Planting, care, pruning: growing large perennial garden chamomile

Chamomile is difficult to confuse with another ornamental flowering plant. There are many varieties with bizarre, chic inflorescence shapes, but the harmonious combination of yellow and white flowers in her outfit always remains unchanged. Therefore, daisies in the country will perfectly complement any landscape, making it more spectacular and harmonious.

This article will discuss how to plant perennial chamomiles in a summer cottage, how to properly care for them for abundant and beautiful flowering, and fight pests and diseases.

Large perennial garden chamomile

Large garden chamomile, which flower growers adore so much, has another name - the largest popovnik. This culture, which is a perennial from the Asteraceae family (Asteraceae), has the following botanical description:

Large perennial garden chamomile

The stem is erect, faceted, depending on the variety, it can have a height of 15 to 70 cm;
The leaf is spatulate and oblong, unevenly toothed along the edges of the leaf plate. The leaves in the upper part of the stem are relatively small, the lower ones are larger, collected in a basal rosette.
Color - the inflorescence is a basket, with a diameter of 2.5 to 12 cm, in which the middle consists of small tubular yellow flowers, along the edge there are long false-lingual white flowers.

Important! Often in meadows and fields there is a pharmaceutical type of chamomile, which is considered a valuable medicinal plant. Unlike garden chamomile, this type of chamomile has marginal white flowers 2.5-3 mm wide bent down, and the broken core and stem are hollow.

The fruit is small, slightly bent cylindrical achenes, up to 2 mm in size.
Root - taproot, slightly branched, growing shallow in the ground.

Seeds

You can make the planting material yourself, but for this you have to work hard: after full maturation (the basket and the stem become brown), the inflorescences are cut off, the seeds are selected and dried well. But it is not enough to collect the seeds, they should be stored correctly: paper bags, bags made of loose material are best suited for these purposes. The main thing during storage is to provide air access, without it, seed material can lose germination.

Many amateur flower growers do it easier: they buy ready-made chamomile seeds in a store, where you can quickly and easily choose any popular variety, purchase new products of modern breeding.

Pick-up location

Preparation for planting begins with choosing the most suitable place for growing chamomile on the site. The plant prefers to grow in open areas where there is a lot of light and sun. The occurrence of groundwater should be deep enough, since water accumulation after melting snow and heavy rains can cause waterlogging of the soil, and the rhizome will rot, the plant will die in early spring.

Priming

On the site where they plan to grow chamomile, the soil should be slightly alkaline or neutral. If the acidity index of the soil is high enough, dolomite flour and lime are added to the soil.

How to plant large garden chamomile

When it is decided in what place the chamomile will flaunt in the country, they begin to plant it. The most favorable time for sowing seeds is the end of May.The top layer of the soil is slightly loosened, since the seeds are very small, then shallow rows are made under them, no more than 2 cm, the soil is slightly moistened. Seeds should not be heavily covered with soil, they are only slightly pressed down, then sprinkled with a thin layer of earth.

So that adult plants feel free (usually a bush grows in one place for 3-4 years) and at the same time do not shade each other, the distance between adjacent rows when sowing is made at least 30-40 cm.

You can plant chamomile seeds in open ground in the fall. At the end of August, you should collect seeds from the varieties you like, then sow them in a previously prepared area. The plant blooms only in the second year.

Note! If they plan to prepare seedlings for planting in open ground, then the seeds are sown in specially prepared containers (containers, pots, boxes) already at the beginning of March.

Agrotechnical requirements

The garden chamomile flower is very unpretentious: despite the fact that it loves good light and is sensitive to the quality of the soil, with a lower intensity, it will bloom and multiply even in not the most comfortable conditions for itself. However, there are some nuances of agricultural technology that should be taken into account in advance when planning a flower design. Chamomiles, daisies and heleniums grow rapidly. They need to be divided every 2-3 years (with a more rare division, it is already difficult to cope with the bushes), otherwise, due to thickening and natural death of the shoots in the middle of the plant, they will completely lose their decorative qualities.

Soil requirements

The successful cultivation of chamomile garden depends on the type and properties of the soil: the culture loves sandy, well-drained soils and suffers from the close occurrence of groundwater, dense, caked earth layers. If the soil in the garden at the planting site is acidic, it is fertilized with slaked lime in the fall (the culture is very responsive to the addition of this additive) and dolomite flour.

For proper nutrition of the flower, regular application of compost, peat, humus is necessary. Such care for a comfortable living environment will ensure high-quality, healthy development and abundant flowering.

Caring for daisies in the garden

What you need to know and do a florist and how to care for daisies in the garden correctly?

Frequent watering is needed not only for the newly planted seedlings, but also for early shoots in the open field. Initially, a young plant is watered very often, but when the root system takes root well and gets stronger, it is watered less often, 2 times a week. After watering, the top layer of fertile soil is constantly loosened, do not forget about weeding and removing weeds. Several times per season, the soil near the plant is mulched with a thin layer of peat, 2-3 cm thick.

Top dressing

Like any plant, chamomile needs constant feeding throughout the growing season, for which both complex mineral fertilizers and organic matter are used. In early summer, when the plant is in the budding stage and will soon bloom, it is fed with nitrophos at the rate of 2 tbsp. spoons per 10 liters of water. As soon as flowering is completed, proceed to the next feeding using superphosphate or potassium sulfate in a proportion of 1 tbsp. spoon for 10 liters of water.

For abundant flowering, organic matter is often introduced: compost, well-rotted manure, peat.

Important! Growing and caring for a large garden chamomile without the use of fertilizer will lead to its weak, not abundant and short flowering, poor overwintering, reduced resistance to leaf damage, roots by pests and diseases.

Pruning

Chamomile is a flower that can bloom for a very long time from June to September, but autumn comes and winter is not far off. The plant begins to gradually fade and dry out. Florists often have a question, when daisies have faded, what to do next with them.Experts advise in this situation with garden shears to carefully cut off all the stems at a distance of 10-15 cm from the ground and remove the cut mass away from the planting of the crop.

VIPs

They cannot be called sissies or capricious - they are, like staunch tin soldiers, hardy and unassuming. What are we talking about? About perennials, which are so unpretentious that they are able to winter in the open field. But here's the bad luck - they are not all equally hardened, so you need to prepare them for the cold in different ways, each needs an individual approach. Let's talk about the most common and favorite specimens by gardeners.

Aquilegia

Aquilegia (catchment) almost does not need insulation. In October, cut off wilted leaves and stems, leaving stumps 5-7 cm high, and carefully mulch the bare rhizomes at the base of the bushes and the ground around.

Lush aquilegia bush looks elegant and decorative

Perennial asters

Perennial asters fade in late autumn and begin to dry out, and then they will need to be cut off at the root. Then cover the base of the bush with dry mulch, and cover the weakened plants with spruce branches or a thick layer of dried foliage.

