Roses in the Moscow region: shelter for the winter, the best varieties and cultivation features

Roses of Cordes are a relatively young garden group, owing their origin to the hybrid of the rose Cordes (Rosa x kordesii), which was obtained from the varieties Rugosa and Vihuraiana (Rosa rugosa x R. wichuraiana). When breeding roses of this variety, special attention was paid to frost resistance and unpretentiousness of plants. The company Kordes (W. Kordes ’Söhne), whose founder once bred this garden group of roses, is one of the ten oldest leading rose nurseries in the world. There are dozens of varieties and hybrid forms in the company's catalog today.

Breeding history

At the beginning of the 20th century, Peter Lambert (breeder from Germany) developed "Trier" - a variety that became the first related to musk roses. The selection result not only shocked ordinary florists, but also impressed the specialists. Lambert bred a very fragrant, profusely (and repeatedly) blooming rose. Other breeders were also engaged in the development of new varieties. For example, Lambert's assistants, the Bentall spouses, created the ballerina variety, Joseph Pemberton (England) authored such varieties as Cornelia, Penelope, Louis Lens Rosen opened a huge nursery (Belgium) where for many years and develop new varieties of magnificent aromatic plants. Musk roses are the name for a fairly extensive range of hybrids, such as:

• phoenecia,
• moschata;
• mulliganii;
• arvensis;
• multiflora;
• sempervirens.

  

When to open

The opening of rose bushes in spring should be timely, which will insure the bushes from damping and freezing. Rose bushes should be opened in spring after the weather is warm enough. It is best to remove the shelter in late March or early April. Spruce branches and dry foliage used as shelter for roses should be removed gradually as the soil thaws.

It is recommended to open roses after winter in cloudy and calm weather, so that the bright spring sun does not dry out the aboveground part of the ornamental plant. It is advisable to shade fully open rose bushes from the sun, which minimizes the risk of sunburn on the aboveground part. After removing the shelter and pruning, but before the foliage blooms, it is very important to feed the rose bushes. a solution of ammonium nitrate, at the rate of 30 g per square meter or a solution of urea at the rate of a tablespoon per bucket of warm water. After a park of weeks, feeding with such a nutrient composition should be repeated.

Features of plants

The best varieties of musk roses can be huge (up to two meters in height) plants or quite compact. These roses are ideal for growing in a small garden, in a flower bed. Musk roses differ from their decorative "relatives" in that it is better to admire them at a distance, and not close. In this case, you can fully appreciate all the splendor of these flowering bushes.

Unlike the flowers of the usual garden roses, in musk hybrids, they, collected in brushes, bloom almost simultaneously, turning the bush into a kind of air cloud. All musk roses bloom very profusely, so they are a real boon for lovers of bright colors in the garden landscape.The flowering period is accompanied by minor rest breaks, which allows gardeners to admire the splendor of the bushes throughout the season.

The exquisite aroma of these roses should be noted separately. It is very strong, with floral-fruity notes, with a bit of musk - a substance appreciated in perfumery. Moreover, in order to feel it, you do not need to bend over to the flowers, a musk rose, even one, is able to fill the entire garden with a magnificent aroma. The most aromatic varieties include "Cornelia", "Felicia", "Daphnia".

Shelter for the winter

Soil and climatic conditions near Moscow complicate somewhat the cultivation of thermophilic ornamental crops, therefore it is very important to timely care for roses, which includes, among other things, sheltering bushes for the winter in accordance with the following recommendations:

• remove leaves from rose bushes;
• correct pruning of bushes, depending on the species characteristics;
• carefully dig up the soil under the rose bushes on the bayonet of the shovel, being careful not to damage the root system;
• the aerial part of scrubs and climbing varieties, as well as standard roses should be bent to the ground and placed on a layer of spruce branches;
• spud the root system of the bushes with peat, coarse sand or dry sawdust to a height of 15 centimeters;
• hybrid roses or floribunda should be earthed as much as possible, almost completely.

There are different ways to cover rose bushes for the winter. The most reliable is the use of the method of air-dry shelter with the arrangement of a frame structure over the bushes. Stretch Kraft paper over the frame arcs and cover it with foil. The advantage of the air-dry shelter is the possibility of airing.

In the southern regions of the Moscow region and in not too frosty winters, it is advisable to use a shelter made of dry foliage, wood shavings or dry sawdust pressed against spruce branches, which allows you to retain snow and protect the snow mass from compaction. A good result is obtained by using arcs with a tightly stretched lutrasil.

