shortening life by 15-25 years. Many parasites are extremely difficult to detect. They can be anywhere - in the blood, intestines, lungs, heart, brain. Symptoms of helminthic invasion can be confused with ARVI, gastrointestinal diseases and others. The main mistake in such cases is procrastination! If you have any suspicions about the presence of parasites, then you need to see a specialist. More information about modern methods of treating helminthiasis is described in this interview with a doctor... If we talk about drugs and self-treatment, then from the most common helminths (ascaris, pinworms, tapeworms), this antiparasitic complex.

After invasion, filariasis can develop over several years. Various symptoms and signs can develop depending on the form of the disease.

Common to these parasitic diseases will be the appearance of ulcers and skin rashes, damage to the eyes and lymph nodes, fever, the development of elephantiasis of the scrotum and limbs, since these are muscle parasites.

Don't play with fish!

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12-year-old Indian boy Anil Barela from Madhya Pradesh once spent time with friends on the river. During the games, Anil felt that it became very difficult for him to breathe, after which he turned to doctors for help. A foreign object was found in the boy's lungs, and during the operation, surgeons removed an almost 9-centimeter fish from the lung. The “game” with swallowing live fish is quite popular among local children, but Barela, most likely, deliberately decided to try to “inhale” it, as it is hard to believe that such a large animal could have entered Anil's body by accident.

Onchocerciasis

With onchocerciasis, parasites in human muscles manifest themselves with the following symptoms:

• itchy skin;
• feverish condition;
• weakness;
• dryness and peeling of the skin;
• cutaneous hyperpigmentation (genitals, legs, axillary and groin folds);
• papular rash;
• erysipelas;
• papules can form long-lasting ulcers;
• under the skin, worms provoke atrophy of hair follicles, sweat glands and epidermis;
• painful fibrous nodes form under the skin;
• with eye damage, glaucoma, iridocyclitis, conjunctivitis, corneal cyst, keratitis and other eye diseases develop.

Demodecosis

This term is understood as a lesion with ticks, which belong to the genus Demodex. These parasites are localized in the structure of the sebaceous and meibomian glands.

Such parasites in human skin are accompanied by the following manifestations:

• acne eruptions,
• loss of eyelashes,
• violation of the structure of the dermis in the eye area.

  

It is not difficult to diagnose pathology. This can be done in a few minutes at your dermatologist's appointment.

Symptoms of cysticercosis

These parasites on human skin can easily penetrate with food into the digestive tract, where the embryo membrane dissolves and the larva emerges. They enter the bloodstream and are carried throughout the body.

After settling in certain organs, the larvae turn into cysticercus and provoke the appearance of the following symptoms:

• under the skin, multiple or single tumor-like painless oval formations appear (usually they are localized on the inner side of the shoulders, at the top of the chest and on the palms);
• in the seals, you can feel the cavity;
• over time, these seals grow;
• new formations appear;
• when conducting a histology of education, a cysticercus can be found inside;
• hives;
• rarely, the nodes fester, but more often they do not change for many years and occasionally resolve themselves.

The essence of the problem

Human skin is an attractive area for various microscopic parasitic organisms. The face is no exception. There are a number of areas on it that are a good refuge for the concentration of microorganisms: the nasal cavity, eyes, wrinkles, hair elements in the form of eyebrows, eyelashes, beard, mustache. The influence of parasites on the condition of the skin of the face can be direct, when they develop directly in this zone, or indirect. In the latter case, organisms such as worms, lamblia or other helminths settle in the gastrointestinal tract, but the symptoms of their activity appear on the face: acne, acne, etc.

The most common facial parasites are demodex subcutaneous mites. By settling under the skin on a person's face, these creatures cause a disease called demodicosis, which is expressed in noticeable and unsightly signs. Quite dangerous parasites are small trichinella worms, which migrate from the intestines, settle in the facial muscles, giving rise to the disease trichinosis. On areas of the face with hairy elements, lice can multiply, provoking the pathology of pediculosis.

Symptoms of schistosomiasis

Schistosome larvae can penetrate human skin directly from the aquatic environment. Within a few hours, they can be in the bloodstream.

When the skin is invaded, the following symptoms appear:

• hives;
• severe itching;
• spotty rashes occur every other day.

Then a period of calm ensues for several weeks. In the circulatory system, schistosomes reach the stage of sexually mature individuals and migrate into the vasculature of the genitourinary system.