Alpine aster flowers (left) resemble discreet daisies. Right - astilba

Astilbe

Astilba winters without shelter at a young age. Cut off the aerial part that is blackened after frost at the root. Spud the base of the bush to a height of about 5 cm and mulch with a thin layer of peat or humus. But after 5 years of life, the "old woman" already needs a warmer shelter. Install a frame over the plant, fill it with dry foliage, and cover it with a film from precipitation on top.

You can choose astilba varieties on our market, where offers from the largest online stores are collected.

Heucheras

Heucheras should not lose their leaves on the eve of winter. They keep their "hair" all year round, so save the plants in the fall. only from peduncles... When frosts begin, spud the root collar and mulch the ground under the bushes with dry peat or humus, or even better (if you can get it) - with sphagnum moss. When frosts become normal, cover the plants with spruce branches and, if there is no snow, with non-woven material. But be sure to leave the "vent" for airing - without air access, geykhera tend to vomit.

Geuchera amazes with the variety of shades of spectacular carved leaves

Delphiniums

Delphinium can withstand up to -50 ° C without insulation, but only under a lush snowdrift. Therefore, when the "tops" wither, cut them off, leaving stumps 15–20 cm high. And so that water does not flow into the tubular stem, cover the slices with ordinary clay. If frosts come, but there are no snowdrifts, mulch the rhizome and cover with spruce branches.

Delphinium (left), dicentra (right)

Dicenter

The dicentra will safely survive the winter if you cut off the wilted bush, leaving hemp no more than 3-5 cm, mulch and cover with spruce branches or nonwoven material.

Irises

Irises (irises) need to be cut only after the stems have dried... Moreover, the height of the stumps should be no more than 10 cm.

Irises

The most frost-resistant of irises - Siberian - winter well without shelter, it is enough to mulch the rhizomes, which often rise above the ground. But if the winter is abnormally cold, it is better not to risk it and lay spruce branches on top of the mulch.

Read also What is the danger of poisoning with poisonous mushrooms

For "muslin young ladies" - varietal irises with a more pampered character - build a dry shelter so that moisture does not get on the rhizomes after the thaw.

Lavender

Lavender in the open air will be able to winter, but only English (narrow-leaved). It is better to move the rest of the representatives of this thermophilic family into pots for the cold season and arrange houses on a heated balcony. In the "Englishwoman" in the fall, shorten the green stems by 3 cm above the lignified part.When it freezes, mulch the soil under the bush, and in late October - early November, cover the plant with a thick layer of spruce branches. Experienced gardeners it is not advised to wrap up lavender into leaves or covering material: this can rot the stems.

It is better to plant lavender in containers and bring it into the house on cold days.

You can also choose lavender seeds in our catalog of products from various online stores.

Daylilies

Daylilies need to get rid of the peduncles as soon as they fade and dry. Set aside root pruning until late autumn, when the leaves are completely wilted. Before mulching daylilies, make sure the cold is long lasting. If insulated too early, the roots may begin to weed out.

Daylily is practically no hassle, but requires attention

The thickness of the mulch layer depends on the weather: the colder the thicker. And in severe frosts, lay more spruce branches on the mulch and throw snow - of course, if it falls by this time.

Stock-rose

Stock-rose is a spoiled princess, dressed in silks, delicate and sensitive. When the aerial part wilts, cut the plants almost to the root, and in October (weather permitting) mulch with dry leaves, humus or peat. For young plants and not very hardy varieties, prepare spruce "paws" - they will collect the snow around the rhizome, and will not block access to air.

Stock-rose on the left and hosta on the right

Hosts

Do I need to cut them in the pre-winter? For some reason, it is believed that if the leaves are removed in the fall, the plant will spend all its strength on their restoration, weaken and may die in the cold. But if it prepares for hibernation, then it will not restore dead foliage. Therefore, as soon as the hosta leaves fall and dry, carefully remove them, mulch with dry peat, and put spruce branches or dry foliage on top before frost.

Monarda

Monarda is very frost-hardy and therefore will not cause much trouble for gardeners.

Monarda is very winter-hardy and therefore will not cause much trouble.

For a problem-free wintering, completely cut off dried aerial shoots, mulch, and, in anticipation of bitter frosts, cover with spruce branches or a 20-centimeter layer of dry leaves.

Peonies

Get rid of the peonies from the aerial part in late autumn, but before frost... By the way, experienced flower growers advise to burn the cut leaves and stems immediately: the fact is that pests and pathogens often comfortably settle on them for the winter. Cutting height - 10-15 cm from the ground.

Peonies

And do not forget to pour high mounds of humus or rotted compost over the rhizomes of peonies: they will help protect the buds of renewal from frost, which may appear on the surface. Cover young bushes, just in case, with dry foliage and spruce branches.

Rudbeckia

Rudbeckia get rid of wilted "tops" two weeks before the expected cold weather, leaving stumps 10 cm high. Mulch them with humus or garden soil with a layer of about 5–7 cm, later sprinkle leaves or hay on top, lay spruce branches.

Rudbeckia

Nivyanik

Garden daisies (nivyaniki) are quite frost-hardy, but a harsh winter without snow is dangerous for them too.

Garden daisies (nivyaniki)

Terry and large-flowered varieties especially suffer from cold weather. Before the frost comes cut off the entire aerial part to a rosette of leaves, cover the ground around the bush with humus or peat, and when it gets colder, cover it with a layer of foliage 15–20 cm thick.

Phlox paniculata

Phlox paniculata should be deprived of their lush "hair" yet before the arrival of stable cold weather, leaving hemp 5–10 cm high. Renewal buds located at the base of the shoots, carefully sprinkle with humus or compost, mulch with peat. If a cold winter with little snow is expected, then when the soil freezes, pour about a bucket of loose garden soil on each bush, and lay spruce branches or reeds on top of the "backfill".

Phlox paniculata

With the choice of phlox varieties, our market will again help you - an illustrated catalog that includes offers from various online stores. View a selection of varieties of phlox paniculata.

Chrysanthemums

Garden chrysanthemums are undoubtedly beautiful, but it is better to give preference to varieties that are zoned for your area.

Garden chrysanthemums

For example, for the Moscow region it is Korean varieties and their hybrids... But these plants also need reliable and warm "coats". Therefore, before the onset of frost, cut the stems to 10-centimeter stumps, sprinkle the base of the bushes with humus or prepared compost (10-centimeter layer), cover the top with dry peat. If the snowless cold hits, pour a lot of dry leaves on top, and lay spruce branches on them - it will provide ventilation inside the shelter. And if there is a frost-free cellar in the country (+1. +5 ° C), place the chrysanthemum roots together with an earthen clod in containers, sprinkle with a damp substrate and store here all winter. In a similar way, you can save large-flowered chrysanthemums, which do not withstand wintering in the garden, even with maximum insulation.

When and how to transplant chamomile

Experienced flower growers recommend how and when to transplant large chamomiles.

