Codrianka grapes: description of the early variety, features of proper cultivation and care

Tatiana Panasenko Was engaged in breeding the variety

Following the advice of winegrowers, she started breeding the most unpretentious crops. Codryanka struck at once with its resistance to spring frosts.

I began to look closely at this species and collect information on cultivation. After 3 years, the harvest amazed with its abundance.

Variety history

The originators of the Codreanka grape variety are Moldovan breeders M.S. Zhuravel, G.M.Borzikova, I.P. Gavrilov. They crossed with each other a pair of time-tested varieties of this berry culture - Marshal and Moldova. As a result, a new grape was obtained, which took many positive qualities from its parents.

Codryanka grapes were submitted for inclusion in the State Register of the Republic, passed all the necessary tests and entered the State Register at the end of the last century.

In the conditions of Russia, this vineyard is recommended for cultivation in the following regions:

• Nizhnevolzhsky;
• North Caucasian.

And winegrowers living in the middle lane and the Moscow region successfully grow Codryanka grapes, covering its vines with special agrofibre for the winter.

Codryanka grapes - photo

Landing features

In the descriptions of the planting requirements for the Codryanka variety, the great advantages include its unpretentiousness in terms of the choice of soils, that is, when choosing a site where seedlings will be planted, general requirements must be taken into account:

• deep bedding of groundwater (2.5-3 m.);
• light, breathable soils are preferred;
• refusal to grow in lowland, wetlands.

Grows well in sandy and rocky soils.

Since the Codryanka bush is distinguished by its strong growth and impressive size, special attention should be paid to creating favorable conditions in terms of freedom of space. Description of the landing site:

• 1.5-2 m. Free space between bushes in a row;
• 2.5-3 m - between the rows.

Annual seedlings are the preferred method of planting Codryanka. Optimal timing of planting seedlings:

• early spring, before the activation of plant life processes (sap flow);
• mid-autumn, before severe seasonal temperature drops.

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After planting, the seedlings must be carefully and thoroughly spud.

Codryanka grapes: description and characteristics of the variety

Many gardeners believe that grape cultivation can be done only in those regions where in winter the thermometer does not drop below -15-18 degrees, spring frosts pass quickly, and the warm season lasts until October.

However, at present, many varieties of this berry have been bred, which winter well under a special shelter in frosts down to -30-35 degrees Celsius, and their clusters have time to ripen in a short summer period. And the Codryanka grape is one of these frost-resistant varieties.

The vines of this vineyard winter well without shelter in frosts down to -20-21 degrees Celsius, but subject to snowy winters

... If the frosts in the region are more severe, then without the appropriate covering material, the vines freeze slightly. But the dry period, the bushes of this grape tolerate calmly, do not stop their growth and ripening of the brushes.

Interesting!

The first harvest from the vines of Codreanca grapes is harvested a couple of seasons after planting the seedlings in a permanent place.

In hot climates, the timing of the ripening of the crop is not particularly important for winegrowers (if they do not prefer grape varieties with a certain ripening time). But in central Russia and regions with similar climatic conditions, it is important that the grape clusters have time to fully ripen in the short summer season.

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AND Codreanca grapes are completely suitable for growing in such climatic conditions, because from the moment the young leaves appear to harvesting from these vines, no more than 4 months pass

... And with the correct rationing of the bunches, the ripening period is reduced to 3.5 months.

It is imperative to normalize the yield of Codryanka grapes, taking into account the age of the bushes and the permissible load of the brushes on each shoot.

Photo of Codryanka grapes

By removing excess ovaries, gardeners eliminate the following negative consequences of overloading vines with a crop:

• the period of maturation of the brushes is not delayed;
• the size of the fruit does not decrease;
• amicable maturation of brushes in a short time.

In the spring, the eyes of this grape variety should be normalized, leaving no more than 30 pieces on each vine.
The height of shoots in Codryanka grapes can reach 1.9-2.1 m and above

... New shoots have time to mature completely during the summer season. The foliage is large, rounded, with wavy edges. Small bristles are clearly visible on the foliage, and there are also denticles. Blistering in the leaf blades is completely absent (or little noticeable).

On the shoots of Codryana grapes, bisexual flowers are formed, but pollination does not always occur completely. As a result, some of the fruits remain immature, no seeds are formed in them. So overall Codreanca grapes are prone to peas

... Many growers grow alongside this variety for better pollination of melliferous plants (rapeseed, mustard) to attract pollinating insects.

Interesting!

The average weight of Codryanka grape bunches is 0.55-0.6 kg, and with good agricultural technology, it is possible to achieve the weight of individual brushes up to 0.9-1.1 kg. Ripe fruits are large, oblong-oval, weighing at least 7-8 g.

The skin is dense, crunchy, dark purple in color, covered with a gray waxy bloom, which prevents rapid evaporation of moisture, damage to the fruit, and negative environmental impact. In rainy weather, the peel may burst, while the presentation of the crop deteriorates. The berries are tightly attached to the stalks, so they are practically not prone to shedding. The pulp is juicy and tender, contains a couple of large seeds.