After a couple of months, the patient develops the following symptoms:

• dry cough;
• feverish condition;
• hives;
• heavy sweating at night;
• enlargement of the liver;
• vaginal bleeding;
• blood in the urine;
• pathology of the prostate, kidneys and bladder;
• nodes on the genitals;
• infertility.

Important! In childhood, schistosomiasis contributes to a decrease in learning ability, anemia, developmental delay and memory impairment.

Routes of entry into the host's body

The subcutaneous gadfly is known for the fact that its larvae penetrate the skin of their host and migrate for some time in the tissues, causing parasitic diseases. But how do they get on the body of their master? This is provided by the female gadfly, which lays eggs on the skin of animals, most often she attaches them one by one to the wool, and after a while larvae emerge from them and take root under the integument.

Being in the first stage of their development, the larvae are constantly in the body of their host. With the approach of the second phase, just before the molt, they find themselves in the back area. During this period, on this part of the animal's body, nodules with fistulas - exit holes will be visible. Thanks to them, the gadfly larvae, which are under the skin, are able to breathe, and after a while they go out through these very openings.

Dracunculiasis symptoms

If a person drinks water containing infected copepods, then after their death, helminth larvae are released in the patient's digestive system.

They penetrate the retroperitoneal space and migrate through the lymphatic system into soft tissues. Only after 3 months, the female of this parasite can invade the skin or connective tissues for further development.

As the female grows, the patient develops the characteristic symptoms of the disease:

• an allergic reaction to infection appears only after 10-14 months in the form of urticaria, fainting, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting and suffocation;
• a year later, a rishtosis bladder appears on the skin (its diameter reaches 2-7 cm, but there are no signs of inflammation);
• you can see a helminth in the bladder;
• after a few days, the bubble itself opens and the necrotic masses are rejected;
• at autopsy, the patient feels a burning sensation and sharp pains.

Effects

Infection with a subcutaneous gadfly leads to the following consequences:

• In cows - a decrease in milk yield by about 7%.
• Young animals have growth retardation.
• For the leather industry, the skin of animals that have undergone hypodermatosis has holes, which spoils the raw hides.
• For the meat industry, the capsules in which the larvae developed require removal, which is why a large amount of meat is lost, sometimes with a strong infection, about 10% of the raw material has to be cut out.

Diagnosis of subcutaneous pests

In most cases, the diagnosis of the affected skin is carried out directly in the office of a specialist, who, upon visual examination, can already determine the disease. But to accurately identify the cause and concomitant lesions of internal organs, the patient is prescribed a comprehensive medical examination.

Firstly, it is necessary to clarify all the lesions, and secondly, in this way it is possible to find foci of accumulations of parasites (if any) and approximately determine their number.

If you find unpleasant symptoms in the form of a rash, itching and other changes, you should contact such specialists as:

• dermatologist;
• allergist;
• neuropathologist;
• medical psychologist;
• infectious disease specialist.

A comprehensive examination includes a visit to a neurologist and a medical psychologist, since itching and rash are often a simple psychological disorder. But such visits are due only to the lack of an accurate diagnosis, which was not made after examination by the local doctor.

In identifying the type of disease, laboratory diagnostics of the patient is especially important, which will accurately show the presence of parasites under the skin or in internal organs.

Such a survey includes two stages:

1. Direct diagnosis of parasites - a scraping or smear of mucous membranes is used to study changes. The direct method is used in case of a clear manifestation of the presence of parasites: skin redness, blisters, purulent acne.
2. The second stage involves the study of blood for the presence of antigen-antibody complexes, which precisely determines the immune response to the fight against parasites in the human body. As a rule, the discarded elements of the vital activity of parasites almost completely kill the protective antibodies, as a result of which the weakened immunity of the body is unable to overcome the invasion and activity of uninvited guests.

To prescribe treatment, it is necessary to accurately identify the type of parasite that has penetrated the human body.

Here, along with a skin scraping or a smear of mucous membrane, hair, blood, nails, feces, the contents of blisters on the skin and other important biological materials are often taken for analysis.

It is impossible to tell exactly about the treatment of parasites under the skin. Here, their localization, area and stage of the lesion play an important role.