If it is spring, then it is impossible to indicate unequivocally the timing of planting seedlings in open ground, since everything depends on the weather. Seedlings must not only be grown strong, but also protected from cold and frost. When the seedlings grow enough, 4-5 true leaves will bloom on it, then it can be planted in open ground, provided that the air temperature is set at + 15 ° C or more.

Before planting chamomile seedlings in open ground, the soil is well dug up and fertilized with special preparations for flowering garden plants. After that, the bushes must be planted in 2-3 pieces, at a distance of 30-40 cm.

Very often there is such a situation that it is necessary to quickly decide where and when it is better to plant perennial adults chamomile. This happens when a plant is forced to transplant from a flower bed near the house due to construction work or the transfer of a flower garden to another place. Due to the peculiarities of the culture, the way out of this situation is quite simple - this flower is unpretentious and hardy, painlessly takes root in another place. Careful enough so as not to damage the roots, dig up the flowering plant with a clod of earth and move it to a new place, then water it abundantly.

Getting started planting a chamomile bush

On the prepared soil, it is necessary to dig holes, fill them with water. Saplings are planted at a distance of about 20 cm from each other. If you plant chamomile in rows, then there should be a distance of at least 50 cm between them. The roots of the plant should be covered with earth tightly. For the winter, planting daisies should be wrapped in straw or fallen leaves by 5 cm.

Diseases and pests

If a flowering crop is not properly cared for, it quickly weakens and becomes most vulnerable to various dangerous infections and pests.

Large garden chamomile can be susceptible to the following diseases:

rust - convex bright red spots appear on the leaves;
gray rot, powdery mildew - leaves and stems are covered with a white, dark gray bloom;
fusarium - causes damage to the root system of the plant.

If the treatment is not started on time, the plant may simply die.

You can quickly cure the disease if you resort to the use of fungicides such as:

The most dangerous pests of chamomile are aphids, star-winged fly, wireworm, slugs.

Important! Among the pests, the wireworm causes significant damage. Gnawing at the small roots, it weakens or leads to the death of the plant. To combat it, it is better to plant chamomile on soils with a reaction of the environment close to neutral. In such soil, the pest practically does not occur.

For spraying against pests such insecticides as "Iskra", "Imidor", "Fitoverm" are used.

On a note. If a favorite flower needs to be saved urgently, plain soapy water is often used. For this, take a spoonful of liquid soap for 0.5 liters of warm water, add 1/2 cup of vegetable oil to them, then mix everything thoroughly. The finished composition is sprayed with flowers for several days.

Popular types and varieties of large garden chamomile

The familiar yellow heart, surrounded by white petals, can look completely different depending on the type of plant. To date, botanists have counted 25 species of garden daisies. It seems that such a simple flower cannot look otherwise; depending on the variety, some inflorescences can be called especially original and interesting.

Alaska

Alaska is one of the most popular large-flowered chamomile varieties:

The petals, as the name implies, are pure white in color.
Inside the circular double-row petals is an orange-yellow core.
The flower often reaches 10 cm in diameter.
Such flowers are unfair and durable enough that it can be planted on any given plot.
Bushes grow up to 60-80 cm.

Nivyanik

Another popular variety of white flowers among lovers of summer flowers. Such a plant also belongs to perennials, and is unpretentious in care.

In addition, the bushes winter well in domestic conditions:

Nivyanik has tall, straight stems reaching 80cm.
The alternately growing leaves have an oblong shape and have small teeth on the outline.
The inflorescences of this variety are represented by single baskets with a diameter of 6-7 cm.
At the edges, the flowers are white and ligulate, the middle ones are characterized as tubular with a bright yellow color.
Flowers bloom in several rows at once.

Princess

This chamomile is considered a compact variety due to its height of 30 cm.
The white flowers of the princess reach 8 cm in diameter.
Usually shrubs are planted near curbs due to the height and good resolution of the plant.
Such daisies take root well in open ground and tolerate frost practically without damage.
For cultivation and long-term flowering, shrubs are planted in light areas, where the soil is rich in good mineral elements and is sufficiently moist.
The Princess blooms for about a month, but by cutting off old inflorescences, the growing season can be extended.

North Star

The northern star is considered another favorite among the perennial varieties of garden daisies.This name was given to the shrub species because of the snow-white inflorescences-baskets, the petals of which are slightly thinner than those of the previous representatives, and a little pointed like an aster.
The flower itself reaches 16 cm in width, and the stems grow up to 40-50 cm in height.
Although the northern star is referred to as compact daisies, which are mainly planted with curbs and fences.
In addition, the seeds grow quickly enough, within 2-3 weeks, and the bushes themselves grow well.
Such daisies are planted in sunny areas with moist soil.
The variety tolerates domestic frosts well.

Colored varieties

Although the classic version of chamomile is presented with white petals, various garden varieties destroy such stereotypes.

For example, a Persian chamomile is easy to distinguish from an ordinary one, precisely due to its unique color:

The shrub itself is also durable.
Stems of Persian chamomile reach from 50 to 100 cm in height, but on strong stalks with a yellow core, the petals will not be white, but bright red.
Although hybrid varieties can be distinguished by flowers of pink, burgundy, yellow, crimson and even purple flowers with double petals.
In addition, such a daisy will bloom all summer.

Another representative of colored daisies, perennial Erigeron:

Shrub height reaches 60-80 cm with flower baskets up to 5 cm in diameter.
The petals of such a chamomile-like shrub are slightly narrower than that of a distant relative, but there are more of them and they are located in several rows.
Erigeron is credited with blue, lilac, lilac, purple or red flowers, depending on the variety, which bloom in early summer and continue to delight until early September.

Growing chamomile in a pot

The article provides examples of how to plant and grow perennial chamomiles on a personal plot. But it turns out that daisies in a pot can complement a home interior. This is not a giant bush, but a stunted and compact cornflower (another name is pyrethrum), only 10-20 cm high. To grow a flower, a well-lit window sill, a small and spacious pot is enough. A nutritious soil for growing pyrethrum is purchased at a store. It blooms for a long time, after pruning it is placed in a bright but cool room and watering is limited. In February, it is again transferred to the heat, but they begin to water it abundantly only when the first buds appear in the root outlet.

Chamomile for weight loss

In the composition of raw chamomile field there are many substances that have a beneficial effect on the secretion of the stomach. Taking the broth helps to cleanse it and can be used as an adjuvant therapy for losing weight.

Among our ancestors, chamomile flowers were widely used in love fortune telling. And now there is a belief that if you carry the flowers of this plant with you, it will attract love to the girl's life. The old people believed that if you hang bouquets of dried chamomile in the house, the smell of flowers will drive away evil spirits. And today chamomile, like birch, is a symbol of Russia. It is still sung in their poems by the poets of Russia.

In our time, this flower is very much loved in our country, as well as all large daisies.