Covering rose bushes for the winter should be on a not rainy day, with the onset of stable, slightly negative temperatures. Using the air-dry method, rose bushes are best covered in early November. The use of lutrasil for warming roses involves the implementation of a shelter already in October. Austin's wintering roses are the most resistant to frost, which invariably receive positive reviews and high marks from flower growers. Therefore, the shelter of such rose bushes may not be very strong.

Where is the best place to plant the bushes?

We have already said that it is better to admire these flowers from a distance, so they should be planted in the very last row of the flower garden. Varieties with a strong aroma will be appropriate next to a gazebo or garden benches. In the foreground, flower beds can be grown, perhaps, only musk roses of the "ballerina" variety.

Small flowers of this plant form spherical bushes. Musk roses look great with other varieties of roses, for example, with a teahouse, as well as with decorative grains. Climbing varieties are best planted next to clematis, together they create an excellent visual range.

How and when to plant in spring

It is possible to plant roses on the territory of the Moscow region both in spring and in autumn, but spring planting is preferable, which allows the seedlings of an ornamental plant to root well and adapt to growing conditions before the onset of winter frosts. To plant roses right you should adhere to the following recommendations of experienced florists and gardeners:

• for planting and growing, you should purchase only high-quality planting material of Russian or Dutch production, be sure to be properly grafted or rooted;
• for spring planting, it is recommended to purchase planting material in the spring, which does not require storing pink seedlings during the winter season;

• for growing roses, it is recommended to allocate elevated areas, well-lit and warmed by the sun;
• before planting, the soil must be pre-treated with one and a half or two bayonets of a shovel with the introduction of wood ash, compost or well-rotted manure;
• medium-sized varieties and hybrids of roses should be planted with a distance of 50 cm from each other, and the distance between seedlings of vigorous varieties and hybrids cannot be less than a meter;
• before planting, it is imperative to shorten the shoots on grafted pink seedlings, and on self-rooted plants, shoots do not need to be shortened.

Thus, in the middle zone of our country, including the Moscow region, as well as in the northern regions and in the Urals, it is best to plant roses in the spring, from about mid-April to the last decade of May, the main thing is that the buds on the pink seedlings do not begin to swell.

Musk roses: care

According to most gardeners who are already growing these plants on their plots, their advantages include simple cultivation and maintenance. Such roses tolerate shading well, are able to grow in not very rich soil. Although many growers note that these roses are responsive to care. The main rule that everyone who is going to grow these fragrant flowers should remember is the order of pruning. Only dead and diseased shoots are removed from these plants.

Roses are bent down for the winter. This is not difficult to do, since the shoots are very flexible. Musk roses do not need grafting to propagate, they reproduce well by cuttings. These roses are very hardy, and if you dream of growing a rose garden on your site, then it is best to start with the musky varieties. Below we will present the most popular ones.

On the basic principles of agricultural technology

Hybrid tea roses

Roses of the Cordes group are very easy to grow, which is perhaps the main advantage of this variety over others. These plants do well both in the shade and in the sun. They successfully take root on almost all types of soils, are resistant to any weather conditions and sudden temperature changes.

Landing

The optimal planting time is May-June or September-October. Better to plant bushes in cloudy weather. If at the site for planting groundwater lies close to the surface of the earth, then drainage from crushed stone should be laid at the bottom of the planting pit.

You can put a layer of compost on the bottom of the planting pit

Immediately before planting the plant, you can lay a layer of compost (about 5 cm, no more) on the bottom of the planting pit. The top fertile soil layer pours out on top. This is done to avoid direct contact of the roots of the bush with the fertilizer.

The depth of the pit should be on average 30-40 cm.

Important! The varieties of Cordes cannot be planted in places where other roses have been growing for more than 5 years.

Balerina

The bushes of this variety are spreading and dense, reaching a height of one meter. Leaves are shiny, leathery. Thorns with a reddish tinge. The buds are slightly elongated and pointed at the top. The flowers are small (no more than four centimeters in diameter), fragrant, painted in a pale pink color, collected in large inflorescences (up to 100 buds).

The variety is distinguished by long and abundant flowering. When pruned correctly, it blooms again.