Only the following techniques can be cited as general information:

1. Subcutaneous mites must be removed by using drugs based on the elimination of all types of parasites in the body. Here, specialists often prescribe acaricidal agents, such as Trichopolum, as well as antihistamines. As an external application, antibiotics ointments and gels, as well as vasoconstrictor drugs, for example, an aqueous adrenaline-resorcinol solution, act as an effective remedy. The instructions for use and the treatment regimen will be explained by the doctor depending on the stage of the lesion.
2. Dracunculiasis is subject to surgical intervention. Including all kinds of worms that have spread under the skin of a person or have already struck the internal organs. The danger of such lesions lies in the spread of parasites in the internal organs, which often causes the brain to suffer. That is why the patient needs to undergo a complete comprehensive examination to find out the localization of the worms.

The general principle of removing parasites from the body occurs in two ways - a conservative method and surgical intervention.

It is not recommended to use alternative methods in the case of the treatment of subcutaneous parasites, since it will take a long time, and the damage to the body can already be serious and have consequences for the patient's later life.

Trichinosis treatment

With early treatment, you can easily get rid of parasites. The drugs Vermox, Albendazole, Mebendazole destroy larvae, adults, unborn embryos. Allergy relief drugs: Tavegil, Suprastin. If you develop myocarditis or pneumonia, your doctor will prescribe corticosteroids.

Attention! The appointment of corticosteroids is possible only with complications of the disease, since they lead to an increase in the reproductive activity of females.

If the treatment is done poorly, relapses are noted after 1-2 weeks. Females who survived in the intestines are active.

Treatment with folk remedies:

1. Crushed tansy flowers (2 tbsp. L.) Pour 0.5 liters of water, boil over low heat for 10 minutes, wait an hour before cooling, filter. Reception 3 times a day 30 minutes before meals for a whole month.Destroys adults, normalizes bowel function, bile secretion.
2. Take 1 tsp. milk thistle oil 3 times a day with meals, a course of 30 days. Restores the intestines, removes toxins, helps the liver.

Folk remedies are not able to cope with the larvae, they only relieve adults living in the intestines, relieve intoxication. Self-treatment is completely excluded. Therapy should be carried out under the supervision of a physician.

April 28, 2020, 16:08 Article expert: Blinova Daria Dmitrievna 0 9,099

Parasites on the human face are considered quite common. They are safe for health, but they noticeably spoil the appearance and bring a lot of inconvenience to their owner. To regain beauty and perfection in appearance, you have to resort to urgent treatment. In addition, modern medicine offers a wide variety of medications, ointments and other cosmetics needed to eliminate parasites.

It's important to know! Even "neglected" parasites can be removed at home, without surgeries and hospitals, using learn more >>>

Preventive measures

Of course, it is advisable to prevent any disease, than to engage in long-term and not always effective treatment. This issue is especially acute for the prevention of subcutaneous parasites.

No one today is immune from the danger of pathogenic microorganisms entering the body, however, there are some rules that will allow you to maximally protect yourself.

• It is necessary to wash your hands not only before eating, but also after returning home from the street. It is especially important to do this every time there is contact with public goods.
• All personal hygiene products, as well as cosmetics, are purely individual items. In no case should you allow your lipstick or creams to be used, as they may contain parasite eggs.
• You should not put on other people's things, as their true owner may be infected with parasites.
• It is important to always wash vegetables and fruits before eating, and do not drink tap water.
• Wounds that appear on the skin must be immediately treated with an antiseptic so as not to make this place attractive to insects.

There are various types of subcutaneous parasites in humans, which can not only cause discomfort, but also infect dangerous diseases. It is important to carry out preventive measures and immediately consult a doctor if an infection is suspected.

Scabies

This is a fairly common anomaly. Mites lead to its development, which enter the deep structures of the epidermis and form a large number of small passages. Infection with scabies mites is carried out by direct contact. You can only get infected from a sick person or when using household items.

For scabies, the following manifestations are characteristic:

• Severe itching of the skin, which increases at night,
• Bubble formation in the area of ​​scratching,
• Skin rashes - the passages are clearly visible on the areas treated with iodine,
• The predominant lesion of the upper limbs and the area of ​​the joints.

  

It is not difficult to make an accurate diagnosis. However, therapy takes a long period of time.

How to get rid of subcutaneous parasites?

The fight against worms developing under the skin is based on the use of superficial and drug methods, as well as surgical operations.

Superficial treatment

Methods of superficial action are used to combat helminths that live in the epidermis (for example, scabies and demodicosis).

In case of scabies, the skin is rubbed with medications such as Spregal, Permethrin, Monosulfiram, Malathion... These medicines are rubbed all over the body at night. The course lasts 2 weeks. Persons who have been in contact with an infected person are advised to carry out the same procedures.