Florist tips

For breeding, it is better to choose a terry variety of garden chamomile, since the flowers are larger and more beautiful, there are always a lot of buds, and at the end of summer, re-flowering is possible.
Despite the frost resistance and endurance, the flower can freeze out in a winter with little snow, so it is sprinkled with a thick layer of peat, straw, covered with spruce branches.
Chamomile gets along well with any ornamental plant: with a beautiful lily and a rose, field poppy and cornflower.
In the search engine results for the query "large perennial garden chamomile planting and care", sometimes there are articles devoted to pharmaceutical chamomile, which is, albeit a related, but still completely different medicinal wild plant. The technology of its cultivation and application differs from decorative chamomile. Therefore, you should carefully read the text of the article in order to determine what kind of chamomile (decorative or medicinal) we are talking about.

Garden chamomile is considered not only an adornment of any landscape design, but in many ways it brings love and good luck to the house, where households begin to live in peace and harmony. Well combined in height and size with other flower cultures, it harmoniously fits into any flower garden, giving it a unique and eye-catching appearance.

Chamomile belongs to the category of perennials, characterized by ease of care. But in order for the inflorescences to always remain large, it is necessary to divide and transplant garden chamomile from time to time. Correct and timely planting in autumn will ensure a dense and lush bloom for the whole summer.

Let's talk about planting and the peculiarities of growing chamomile in the fall.

Chamomile can be planted both in spring and autumn. Each planting method has its own characteristics. Transplanting and dividing a perennial bush during March - the first half of April gives good results. You need to choose the time when the leaves begin to grow.At a later date, it allows the garden daisies to take root, but flowering in the first season may be weak.

You can start planting and dividing at the end of August - September. In autumn, it is better to plant chamomile after flowering is complete, preferably in cool weather. Before the onset of winter, the root system has time to form well.

Growing in flower beds along with other flowers, snow-white daisies create an atmosphere of coziness, and for some they wind up a feeling of unity with nature.

Combining garden chamomile with other plants

Thanks to their color scheme, white perennials - garden daisies - are irreplaceable plants in a wide variety of flower arrangements. They are good as edging for taller flowers of any color, but look especially exquisite against the background of purple or blue delphiniums and paniculata gypsophila.

As a partner in a flower garden, garden daisies with both yellow marigolds and any shades of roses are good. They soften the bright green colors of low conifers. Looks organically in rock gardens.

Whether a snow-white beauty, a garden chamomile grows in the courtyard of a house or in a rock garden thought out by a landscape designer, in a balcony box or on a flower bed in a city park - an amazing flower that combines simplicity, tenderness and solemnity will delight with abundant flowering all summer with easy care and knowledge of the nuances of its cultivation.

Preparing for autumn planting and choosing a location

Ideally, you need to ensure that chamomile bushes are transplanted to a new location every 3-4 years. And all because there is a compaction of the earth due to the dead roots of old bushes. At the same time, the number of bushes increases, which prevents the development of both young growth and old flowers. In this case, the chamomile begins to bloom poorly.

The plant loves sunny and not damp plantations, grows well on poor soils, but grows faster and stronger on fertile soil enriched with minerals. Excessive moisture will provoke diseases of the bush, in particular, a fungus.

Organic fertilizers must be added to the soil 3 weeks before transplanting. If you plan to create a flower plantation on the site, it is better to use humus at the rate of 1 bucket per 1 sq. m. If you plant single plants, then you can add humus to the hole, mixing well with the ground. Fertilizers should be well absorbed into the soil.

Collection of medicinal raw materials

Harvesting of field chamomile flowers begins in June at the time of mass flowering. It is necessary to collect raw materials only in the morning in dry weather. Flowers, as well as odorous chamomile, are cut off and dried in a well-ventilated area, without access to direct sunlight. The collected raw materials are laid out in a thin layer of 2-4 cm and must be agitated once a day. From one kilogram of freshly picked flowers, you can get 150-200 gr. raw materials.

Important! Do not dry flowers at high temperatures - in a microwave oven, on heating devices, in the oven.

It is necessary to store raw materials in a cool place in paper bags, cardboard boxes. The shelf life is about two years.

Can a flowering plant be transplanted?

Garden chamomile takes root easily, the main thing is to dig it out with a lump of earth, digging deeper so that the roots do not touch and transfer them carefully, for example, from the lawn to the flower garden. Then water well and mulch under the bush.

For spring planting, it is better to use seeds for seedlings, and before winter sowing seeds directly into the ground.

August is the month of seed collection. This month they finally ripen and are already ready for planting before the onset of cold weather. Seeds winter safely and sprout beautifully in spring, and in the second year of life, adult plants begin to bloom.

As a rule, planted chamomile, left without care, weakens and becomes overgrown with weeds. All care consists in loosening, weeding, fertilizing, watering, and after flowering, the bush is pruned and perennials are prepared for winter.

If you don't have chamomile in your garden, plant it!

In order for chamomile to give large inflorescences, it must be divided and transplanted from time to time. Growing on flower beds along with other flowers, chamomiles create an atmosphere of comfort, and some are inspired by a sense of unity with nature. Correct and timely planting will ensure a dense and lush bloom for the whole summer.

Let's talk about planting and the peculiarities of growing chamomile in the fall.

Collection and use

Since the flowering period of chamomile lasts from May to late autumn, it is possible to collect inflorescences for such a long time about 6 times. They need to be dried outdoors in the shade. The resulting raw materials should be stored in cloth bags, bags or paper boxes for no longer than one year.

Pharmacy chamomile is used independently and in herbal preparations for the manufacture of medicinal drinks. They are recommended to be used for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (bowel disorders, gastritis and ulcers).

Matricaria is a mild sedative and pain reliever. Therefore, adding honey or sugar (milk) to chamomile tea, the drink can be taken with insomnia, overwork or mental stress.

Preparing for autumn planting and choosing a location

Chamomile tea

Chamomile tea is widely used for medicinal purposes.

The use of this drink is especially helpful for:

Diseases of the stomach (gastritis, upset);
Diseases of the mouth and throat (sore throat, stomatitis);
Diseases of the upper respiratory tract (laryngitis, bronchitis);
Insomnia;
Diarrhea and dysentery.

Tea recipe: one tablespoon of raw materials is brewed with boiling water, infused for one hour, filtered and taken half a glass three times a day. You can add honey, milk, sugar to tea.

Can a flowering chamomile plant be transplanted?

Chamomile takes root easily, the main thing is to dig it out with a lump of earth, digging deeper so that the roots do not touch and transfer them carefully, for example, from the lawn to the flower garden. Then water well and mulch under the bush.

For spring planting, it is better to use seeds for seedlings, and before winter sowing seeds directly into the ground. August is the month of seed collection. This month they finally ripen and are already ready for planting before the onset of cold weather. Seeds winter safely and sprout beautifully in spring, and in the second year of life, adult plants begin to bloom.

Chamomile blooming in the meadow and in the garden leaves no one indifferent. Garden chamomile is a favorite flower of Russian summer residents. Several dozen species of herbaceous perennials in nature can be found in all climatic zones, except for the tropics, ice and deserts.