English roses by David Austin

English roses Austin, Austin. Flower shape of English roses. The best varieties and 5 main aromas of English roses

English roses by David Austin (in Russian they are sometimes called ostinki) Is a relatively new type roses, which became popular in the 80s of the XX century. Austin english roses are distinguished by reliability, growth stability, resistance to adverse environmental conditions, abundant and long flowering and versatility of use.However, many of them require minimal attention from the gardener.

Austin shrub roses - Ideal addition to a flower garden, mixborder or foreground of a group of shrubs. Austinki often form a lush bush, the lower branches of which can bend elegantly almost to the ground (harmonious rounded shape of the bush is a quality that is specially achieved when breeding roses in the nursery of David Austin). Qualities English roses allow you to use them in the garden in any way convenient for the gardener. If you want a neat, medium-sized shrub, prune English roses to a height of 30-50 cm from the ground every spring (see also: Roses. First spring treatment). If you want to get a spreading lush bush, then cut English roses very little. If the gardener needs climbing roses to cover a solar wall or pergola, then ostinki with proper pruning and training, they are perfect for this purpose as well. And finally, if you are patient, then if you want, you can create from your English rose stem tree.

Robin hood

A very showy plant with crimson flowers. It grows up to one and a half meters in height. Width - about one hundred and twenty centimeters, wider specimens are much less common. The variety is resistant to disease. Although the flowers of this species are rather small, they easily compensate for this "disadvantage" by blooming in large clusters throughout the season.

Flowers can be of two types: semi-double and non-double. All of them are painted in cherry or crimson tones, with a white center, and a lot of white "streaks" on the petals. The center of the flower is decorated with a bunch of golden stamens, which turn brown rather quickly. The brushes are dense, often resembling large crimson balls. Leaves are dark green in color. The variety is vigorous, disease resistant.

The best roses of Cordes for the Moscow region

Without exception, all roses of Cordes are very winter-hardy, but the following varieties are the most cold-resistant:

• Parole is a vigorous shrub with large goblet buds of dark crimson color. The aroma is strong, the foliage is glossy. The height of the bush is 90 cm.
• La Perla is one of the most stable light roses, which withstands both severe cold and the scorching sun equally well, without fading in direct sunlight. The height of the bush is 70-80 cm. The variety blooms profusely and is resistant to black spot.
• Beverly is a variety with bright pink double flowers and a rich aroma. The height of the bush is 80 cm.
• Marvel is an unusual two-tone hybrid of reds, yellows and oranges. The height of the bush is 60-70 cm.
• Kupferkönigin is a variety with bright yellow buds. The petals do not fade in the sun. Suitable for cutting. The height of the bush is 85 cm.

Roses of Cordes look advantageous when landscaping vertical structures: fences, pergolas, gazebos, but this is not limited to their scope. They are used to create ampel cascades, as well as when decorating high stone walls. In addition, many vigorous varieties, such as the Schloss Eutin roses, are often grown as solitary elements as they do not need support.

This group of roses is perhaps the most interesting among others due to increased frost resistance, because many do not plant the "queen of the garden", fearing annual shelters for the winter. With the Cordes varieties, this problem has been solved, although in the first year, breeders advise to warm the seedlings for the winter, but this is at the discretion of the grower. Having chosen the variety you like, the main thing is to plant the plant correctly and provide further care, and then the rose will thank you with its abundant and unusual flowering.

Cornelia

A plant with delicate pink-apricot flowers. The bush grows up to one hundred and sixty centimeters with a width of more than one and a half meters. Small semi-double flowers are striking in their huge amount. They bloom from coral red buds.

The reverse side of the petals remains salmon pink. This variety differs from others with wavy petals.In extreme heat, the color usually fades. The flowers form large brushes. In the first flowering up to twenty-five pieces, in autumn their number is almost twice as large. The leaves are dark green, shiny. Shoots are smooth, almost without thorns.

Flower shape of English roses

Breeders distinguish several basic forms double flowers english roses: pompom, shallow bowl, deep bowl, open bowl, rosette, cross rosette and back-curved. English roses dazzle the imagination with the number of folded petals in the flower, which create a velvet effect and a stunning play of light and shadow. In a harmonious cupped flower of the variety Teasing georgia

about 110 petals, and in a cruciform rosette magnificent variety
William Shakespeare 2000
- about 120.

Rose Felicia

This variety is famous for its salmon pink flowers. The height of the bush reaches one hundred and sixty centimeters, the width is about one hundred and eighty centimeters. The variety is resistant to disease. Many growers consider this to be one of the best musk rose hybrids. It has the largest flowers, the most beautiful color and the longest flowering period.