With demodicosis, suspensions, ointments, solutions, gels, scrubs, cryotherapy are used, which reduce the secretion of sebum, deprive food and reduce the negative effects of the parasite.

With other types of helminths, external manifestations are removed with the help of ointments with steroids and antibiotics.

All ointments, specially selected by doctors, relieve inflammation, deprive parasites of motor activity and kill them.

Local procedures must be applied in moderation, avoiding damage to the skin, so as not to disturb the acid-base balance, and to exclude the attachment of pathogenic microbes to the pathology.

IMPORTANT! When starting a course of therapy at a hot temperature, it is necessary to wash the laundry and warm the pillows in the bright sun.

Medicines

For each type of helminth, its own medicine is applied, which is prescribed by a doctor, in accordance with the stage of the disease.

Some drugs completely kill parasites, others immobilize them and prevent reproduction.

When the helminth dies, a person may experience signs of intoxication - headache, nausea, vomiting, so the drugs are carefully selected. Allowed to take Enteroseptol, Atoxil, activated carbon.

The main diseases are necessarily treated with pathologies from other organs. Symptomatic therapy is used.

Surgical methods

Intervention by surgeons is necessary to remove the parasite through the incision.

The operation takes place as usual under local anesthesia. A surgeon needs to be a virtuoso and a master of his craft, so that when removing a helminth, pull it out completely, without dividing it into parts.

Rehabilitation methods after surgery include therapy with antibacterial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory drugs, as well as antiparasitic drugs.

Trichinosis

The disease is caused by small roundworms, which are only 1.5-3 mm long. In the muscles located on the face under the skin, they get into the blood. Infection occurs when Trichinella is swallowed with food. Pig meat, wild animals with insufficient heat treatment. They need veins of meat to survive in meat.

What happens when you get infected:

1. Intestinal phase. Ingestion of larvae. In just 1 hour, under the influence of gastric juice, the protective capsule dissolves. Trichinella "matures" in 3-4 days, then the females begin to lay larvae (2000 each), the process takes 10-45 days, then the females die.
2. The migration of larvae throughout the body begins from the 6th day of invasion.
3. They settle in striated muscles, grow, curl up and await a new host. After 21-28 days, the larvae are covered with a protective capsule and can remain in this state for a quarter of a century.

The larvae that did not reach the muscles die. They do not develop in the human body, they need to get into the body of a rat or a pig.

Important! The lethal concentration of larvae for humans is 5 pieces per 1 kg of body weight.

1. The invasive stage begins 7 days after the invasion, when the worms multiply. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, colic, refusal to eat, stomach ache are noted.
2. After 10 days from the beginning of migration, a transition to dissemination occurs. It is characterized by swelling of the face, muscle pain, skin rashes, itching, fever of 38-40 degrees, burning. There are lesions of the heart, central nervous system, respiratory system.
3. Convalescence period, encapsulation, 17 days after infection. The larvae settle in the muscles, becoming covered with capsules, which leave behind large erosive zones.

Trichinosis can be diagnosed through the analysis of feces, adults and larvae may be present there. The most reliable way is to take muscle tissue. Also, a skin-allergic test, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibodies is carried out.

Subcutaneous worms in dogs: general information

To begin with, there are no “specialized” canine worms living directly under the skin.Fortunately, our climate does not favor them. All subcutaneous parasites are either an uncharacteristic form of "ordinary" helminthic pathologies, or "lost" parasite larvae at the stage of migration.

However, some parasitologists (not only veterinary, but also medical) are inclined to believe that some types of parasites, until now found only in Southeast Asia and India, can eventually expand their habitat. We can only hope that this will not happen soon.

Subcutaneous form of dirofilariasis

The disease is caused by the parasite Dirofilaria repens. Under normal conditions, worms of this type parasitize ... directly in the chambers of the heart, as well as large blood vessels, especially preferring the pulmonary and coronary arteries. There they feed on both blood and vascular membranes.

Infection routes

But how can such specialized helminths get into an environment that is completely unusual for them? It's all about their life cycle, on some features of which it is necessary to dwell separately:

• There is no other way of infection, except through the bite of blood-sucking insects (mosquitoes or mosquitoes). The larvae of the parasite for several days live in the body of bloodsuckers, ripening to the required stage. They enter the mouth apparatus of mosquitoes when an insect bites a sick animal, in whose blood larvae (microfilariae) of the first stage of development have appeared.
• When a mosquito bites a healthy dog, the larvae, hypothetically, go to the heart and large vessels, where they remain in the future. The problem is that not all parasites cope with the blood flow, which is why they can end up in any organ of the animal, including under the skin.