The culture attracts flower growers with massive and long flowering, easy care and the ability to plant and propagate the variety they like without much experience.

Varieties

A large white garden chamomile is a "nivyanik".

The cultivation of perennial chamomile is common in every garden and is distinguished by exceptional decorativeness, reliability and freshness.

This large-flowered perennial has an abundant and long-lasting flowering. Strong, tall stems reach from 30 cm to one hundred centimeters in height, the diameter of the flower can be up to 10-15 cm.

It is used for growing in mixborders, in single and group plantings, on the lawn, along paths and paths.

Garden white chamomile is called “nivyanik” in another way. In the mind of most people, these flowers have long white petals, and in the center there is a yellow center.

There are pink, red, lilac, yellow and even brown daisies. In addition to the traditional types of cornflower - large-flowered and alpine, a large number of other varieties have been bred.

Description of garden perennial chamomile

The brightest large-flowered plants are used to decorate the flower beds. For the first time, daisies were interested in flower growers more than two hundred years ago, therefore, over the past time, many cultivars have appeared. And although perennial garden chamomiles can be of different heights, have different flowering times and the shape of the inflorescences, all chamomiles have a lot in common. First of all, this is the recognizable shape of the inflorescence-basket, the core of which consists of small tubular yellow flowers, and the frame is made of false-lingual petals.

Today, thanks to the efforts of breeders, semi- and terry varieties of garden chamomile have come to the disposal of gardeners.

Compared to wild specimens in cultivated perennials:

the flowers are larger;
bud formation is much more active;
the flowering period is longer;
re-emergence of flowers is possible in the second half of summer.

The garden chamomile, Leucanthemum vulgare or Leucanthemum maximum, depicted in the photo, is most often called by the people a daisy or a clerk. In early spring, a rosette of oblong basal leaves appears above the soil. When inflorescences appear on faceted erect stems, the height of the plant can vary from 20 to 80 cm.Depending on the variety, the diameter of the inflorescences can reach from 3 to 10 cm.

Description

Pharmacy chamomile grows in Europe and Asia, up to Afghanistan, in the temperate zone. Habitat - fields, roadside areas, wastelands and ruderal zones, heavily modified by man. Height, chamomile rarely exceeds 50-60 cm. In cultivation, polyploids are found mainly, they spread more, give more baskets, usually higher, reaching about 80 cm. Flowering date, chamomile blooms systematically throughout the summer, beginning in early June. Flower color, white with a yellow center. A place, planting chamomile is recommended in a sunny place. In a sunny location, relatively low and abundantly flowering plants will grow. The less sun, the thinner and higher the shoots, often lodging, the flowers are smaller. Frost resistance, in our climate, the seeds will survive the winter if covered with snow.

Reproduction of garden chamomile by dividing the bush

Chamomile planted on the site grow well, form curtains, which, even outside flowering, retain their decorative effect and resemble green pillows. However, after a few years, the perennial needs rejuvenation, otherwise the inflorescences become smaller every year, the foliage becomes smaller and weakens.

Perennial garden chamomiles reproduce by seed and vegetative means. If these beautiful flowers are already growing on the flower beds, it is enough to divide the adult curtain into several.

It is best to plant a perennial in the first half of autumn, dividing the plant into parts so that each has a part of a strong rhizome and several points of growth. The soil for planting chamomile should be dug up, weed-free and moistened:

The hole is dug a little more than the root system.
The plant in the planting pit is placed at the same level, after having straightened the rhizomes.
The hole is covered with soil, which is compacted and watered.

Since seeds from faded baskets do not convey the features of parent plants, vegetative propagation is indispensable if you want to get young clumps of any varietal garden chamomile.

The more often the curtains are rejuvenated, the more spectacular their flowering and the larger the inflorescences. However, a spring transplant can delay or cancel the appearance of buds.

When chamomile is harvested in the wild for medicinal raw materials

Self-collection of chamomiles in the wild is carried out during the period of the appearance of massive dense thickets of a plant with an abundance of blossoming inflorescences. In different localities, this happens at different times and even at different times of the year. If in the south of Ukraine, in the Kuban and in the Krasnodar Territory, chamomile is already actively harvested in mid-May, then in the Moscow region it is advisable to start harvesting no earlier than mid-June.

In general, chamomile is not a typical plant for the Moscow region.

To determine the exact dates, you need to regularly travel to the places of the alleged accumulation of thickets of plants and study their condition: when most of the inflorescences have already blossomed, but there are still no brown and dry ones among them, and you need to collect medicinal raw materials.

In each specific region, the timing of the collection of raw materials is determined by the state of the inflorescences. According to the requirements of the pharmacopoeia, only baskets in which the fruits have not yet appeared can be collected. Therefore, directly on the site with daisies, you need to inspect the inflorescences themselves and decide whether they are suitable for collection or not.

It is also useful to read: Chamomile flowers

Sowing perennial garden chamomile and planting it in the ground

Chamomile seeds have excellent winter hardiness, so they can be sown both in spring and before winter. Sowing in autumn will not only save precious spring time, but also provide natural stratification. This means that the seedlings will be more friendly and strong.

Spring reproduction of garden chamomile by seeds is possible in two ways:

sowing in thawed, dug up and loosened open ground;
sowing at home for seedlings, which are transferred to a flower bed in the warm season.

In the second case, the plants turn out to be stronger, they bloom earlier and manage to form a lush strong rosette by winter. Planting garden chamomile seedlings is carried out in the second half of February or in March. For sowing, take a light loose substrate based on sand, garden soil and peat. Seeds in several pieces are laid out in seedling containers or peat pots filled with moistened soil. Sprinkle on top with a thin layer of the same substrate.

Crops should be kept under film or glass and at high humidity until germination, that is, 10-15 days. Then the trays are transferred to the light and the shelter is removed. If necessary, arrange additional lighting for 14 hours a day, otherwise the seedlings are strongly stretched and weakened.

A pick is carried out when the seedlings of garden chamomile will open 2-4 true leaves and will be about 5 cm high. For active tillering, the main stem can be pinched.

One and a half or two months after sowing, young plants are taken out into open ground in previously prepared sunny areas without stagnant water and with neutral soil acidity.

Planting garden daisies is carried out in prepared soil, which is not only dug up, but also loosened. Weeds are carefully selected from the soil, and complex fertilizer for ornamental flower crops is applied to feed the seedlings.

It is more convenient to transfer seedlings with a clod of earth without damaging the root system. In this case, the holes are dug slightly larger than the size of the containers, and the gaps are carefully covered with soil, compacted and watered. Although the plants are still small, they have to grow strongly, therefore, gaps of 20 to 40 cm are left between the seedlings, depending on the variety of garden chamomile and the design of the flower bed. The first flowering of plants planted with seeds and seedlings should be expected only after a year.

Reproduction methods

The plant can reproduce:

by the seed method;
dividing the bush;
using cuttings.