The flowers are double, the petals are long, with a pink back with an apricot shade and creamy bases. Flowers are formed in clusters of large sizes (up to fifteen pieces). In autumn, the brushes become larger, and their number also increases (up to fifty pieces). The bush is quite sprawling, but requires only minimal pruning, especially in the early years. The foliage is large, dark green, shiny, the thorns are large.

Characteristics of popular varieties

Rose Cordes diamond

Among the whole variety of Cordes roses, the best varieties can be distinguished, which not only have absorbed the best features of the group - high cold resistance and immunity to many diseases, but also have a particularly attractive appearance. These varieties include the following:

• Alchemist. The variety is interesting in that its buds change the color of the petals depending on the ambient temperature. The flowers of the Alchemist reach 10 cm in diameter, and their color varies from yellow to rich peach with a pinkish tint. It is grown as a climbing or bush culture. The height of the bush is about 2-3 m. A distinctive feature of the variety is its strong branching.
• Ilze Kron Superior is one of the most beautiful white roses. However, it cannot be called snow-white, since the flower petals of this variety are creamy. The buds themselves are large, more than 10 cm in diameter, terry. They group compact inflorescences of 4-5 flowers.
• Blue Boy is a rose of the scrub group. This is a dwarf shrub, the height of which rarely reaches 50 cm. Compared to other Blue Boy varieties, it stands out with flowers of a pink-lilac shade. The bush blooms so densely that it needs to be tied up, as the branches of the plant can break under the weight of the buds.
• Angela is a bright representative of the romantic trend in the selection of roses. This Cordes rose belongs to the floribunda group. It blooms with caps of small carmine-red bowl-shaped flowers with a pale pink center. Not afraid of heat or rain. The bush is dense, tall, branched. Angel buds smell like green apples.

Roses Cordes Angela

• Limbo is a dwarf shrub with cone-shaped flowers. The variety differs in an unusual color - the petals of the buds are painted yellow, which turns into green at the edges. The height of the bush is 1 m.
• Kvadra is a bright red rose with large, double flowers, collected in small inflorescences. The height of the bush reaches 2 m. This variety is distinguished by a rich fruity aroma and the shape of the buds, characteristic of old roses - the flowers can be conditionally divided into 4 parts.
• Anniversary of Cordes. The description of the variety indicates that it was created for the 125th anniversary of the Cordes company. Rose Kordes Jubilee is a vigorous, dense shrub with strong shoots. The aroma of a plant of medium intensity with pronounced notes of vanilla, heliotrope and jasmine. The Jubilee Cordes rose blooms with large yellow flowers, the petals of which have a red edging.
• Larissa (or Larissa) is a ground cover rose with a faint scent. The flowers of the Larissa rose are small, their diameter does not exceed 5-6 cm. The petals are colored in a gradient - a creamy pink hue turns into a rich pink. Branched bush, dense. Rosa Larissa practically does not get sick with powdery mildew and black spot.

Flower propagation

The propagation of the Cordes rose also takes place according to certain rules that help prevent problems from occurring.

When is it produced

Breeding is best done in late summer and early autumn. This is the most favorable period for rooted inflorescences.

Detailed description

In the fall, pruning is necessary to separate the seedlings for propagation. For this, it is worth choosing shoots with good and swollen buds. It is recommended to store the cut workpiece in a cool room, where the temperature does not rise above 5 degrees Celsius. During the first warming period, seedlings can be planted in shallow holes, pretreated with mineral fertilizers.

Preparation

Usually Tantau mix roses grow on one flower bed for a lifetime. Therefore, you need to prepare the ground. Lay the topsoil separately.

Musk roses

Note! If roses are planted along the paths, they dig trenches instead of a pit.

They mix the dug earth with rotted manure (6-10 kg, you can take horse manure), wood ash (300-500 gr.). If the soil is heavy, sand is added (1 part to 3 parts of soil with manure).

Plants are planted, leaving a space of at least 1 meter between them.

Most often, the shoots of purchased plants are covered with a waxy film. It is necessary to remove it by dipping the seedlings into cold water.

24 hours before planting, the roots of the roses are immersed in the stimulating solution. They use Kornevin, Heteroauskin, Epin. Then the seedlings are cut by 1/3.

Prepare a place for planting in autumn or spring (2-3 weeks before the start of work).