If the larva is unlucky, and it really turns out to be "locked" in the subcutaneous tissue, the developmental cycle changes somewhat. The growth of the parasite slows down somewhat (in comparison with individuals in the heart), this process takes about three months. Note that adult parasites no longer leave the subcutaneous adipose tissue.

They grow to sexual maturity approximately nine months after infection. Note that in the subcutaneous form, the body length rarely reaches seven or more centimeters, while females rarely grow even up to five centimeters. The movement of parasites under the skin hurts the dog, and worms contribute to frequent inflammatory reactions and the development of allergies.

The larvae secreted by adult females into the blood can no longer harm the animal. Even if they end up in the heart at least dozens of times a day, young parasites need a mosquito or a mosquito for their further development. In the blood of a dog, microfilariae can live for about two years, after which they die.

Interesting fact. Scientists still have not come to a consensus about the causes of this phenomenon, but in practice it has been repeatedly noticed that with the subcutaneous form of dirofilariasis, for some reason, more than 90% of all worms are females. In the "classic" form of this disease, the gender distribution is much more even.

Symptoms of subcutaneous helminthiasis

However, everything is not always so bad. Very often the sick dog has no symptoms at all, or is too weak for the breeder to pay attention to them. But still, more often the clinical picture is quite clear, but not too specific, which makes it difficult to attribute its manifestations to signs of helminthiasis:

• Lumpy nodular dermatitis. In this case, some areas of the dog's skin (most often on the face) are covered with small and dense nodules, and the tissues around them slightly swell and become denser. As a rule, there is no itching.
• The formation of skin papules. As in the past, nodules form on the pet's skin, but there is a cloudy liquid inside them.In addition, there is no swelling and seals near the papules themselves, but there is severe itching, due to which the dog loses rest, and sometimes scratches his skin almost to the point of meat.
• Sudden baldness. It also does not develop over the entire surface of the animal's skin, but affects only some of its parts. It is often accompanied by itching, which is why the dog itches constantly and even gnaws at itself. All this leads to the introduction of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microflora into the surface layers of the skin, which contributes to the development of rather serious inflammations.
• Other types of dermatitis. Since the worms constantly move in the subcutaneous tissue, feed and excrete a large amount of their waste products, the dog's body reacts to this accordingly. If there are many parasites, large areas of the skin can become inflamed; in the most severe cases, the inflammation covers almost the entire body of the dog.

In advanced cases, the pathology is also accompanied by intense intoxication of the dog's body. Things get really bad when there are really a lot of worms in the dog's subcutaneous tissue. Cases are described when during the autopsy more than three hundred (!) Parasites were found. Since they all need to eat, the pet's body has a hard time.

The animal drinks a lot, but at the same time refuses to eat, becomes lethargic and extremely apathetic. The worst is the liver and kidneys of the dog, through which its body tries to remove toxins. Unfortunately, it is easy to find out about this, since the urine becomes dark red, and it can smell very unpleasant.

In the most severe cases, the skin and all visible mucous membranes turn noticeably yellow. This happens when parasite toxins have contributed to severe liver damage.

Danger to pets

Gadfly larvae can also appear in a dog. The most likely sites of infection in this case are areas where tall grass grows and there can be a sufficient population of rodents.

On a note! Even puppies that have never been on the street can be infected with the larvae of the subcutaneous gadfly. In this case, the cause of infection will be their mother, who brought the parasites on her fur!

Treatment

When dogs are infected with a subcutaneous gadfly, treatment will depend on the developmental stage of the parasites.

1. Safe extraction of the larva from the pet's body is possible provided that the parasite has already completed its migration and has stopped in a certain place. At the same time, it can be found not only in the back area, as in most cases with cattle, but also in the nose and in the eye.
2. If the larva of the subcutaneous gadfly is still at the first stage of its development and is still migrating in the body, then it would be advisable to use one of the antiparasitic drugs, which characterizes a wide spectrum of action. Such agents can neutralize insects and relieve symptoms if parasites are suspected of moving to the lungs of the animal.
3. If the latter diagnosis is confirmed, corticosteroids are often given as well.

Important! It is advisable to detect a subcutaneous gadfly in the dog's body as early as possible. If you delay, then the vital activity of the parasite can lead to irreversible neurological damage. And with especially bad forecasts, the only way out is euthanasia!