Propagation by sowing seeds is described above. The seeds are harvested from the middle tubules when the flowers are completely dry.

When dividing the bush, the rhizome is divided into segments, each of which must contain a rosette with leaves. The best time for the procedure is spring when the foliage begins to grow or late August, after flowering ends, but at least once every three years.

Not all types of garden daisies reproduce by cuttings, but many. Works are carried out in late June or early July. Cuttings are young green shoots 15-20 cm long. Clean sand (10 cm) is poured onto a layer of fertile soil, watered with a solution of potassium permanganate and cuttings are vertically stuck into it, having previously moistened them with water and Kornevin. Cover with a closed and bottomless plastic bottle. The cuttings are kept in the shade and the soil is kept moist. After the leaves appear, the banks are removed, and for the winter they are well covered with spruce branches or transplanted into boxes with soil mixture in the cellar. In the spring, after a steady warming, they are planted in the ground.

Caring for garden chamomile after planting

All types of chamomile, including garden chamomile, are photophilous. They do not tolerate the proximity of groundwater and growing in dense, caking soil.

But at the same time, perennials, beloved by flower growers, are very undemanding to care and can grow even on soils poor in humus, tolerate drought and not be afraid of serious attacks of pests.

Fertilizing and feeding garden chamomile for bright flowering

When growing garden chamomile, it is impossible to do without fertilization, because it needs food to bloom a huge inflorescence. The larger in growth and more active in flowering the variety, the more nutrients it needs.

Phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is applied in the fall when preparing a flower garden for future plantings. In the future, nitrogen fertilizing is carried out:

in the spring after the complete disappearance of the snow cover;
at the beginning of budding;
in the middle of July.

Ammonium nitrate, urea, mullein, or bird droppings diluted in water are suitable nitrogen sources.

Chamomile feeding

In order for chamomile to bloom well, remain healthy and strong, it needs feeding. Top dressing will depend on the growing season of the plant. First of all, chamomile should be fed before flowering. To do this, dilute the purchased fertilizers for garden flowers according to the instructions and water the plant. You can use nitrophoska fertilizer, diluted with water in accordance with the instructions for use.

Subsequent feeding is carried out after the plant has finished flowering. Chamomile is fertilized with superphosphate and potassium. To process multiple bushes, you will need about eight liters of fertilizer. To protect chamomile from pathogenic flora, it is recommended, at the end of flowering, to add wood ash to the soil and loosen the soil well.

Interesting facts about large chamomile

Columbus discovered not only America to the world, chamomile also became one of the traveler's souvenirs brought back after a round-the-world adventure. It is not surprising that the country discovered by Christopher is officially considered the birthplace of such a beloved domestic chamomile.

But they learned about the beneficial properties of the plant in the Old World. Where it was called "novel grass". In our homeland, a flower appeared already in the 19th century, but it was called a belyushka or a wedge.

In Egypt, chamomile has long been considered an antipyretic agent, and the creation of a flower was attributed to the ancient sun god Ra. While the Scandinavians and Germans offered snow-white flowers with a yellow core to the main Deity living in Asgard, Odin.

Care

In order for the plant to grow normally and attract attention with its bright and healthy appearance, you need to perform a number of care measures.

Weeding

Abundant weeds can negatively affect the growth and development of garden chamomile, so weed and loosened regularly.The root system needs not only fertile soil, but also the root system getting enough air.

Watering

It is important for a crop to get the required amount of water every day, so check the soil regularly for moisture. Water in a timely manner using a large amount of water.

Loosening

Immediately after each watering, the soil should be loosened so that the water does not stagnate on the surface, but penetrates deep into and is absorbed by the lower tier of the root system. This process will help not only accelerate the growth of garden chamomile, but also help it avoid a number of diseases associated with excess moisture.

Top dressing

Mature plants need fertile soil no less than growing ones. For top dressing, you should use urea in a proportion of 20 g of substance per 1 square meter. After fertilizing, water abundantly. If the leaf plate begins to fade and dry out, it is worth additional feeding.

Alternate minerals with droppings to eliminate the likelihood of soil acidification, which negatively affects the development of the plant.

After flowering

As the chamomile fades, fertilize the exhausted soil with the help of mineral complexes, organic matter and begin to prepare the bushes for winter.

Preparing for winter

Garden chamomile does not tolerate low temperatures, so it should be carefully prepared for cold weather. To do this, cut off all ground stems and cover the plant. Use sawdust, dry foliage or non-woven material as a covering.

How to grow more crops?

Any gardener and summer resident is pleased to receive a large harvest with large fruits. Unfortunately, it is far from always possible to get the desired result.

Plants often lack nutrition and minerals.

It has the following properties:

Allows increase yield by 50%
in just a few weeks of use.
You can get a good harvest even on low fertile soils
and in adverse climatic conditions
Absolutely safe

But is it a chamomile?

Many consider chamomile to be a native, Russian flower. Meanwhile, these plants of the Aster family can be seen in the wild on different continents (Australia, South and North America and even South Africa). We have such flowers grow in the wild, they are called medicinal chamomiles, and on their basis, many medicinal and cosmetic products are created.

However, there are also "cultivated daisies", they are also called garden or decorative. But biologists are sure: this is not chamomile at all, but another representative of the Aster family - Nivyanik or Nivnyak. Due to its external similarity, it and some other white flowers (aster, pyrethrum, chrysanthemum, gerbera) are also called chamomile in our country. We will talk about the daisy in this article, calling it a chamomile - it's more usual ...

How to grow a large garden chamomile on a plot?

There are no particular difficulties in planting daisies in the garden. At the same time, there are several ways to grow a shrub: using seedlings, dividing bushes or sowing seeds.

Seedling method of growing

With the help of seedlings, chamomile is planted quite often and very effectively. This growing option is well suited for areas subject to severe frost. Although mature shrubs tolerate cold much better than seeds. Seedlings are planted at intervals of 25-30 cm, 3-4 plants each.

Dividing the bush

By dividing the bushes, the best growing results are achieved. Although this method is considered the simplest, only chamomiles that have reached the age of 3-5 years are suitable for it. They do the transplantation procedure at the beginning of autumn, so that by winter the flower is completely strengthened in the soil.

Growing from seeds

Summer residents are extremely rare in sowing seeds, since this method of planting is not so popular due to its low efficiency.

But by doubling the number of seeds in a hole, you can still grow some healthy shrubs.It is better to buy seeds in proven specialized stores along with accompanying ones to strengthen growth and stimulate absorption with drugs and mineral fertilizers.

Reproduction

The plant propagates by dividing the bush or collecting seeds.

Collection and storage of seeds

When the flower on the stem dries up, seeds form in the core. They fall out when pressed and have a brown tint. They must be removed from those inflorescences that, against the background of the rest, seemed stronger and healthier. Then spread out on a napkin and let dry a little. Then put them in a bag and send them for storage in a place where it is dark and dry.