Diseases, pests and ways to control them

German roses Kordes are quite resistant to pests. With improper care, aphids, spider mites or thrips can appear on them. In autumn and winter, the plant can become infected with gray mold or powdery mildew.

Spraying bushes

Important! To prevent the development of pathologies, it is necessary to carry out periodic preventive spraying and treatment with fungicides.

Flowers of Cordes are beautiful and unpretentious. They are often used for landscape design, help to refine the territory or simply create beautiful bouquets. Flowers of this group are distinguished by a variety of shades and shapes, which allows you to choose the right plant for every taste.

About rain-resistant roses

Rain resistant roses are not afraid of moisture or hot weather and always retain their decorative effect. These include the following varieties:

Hybrid tea (Ingr> TOP 10 most unpretentious and winter-hardy varieties of roses

Often, flower growers who grow plants in cold regions of Russia wonder which roses are the most unpretentious and winter-hardy. These include frost-resistant varieties:

1. Paul's Scarlet is a kind of rambler, that is, a once-blooming climbing rose.
2. New Dawn is a climbing rose of American selection.
3. The Fairy - has good winter hardiness and excellent landscape qualities.
4. Flammentanz - this variety is distinguished by frost resistance. The flower can be successfully laid under a shelter, as a result of which it will endure even very severe frosts.
5. Westerland is a great scrub. It tolerates winter very well.
6. Rosarium Uetersen - lush blooms before frost.
7. Hansaland wrinkled rose variety. It tolerates wintering without any problems and practically without shelter.
8. Rose Angela - has excellent stamina. She is not afraid of rain or heat. Frost is also not terrible for this flower.
9. Gloria Dei is the world's most famous cold-resistant hybrid tea.
10. Pierre de Ronsard, also known as Eden Rose, is a spectacular climber. Has good winter hardiness.

Roses are wonderful flowers that can delight with their beauty and aroma not only residents of warm and sunny regions of the country. There is a huge selection of varieties, among which there are those that can feel favorable in regions with severe frosts or high humidity, or delight with their beautiful buds all summer and even autumn. The main thing is to take into account the weather conditions and the parameters of the plant, which you need to familiarize yourself with before planting, and then it will look beautiful, healthy and give beautiful flowers to a caring owner.

Watering

Roses must be watered in dry, hot weather, especially for young seedlings. It is better to water rarely 2 times every 6-7 days, but abundantly: one bush requires at least 10 liters of water. Watering should be done in the evening from a watering can with a gentle stream under the root, the water should be warm and settled.

Do not use a hose with cold water - this can lead to serious fungal infections.

Sprinkling in the evening should be carried out if the weather is very dry and an infestation of spider mites is observed on the shoots.

From September, watering should be stopped, since the roses should stop growing and prepare for winter: the wood needs to ripen. An exception is possible if the weather is very dry.

Assortment of frost-resistant types of roses

When growing roses in open ground in the Moscow region, it is important to take into account such quality as frost resistance. That is, the ability of plants to tolerate temperatures as low as possible for them. The following varieties and types have shown their reliability:

• Absolutely winter hardy, those that hibernate in an upright position without any shelter.
• Winter hardy tolerate frosts without protection, but severe winters may freeze the shoots slightly, which does not affect the general condition of the plant.
• Medium-hardy in severe cold they freeze to the level of snow, but in the spring they are sure to recover.

There are such varieties:

The table shows that the most resistant varieties are crossed with Rosa Rugosa, it is this species that guarantees high frost resistance to new hybrids.

Buying a seedling

It is important to choose the right variety for your garden and buy a healthy, strong seedling from a trusted nursery or specialty store.

When choosing a group, be guided by the characteristics of your site: size, illumination, soil type, protection from winds, etc.

When choosing a variety, pay attention not only to the color and size of flowers, the height and shape of the bush, but also the following indicators: disease resistance (powdery mildew, rust, black spot), flowering frequency, flower resistance: some do not tolerate bright sun (fade) or rainy weather (droop or rot).

Now you can buy roses in tubes or bags, with an open root system (usually in nurseries) or closed (in containers with soil). It is better to buy roses in early spring (March, April) so that the buds do not open yet.

Closed root plants can also be purchased in summer if they are in good condition. In this case, you will be able to see the selected variety in the flowering phase.

Saplings are grafted onto other varieties of roses, more winter-hardy, adapted to growing in your area or own-rooted, grown from cuttings.