Prophylaxis

If your pet has weak immunity, then infection with the larvae of the subcutaneous gadfly can occur annually. To prevent this, you can resort to the following preventive measures:

• during the period of high activity of the gadfly, do not take walks in places with dense tall grass;
• before going outside, treat the dog's coat and body with antiparasitic drugs, preferably with a wide spectrum of action;
• constantly inspect the body of your pet for the presence of bumps and, if any, contact your veterinarian immediately.

Pay attention to your dog's behavior as well. If she is constantly combing a certain place, then, it is quite possible that the larva of the subcutaneous gadfly is now trying to penetrate there. In this case, it is advisable to inspect again and, if there is no visible damage, to treat this area with an antiparasitic drug.

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Aaron Dallas and Rochelle Harris

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In the summer of 2007, US student Aaron Dallas spent his vacation traveling in Central America. The young man received many vivid, memorable impressions, and when he returned home, he noticed several strange bulges on his head and rushed to the hospital. At first, doctors assumed that the unusual marks appeared as a result of insect bites, until the "bumps" began to move. In the course of a detailed examination, it turned out that five larvae of flies settled under the scalp. As Aaron himself later said, for some time he heard an incomprehensible noise emanating from the bulges, and when he touched them, he felt as if something was moving under the skin, but he thought it was caused by a rush of blood. When the doctors figured out the causes of the painful growths, all the larvae were immediately removed.

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By the way, a similar incident happened to 27-year-old Rochelle Harris when she was in Peru. Upon returning to England, the girl began to have headaches, but doctors did not immediately find their cause, suggesting that it was just an infection that Harris brought with her from South America. However, the prescribed treatment did not help, in addition, Rochelle began to hear incomprehensible sounds. When one of the doctors guessed to look into the ear, he found a small hole in the ear canal, and in it - the larvae. The girl remembered how the annoying fly entered her ear, but the insect was quickly driven away. She had never imagined that the flies needed only a few seconds to lay their eggs. For several hours the doctors tried to extract the "uninvited guests", but the larvae did not give in, crawling into the depths of the auditory canal, they even tried to "drown" them with olive oil, but this did not help either. Finally, after much effort, eight large and still living larvae of one of the species of flies found in Peru were taken out of Rochelle's ear.

Boy - "aquarium"

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A 14-year-old teenager from India went to the hospital, as he experienced severe pain during urination, and they arose quite unexpectedly - before that he had never had such problems in his life. Doctors quickly identified the source of the painful sensations - there was a small fish in the guy's bladder.

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Trying to "catch" her, the doctors tried several different methods and as a result decided to use the urethroscope (whoever knows this unpleasant procedure knows what the teenager had to go through). According to the boy, he was cleaning the aquarium and he wanted to use the toilet. Without letting go of one of the fish, he went to the lavatory, where the fish slipped out and ended up there, from where it was later removed by the doctors.

Trichomonas

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Trichomonas is a unicellular flagellar microorganism. Some types of Trichomonas are perfectly safe, but there are also real killers. In birds, these parasites can cause severe inflammation in the mouth and pharynx, as a result of which the bird cannot swallow and eventually dies. Another type of Trichomonas (Trichomonas vaginalis) parasitizes in the urogenital organs of a person and causes a serious disease of trichomoniasis, which today is the most common disease of the genitourinary tract on Earth. Medical statistics say that almost every tenth inhabitant of the planet suffers from this disease.

Artyom Sidorkin and his "prickly surprise"

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Russian Artem Sidorkin in 2009 was taken to the hospital with severe chest pains and coughing up blood.Of course, doctors immediately began to suspect cancer, especially since a 5-centimeter spot was clearly visible on the X-rays of one of the lungs. During the operation, amazed surgeons took out a small Christmas tree from an absolutely healthy lung: a coniferous twig grew, touching some of the capillaries, which caused unbearable pain. After the thorny "guest" was taken out, Artyom quickly recovered.

Sakkulina

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Barnacle parasitizes crabs. It literally grows through the entire body of the owner, sucking out nutritious juices from it. The crab gradually weakens and even loses the ability to regenerate. When the time comes for the parasite to reproduce, it supplies special chemicals into the crab's blood, under the influence of which the female crabs begin to care for the eggs of the parasites as if they were their own. The parasite-infested male crab refuses to mate, and instead, under the influence of chemical intoxication, takes care of the parasite's eggs in the same way as the female.