It is important to collect and properly dry the seeds on time in order to achieve high germination.

Dividing the bush

Garden chamomile also reproduces by dividing the bush. 2-3 years after planting, the bush grows, and a void forms in the middle, since the central trunk dies off. In the spring, dig up such a bush and divide it into several parts.

Next, make small holes 20 cm deep, keeping a distance of 40 cm from one another. Place part of the bush in the hole, cover the root system with earth and water thoroughly.

Landing as the main stage

The most important thing in the process of growing chamomile is planting. It is carried out by seeds that are germinated indoors, depending on the type of climate. The question of planting chamomile in open ground with germination efficiency - in the form of seedlings or directly by seeds into the soil - is decided taking into account the duration of the last frost and the coming warming. It is still better to plant chamomile in the form of seedlings.

In order to grow high-quality chamomile seedlings, you need to attend to the process in advance. At the end of winter, fill cups, pots or honeycomb trays with damp potting mixture, plant a couple of seeds in each cell, cover with a thin layer of soil and leave in a warm, moderately lit place. The seedling soil must be permanently moist. The tray is closed with plastic wrap, which is removed immediately after the seeds germinate, after which the tray is moved in the sun or under a fluorescent lamp.

As soon as the sprouts become 5 cm in height, the excess sprouted stems are carefully pinched off above the soil, leaving the most viable ones.

Seedlings can be planted as soon as the soil has warmed up. It is best to plant chamomile in calcareous or neutral soil. The transplant is carried out after the nutrient mixture is added to the planting holes. The seeds are planted under the same conditions. The seedling pits should be 20-30 cm deep with a distance of 20-40 cm - depending on the variety. In the open field, the fate of planting depends greatly on weather conditions. The sprouts are carefully removed from the cell or pot together with the soil, so as not to damage the root system, and are planted in a hole, in fertilizers and open ground.

African daisies

The most striking and unusual among garden daisies are flowers, which are also called African daisies. These most often include different varieties of gazania and osteospermum. They got their second name due to their natural habitat. These flowers were brought to Europe from Africa, where the history of their cultivation began.

Now the number of varieties of gazania and osteospermum exceeds several hundred. They were bred artificially for decorative purposes. These are mainly perennial plants that are grown both outdoors and in flowerpots. Among them there are plants with small, medium and large inflorescences. They also differ in colors and the number of rows of marginal flowers. There are plants with simple and semi-double inflorescences.

The color variations in the inflorescences of gazania and osteospermum are very large. They can be either one-color - pink, purple, light green, blue, and so on, and multi-colored. The marginal flowers of African daisies can combine 3-4 different color shades at once.

Nivyanik, or perennial garden chamomile

Daisy inflorescences are very similar in appearance to chamomile. They have the same structure, yellow center and white marginal flowers. A clear difference is only the size of the inflorescences, the diameter of which in the daisy is 6 cm.

It looks like a large-flowered daisy:

And so the variety of the nivyanik Silver Princess:

In this photo, the Edelweiss variety, or French chamomile:

Since plants can be grown from seed, they are unpretentious to maintain and have a long flowering period, they are often grown in flower beds and used in modern landscaping.

Among the nivyaniks there are both annual and perennial varieties. The latter, with timely planting, begin to bloom in the first year. In order for the inflorescences to be large and beautiful, the shrubs are recommended to be grown in loamy soil in a sunny area. Water the plants sparingly, as too dry or, conversely, waterlogged soil can lead to the death of the plant.

The daisy reproduces both by seeds and vegetatively. The division is carried out in the fall. Also, closer to the onset of cold weather, all the stems are cut. The plant is considered frost-hardy, so you need to dig it out, but for the preservation of the root system, it can be covered.

Types of chamomile and their prevalence

Garden chamomile, the cultivation of which has become popular, is bred in a variety of varieties for different soil, climatic component, and even for floristic delights. The most popular are 5 varieties of chamomile, it is understandable why:

A princess with a flower diameter of 10-12 cm will decorate and complement any festive bouquet; will live in the garden for at least 3 years.
Alaska is the same large flower, with a long (up to 90 cm) stem, snow-white petals and flowering from June to August. 4 years of life, but begins to bloom only in the second.
The Silver Princess has a stem up to 30 cm, but she blooms from July until frost, her flowers are large, they will decorate any decorative border.
Winner - this variety of chamomile with flowers of different diameters does not require either transplanting or dividing the bush; blooms 3 out of 4 years; snow-white petals, large bright core.
Pharmacy. Unlike the garden varieties bred by man, this ubiquitous annual is not as good in appearance as its garden sisters, but it is easily propagated by seeds, often even spontaneously poured and sprouted, without the slightest difficulty for the gardener. Growing and caring, like any weed, is not difficult, but there are enough useful properties for a wagon of ready-made tablets and capsules.

Adaptation and care

After the chamomile has been relocated to open ground, watering is required only for the first time, until it has taken root. In the future, water is required only in case of severe drying out of the soil. Seeds are planted in the ground just before winter; in the spring, after natural stratification, they will sprout, after which it will only be necessary to track the seedlings and plant them as necessary. Planting seeds both in the ground and for seedlings is an absolutely simple matter that requires compliance with a minimum of conditions and is practically uncomplicated. It takes even less effort to grow a garden chamomile to adulthood.

Landing

You can plant garden chamomile in several ways, namely by the seedling method, by sowing in open ground. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Using seeds

Seeds can be sown directly into the ground. This method is fast and does not require significant investment of time and energy.

Timing

Chamomile seeds are highly resistant to frost, so they are sown both in spring and autumn. Sowing before winter will not only be able to ensure the guaranteed germination of strong plants, but will also significantly save time in the spring. When planting in the spring, make sure that the air temperature is 16 degrees.

Landing scheme

When planting garden chamomile seeds in open ground, the planting algorithm is carefully studied:

Thoroughly fluff the soil saturated with mineral fertilizers.
Sprinkle seeds on it.
Sprinkle a little earth over the seeds.

The plant does not react well to wetlands, so you should take care of the availability of a neutral territory for planting in advance.

Agrofiber

For quick and guaranteed seed germination, it is recommended to use a covering material. It is best to sow garden chamomile seeds under agrofibre.

Thinning

After the sprouted plants have 3 pairs of true leaves, it is recommended to pinch off the extra stems in order to accelerate the growth of the main branches and improve their quality. The plant categorically does not tolerate thickening, therefore it needs timely thinning.

Watering

Watered with extreme caution, since not yet matured plants can suffer under the influence of sharp streams of water.

Features of the seedling method

The method is considered the most successful. Seeds are selected in advance in a flower garden or purchased in March. They can be planted within a month after the first shoots, depending on the temperature and weather conditions.

Disembarkation

No more than three seeds should be planted in a tray with cells, and then covered with soil from peat and sand. Tighten the top with a special film and leave it near the window so that a minimum of the sun's rays falls on it. Watering is carried out using a spray bottle so as not to harm the root system.