When buying, you need to make sure that the plant is viable: with a live, undried root system (the roots are light yellow on the cut) and live shoots, and the grafted bush had at least three shoots.

It is best to store roses in tubes, boxes in refrigerators, in compartments intended for vegetables and fruits, having previously wrapped them in newspaper (provided that the buds have not yet started to grow). Seedlings with an open root system are stored similarly, but in this case, the roots must be wrapped in wet moss (sphagnum) and the plant should be placed in a perforated plastic bag. You can store seedlings in the cellar of a country house or on a cool glazed balcony.

Things to Remember

1. Where to get seedlings... The best option would be a local nursery, but you can order it from the online store, the main thing is that the flowers are zoned.
2. Where can you grow... The zoned varieties take root easily and actively bloom up to the Urals and Siberia.
3. Diseases... All roses from Cordes are relatively resistant to fungi, but varieties bred in the nineties and later do not practically get sick at all.
4. Planting and leaving... Cordes are planted using standard technology, bouquet varieties require regular feeding and pruning, and climbing and flower beds can be cut and fertilized once a season.

About roses blooming all summer

Roses blooming continuously begin their active growth in late spring - early summer. They can bloom for a long time (all summer and autumn) and most often belong to the following groups:

The bush species also boasts a long flowering from late spring to late autumn. This type includes:

• roses of the English type;
• roses of the French type;
• hybrid tea roses;
• floribunda;
• climbing varieties.

Among the ground cover there are also unpretentious roses blooming all summer until the onset of frost. These include, for example, Scarlet. It is the most hardy ground cover variety. It blooms profusely all summer and autumn.

Additional Information! Ballerina is the most persistent and blooming. It starts flowering in mid-June and stops blooming only in November. This flower also has the added value of being able to successfully tolerate cold, heat, rain or shade. It is resistant to diseases and harmful insects. For all these qualities, the plant was awarded the title of "Best Classic Scrub".

Landing

The basic rule for growing roses is to apply a sufficient amount of organic fertilizer (rotted manure or compost).

The soil is preferable moderately acidic (pH 5.6-6.5). It is desirable to add ash or dolomite flour to acidic soil, you can use chalk or slaked lime.

Preparation of seedlings

Before planting, you should check the root system of the seedling, remove it from the packaging (tube, bag), prune broken, dry roots. Soak the seedling in a solution of rhizite (10 g per bucket of water), heteroauxin or epin for 2-4 hours. In some cases, nurseries carefully pack their products and the roots of the seedling are placed in a nutritious substrate - in this case, the dense self-decomposing wrapper does not need to be removed from the roots. The plant is planted in the same way as with a clod of earth.

Seedlings with an open root system can be placed in a clay mash with the addition of manure infusion in a 1: 1 ratio (clay, manure infusion and a little water; sour cream consistency solution) for a few minutes and let dry a little, then plant.

If the plant was purchased in a container, a pot (with a closed root system), try to carefully remove the seedling from the pot without damaging the earthen ball. Make sure fresh light roots are penetrating the soil and soak the roots in water for 2 to 3 hours.

In the event that the root system looks unimportant, soak it in a solution of rootite (10 g - per bucket of water), heteroauxin or epin for 2-4 hours.

Soil preparation

When preparing the soil for 1 m² of soil, 2 buckets of well-rotted manure or compost, 250-350 g of wood ash, 2 tbsp. spoons of superphosphate, 2 tbsp. spoons of nitrophosphate.

The prepared plantation is dug to a depth of 40-50 cm for self-rooted seedlings and at least 50-60 cm for grafted ones.

If you are planning single plantings, it is better to dig a planting hole, the depth and diameter of which will correspond to the size of the root system of the plant, about 40-60 x 40-50 cm, on heavy clay soils it can be deeper - about 65 cm, because the roots need to be aerated (breathable).

Please note that the grafting area should be 2-5 cm below the soil level, so the depth of the hole should be previously measured with a tape measure or stick.

The soil at the bottom of the pit must first be loosened. Expanded clay or large crushed stone is poured at the bottom. Then, next to the pit, a mixture is prepared (you can first spread a film for this) from sand, well-rotted manure, peat, garden soil in the ratio: 1: 1: 1: 2, add 150-200 g of ash and a handful of complex fertilizer for roses or flowering garden plants (or 2 tablespoons of superphosphate and potassium sulfate).