Thinning

The sprouts will begin to thin out within 2 weeks after planting. Then you can get rid of the film and place the trays on the windowsill closer to the sunlight. Also, an open window can negatively affect the development of seedlings, so drafts should be avoided.

Topping

After the seedlings reach 5 cm, it is necessary to carefully pinch off the weakest specimens, leaving one bore in the cell. Do not pull them out, since there is a possibility of harm to more developed sprouts.

How to plant in open ground

When the sprout is fully formed and ready for transplanting, it must be moved to open ground. This is a rather painstaking process, which has its own nuances, which should be carefully read.

Timing

To start planting seedlings exactly at the time when the threat of frost passes. The most optimal time for this is the end of May, when the nights will be warmer.

Seat selection

Chamomile takes root well on neutral soils, increased or decreased acidity can negatively affect the growth and development of the plant. Wetlands are the main enemy of chamomile.

Soil preparation

For the full development of garden chamomile, before planting, enrich the soil by applying mineral fertilizers.

Landing scheme

Planting seedlings in open ground has its own characteristics, on which the resistance of the plant as a whole depends, as well as the quantity and quality of buds in the future:

Loosen the soil a little.
Prepare small holes, calculating the size for the root system of the seedlings, at a distance of 35 cm.
Place 2-3 bushes in each hole.
Cover the root system with soil substrate, strengthen it in the soil.

When transplanting, special attention should be paid to the root system, since it is thin, delicate at this moment and can easily be damaged.

Watering and loosening

Water and loosen immediately after planting and repeat the procedure as needed during the growth and development of chamomile.

Large garden chamomile in landscape design

Chamomile can grow on its own, decorating fences or flower beds near the country house.
Often daisies are planted near gazebos or benches, because tall flowers enclose the space, and looking at romantic snow-white inflorescences is much more pleasant than at cucumber beds.
For a richer landscape picture, giant daisies are planted interspersed with delphiniums, cornflowers, bells and lilies.
The composition of white daisies and red roses, yellow tulips or pink peonies looks good.
Many gardeners are experimenting with chamomile varieties, planting shrubs with inflorescences of various colors.

Types and varieties of chamomiles

In addition to the common daisy, or meadow chamomile, there are other types of daisy grown in culture.

Meadow chamomile (Leucanthemum vulgare)

or daisy, grows in Western Europe, Ukraine, the European part of Russia, in the south of Siberia. It is a perennial up to 90 cm high with single inflorescences-baskets with a diameter of 6-7 cm with white ligulate flowers and yellow tubular. In culture, the species has been since 1500. The best garden forms of the species are:

Sanssouci - daisy up to 1 m high with inflorescences up to 12 cm in diameter. White ligulate flowers are arranged in 6-8 rows, the few middle flowers are yellow;
May Queen - very popular in amateur gardens, traditional chamomile up to 50 cm high with bright, shiny dark green leaves forming the ground cover;
Maxima Koenig - a plant up to 1 m high with inflorescences up to 12 cm in diameter with dark yellow median flowers and two rows of white ligulate flowers.

Kuril daisy (Leucanthemum kurilense)

- late-flowering rocky chamomile with dissected leaves, growing in the Kuriles and on the Japanese island of Hokkaido. The rhizome of this species is fleshy, thickened. The plant reaches a height of only 20 cm, while its few single baskets are 5 to 8 cm in diameter. The marginal flowers are white. The Kurilian sycamore has a species of arcticum, which differs in the shape of its leaves.

Breeding and planting features

The breeding and planting conditions of garden daisies can vary significantly, since this name is often used to refer to completely different plants.

Nivyaniki in a flowerbed

Annuals are propagated primarily by seed, which can be purchased inexpensively at a gardening store or harvested on your own. Seeds are sown around mid-spring, but before that they are stratified. The stratification process takes 3-4 months. Do it to increase seed germination. In December, they are placed in wet sand or wet cloth wrapped in cellophane and left to store at about 4 degrees. Check periodically to ensure that the seeds are not dry.

In most cases, flower seeds are sown directly into the open ground after warm weather, but if desired, they can be planted at home in a container and grow seedlings, or you can buy ready-made seedlings.

Aster seeds sold as chamomile seeds.

Perennial plants can also be propagated by cuttings or cuttings. They are separated in late summer or autumn after the end of the flowering period. To form the bush, the bush is carefully dug out of the ground and parts of the rhizome are separated, which can then be planted separately.

To form cuttings, green shoots are cut from the bushes. They are placed in water or a special soil substrate for rooting. After the roots appear, the cuttings are transplanted.

The video below shows how to make cuttings and cuttings correctly:

Morphological description

Large (giant) garden chamomile - a perennial herbaceous bush plant belonging to the Asteraceae (Compositae) family. Feature - large inflorescences, mainly with snow-white petals and a yellow heart.

Often a large garden chamomile is called a cornflower. From a botanical point of view, this name is incorrect: the daisy belongs to the same family, however, the chamomile flowers are slightly smaller, and the leaves are thinner and delicate, not whole.

Garden chamomile is a branchy plant with many inflorescences on one bush. The buds are large, dense, pronounced. The stem is resilient and strong.A healthy plant can bloom all summer long. In many cases, the morphology of garden chamomile is associated with belonging to a particular variety.

Chamomile varieties

In order to enjoy the beauty of flowers, it is worth choosing, from a large number of varieties, suitable only for your garden plot. Many types of large daisies can be seen in the pictures.

A variety of large perennial garden chamomile plants, the varieties of which are grown, amaze with the brightness and size of the inflorescences. You can even choose terry daisies that resemble chrysanthemums and asters.

Multicolored bushes can be red, lilac, pink or yellow. If desired, plants with different flowering periods are selected. Considering that garden chamomile looks great when cut and the flowers, regardless of the variety, stand for a long time, it will not be difficult to decorate your home with a beautiful bouquet throughout the summer period.

Nivyanik is a large perennial chamomile. The size of the inflorescence, with proper care and adherence to simple agrotechnical rules, can reach 15-20 cm. The height of the bush is about 70 cm. Loves sunny, wind-free places. Looks great in cut, retains a fresh look for a long period.
Princess is a short, blooming variety from early July until frost. The height of constantly growing shoots is about 35-40 cm. It blooms perfectly with regular watering. Seeds sown in the fall will sprout in the spring and produce beautiful flowers in the same season. The flower is small, about 10 cm in diameter, but there are several of them on one shoot.
Alaska is another large-flowered cultivar with a tall stem. Flowering from the beginning of the summer cottage season to its end can be considered a big plus. It is planted by seedlings in early spring or by winter sowing with seeds.
Colored varieties of garden chamomile include pyrethrum - pink and red; yellow doronicum. The rose bush grows up to 60 cm, the red one tolerates partial shade, and can reach a height of one and a half meters. Doronicum is unpretentious in care, grows on any soil, easily tolerates drought.