Instead of the specified mixture, you can fill the planting hole with special soil for roses: throw about 60 g of complex fertilizer for roses at the bottom of the hole and mix another 80 g of the same fertilizer with the ground, which you will fill the planting hole with the seedling placed in it.

How to plant

Part of the prepared mixture is poured onto the bottom of the pit, a rose seedling with an open root system is placed in the center, the roots are straightened, the level of the grafting site is checked again and the hole is filled with the prepared soil mixture, the soil is slightly tamped with feet so that the plant does not sway with the wind and there are no air pockets around the roots.

If the rose was sold in a tube or box, then you need to pull the plant out of it, leaving only the inner packaging for the roots. Place the seedling in the center of the planting pit, check the planting depth: the grafting site should be 2-5 cm below the soil level. Water with the prepared solution of the root formation stimulator. The plant, similar to the previous version (with an open root system), is covered with prepared soil mixture, tamped down.

Roses with a closed root system are also planted; before planting, they must be carefully removed from the pot (container). It should be borne in mind that the diameter of the planting hole should be approximately 2-2.5 times the diameter of the pot, and the depth should be slightly greater than the height of the pot (container).

Leaving immediately after planting

After planting, the roses are watered with warm settled water at the rate of 10-15 liters under the seedling and the soil is mulched with peat, humus, mown grass, and large shavings.

At first, the plants should be shaded from the sun (set arcs and put on a thin covering material of 17 g / m²), watered abundantly in time and saved from pests. When planting in early spring, return frosts occur, so you may have to shelter from frost. In this case, the density of the non-woven covering material should not be less than 30 g / m².

If, when planting, the root collar is above the soil level, then during the winter the plant may not survive.

When to plant

In spring, it is advisable to plant roses in cold ground, as soon as it has thawed and can be dug ("cold start"). But you need to make sure that the ground is not frozen and not waterlogged. In this case, the seedlings of roses should be still dormant, i.e. with buds but no leaves.

Seedlings with a closed root system can be planted from spring to autumn (the main thing is to shade and water abundantly in time). With an open root system - in addition to spring, they are also planted in autumn until mid-September, because the plant must take root before frost. However, roses planted in autumn do not always winter safely.

Florist reviews

I really liked the Flammentanz rose, in one year in winter it endured frost down to minus 30 degrees, without serious shelter. Now I have become smarter, I always remove the whips from the fence and cover them. It did not bloom for very long, about three weeks, but there were a lot of flowers.I didn’t regret that I bought such a variety.

One of the favorite roses in the garden is Super Dorothy. For the winter, I do not cover it too much, I leave it on a support, cover it slightly with lutrasil and burlap. It hibernates well, although I think that in severe cold weather you still need to bend it down.

Blooms well, buds appear constantly. From dressings I prefer organic matter, practice has shown that this variety is responsive to it and gives abundant color.

Among climbing roses I would like to mention the Amadeus variety. Grows in my open space, very large, overshadowed all other bushes of flowers. We put an arc, directed it to grow to the side. There are many thorns on the shoots, it pricks terribly. It blooms every year, abundantly and luxuriously. It is imperative to cover for the winter, otherwise, in one winter, the twigs were very frozen.

How to care for roses outdoors in the Moscow region?

Roses are very demanding plants. They need good care. However, if all the recommendations for their cultivation are followed, then the queen of the garden will certainly thank you with beautiful flowers. First of all, the rose garden must be watered. This should be done abundantly, but once a week. The soil should be well moistened - by 25 centimeters.

Important! If the weather is hot outside, then the water rate is doubled, and irrigation is done twice a week.

It is recommended to mulch the bushes after each watering, this procedure will keep moisture in the soil for as long as possible.

Roses need feeding. For the first two or three years, they do not need to be fed, since during planting nutrients have already been introduced into the hole, which will be enough for the roses for this period. In the fourth year, it is already necessary to feed the rose bushes. This should be done at least twice during the growing season. For the first time, fertilizing is given with nitrogen fertilizers (the nitrogen content must be at least 70%). Nitrogen fertilization is done at the end of April-beginning of May, even before the blooming of the buds. Roses are fed for the second time in early August. At this time, roses begin to prepare for winter, so they are fed with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers. They are responsible for a good overwintering of plants.

Watering in the rose garden will continue until late autumn. Moreover, in late September and early October, the bushes are given water-charging irrigation, the rate of which is twice or a second more than usual.