The taste of ripe grapes of Kordyanka is sweet, practically without sourness

... The amount of sugars in 100 g of the product is about 15.9%, acids - up to 6.9 g / l. Tasting experts' assessment of the taste of Codrianka grapes on a 10-point scale - 9.1.

Codryanka grapes - video

Advantages and disadvantages

The main advantages of the Codrianka grape variety include

:

• high productivity;
• the beginning of fruiting occurs a couple of seasons after the planting of seedlings;
• high tasting assessment of ripe berries;
• good presentation of the bunches;
• vines ripen by at least 90% per season;
• early ripening of the Codreanca grape harvest;
• the ripening of the bunches does not depend on the "whims" of nature.
  But the variety also has a number of disadvantages.

  :

• in rainy weather, the berries can crack;
• mandatory rationing of the crop is required;
• Codreanca grapes are prone to peas;
• vines are prone to overloading.

White variety

Today, winegrowers and markets can find an "interesting" grape variety, which is called Codryanka, but does not correspond to its classical characteristics.

White Kodryanka is a hybrid form of unknown origin. In Volgograd, White Kodryanka is called Cinderella.

A brief description of the differences from the classic variety:

• The average ripening period is 130-140 days (in the Volgograd region, White Codryanka ripens at the end of August).
• Bunch weight - 600-800 gr.
• Berries are oval, larger (3.5 x 2.4 cm). Weight - 10-12 gr.
• Externally, the Kodryanka white variety is very similar to the Biruintsa variety.
• Requires close care, as it is unstable to diseases.

Recently, the field of viticulture has been replenished with a new hybrid - this is the Codreanca grape, obtained by crossing the bushes of the Marshal grapes and Moldova. The culture takes root well on rocky and sandy soils and requires minimal intervention during cultivation. She brings a consistently rich harvest.

Diseases and pests of grapes

The main disease that can damage Codreanca vines is mildew

... For preventive purposes, all diseased shoots and berries should be cut out, all foliage should be removed from the site and burned. Sanitary pruning is carried out in the spring. Before flowering, shoots should be treated with topaz, ridomil or carbomide. After flowering, Strobi should be used to treat the vines.

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Reproduction

Codryanka grapes are propagated mainly by one-year-old cuttings. Cuttings can be carried out both in spring and in autumn, before frost, then they can be prepared during pruning. Each shank should have from two to four eyes, and they should be about 30 cm long.

Autumn cuttings are tied in bunches and stored in the basement by digging in a box with wet sand, before that leaves and shoots are cut off from them.

In February, the shanks are taken out, examined, treated with a solution of potassium permanganate and kept in water for two days. Then the lower part is treated with a growth stimulant, for example, Kornevin, and the upper part can be sealed with paraffin. Then the cuttings are rooted in wet sand, sawdust or jars of water.

Codryanka grapes: cultivation techniques, planting and care of the variety

Planting Codryanka grapes should be carried out in the spring before bud break, and in the fall - 28-30 days before the onset of cold weather

.

It is best to use one-year-old grape seedlings for planting in a permanent place. Before planting, it is recommended to dip it in a powdery growth stimulant.

How to plant grapes correctly - video

The landing site must be level or elevated

... It is not recommended to locate a vineyard in the lowlands, as cold air accumulates there, which is destructive for this berry culture. Also, in such areas, groundwater comes too close to the soil surface and can provoke the development of rot or fungal diseases.

Planting pits should be 0.5 * 0.5 m in size. A drainage layer with a thickness of at least 8-9 cm is laid out on their bottom. You should also prepare a nutrient substrate from garden soil, humus, superphosphate and potassium salt.

The distance between adjacent planting pits should be 1.8-2.0 m, and between rows - 2.8-3.0 m.

All ingredients are thoroughly mixed, and then the seedlings of Codrianka grapes are poured with the resulting soil mixture. The soil is compacted, then irrigated. Pour about 20 liters of water under each plant.

In the process of further caring for Codrianka vines, regular watering should be carried out.

Important!

In the first three seasons, at least 30 liters of water must be applied under each plant, at least 6 buckets are brought under adult bushes.

During the period of drought, the top layer of the soil must not be allowed to dry out. Seedlings are especially sensitive to lack of moisture in the soil in the first years of growth.

In rainy times, the amount of watering is reduced.

Top dressing of Codryanka grapes

In the first two years after planting, no fertilizers are applied to young vines, since everything necessary was introduced when planting the plants.

In subsequent years, the Codrianka grape bushes are fertilized according to the following scheme:

• in early spring, after the snow has completely melted, 40 g of ammonium sulfate is introduced;
• until the buds appear, 1 liter of green leaves, cow dung or bird droppings are introduced under each bush;
• during the flowering period, the drug "Ovary" is introduced;
• during the ripening period of the fruits, 25 g of superphosphate and 20 g of potassium nitrate are introduced for each square of the area;
• in the course of preparing the bushes for winter, 20-30 kg of humus are introduced into each trunk circle.

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Codrianka grapes: how to prune

In the first two seasons, only weak stems that have not matured are removed from vines. In adult bushes of Codreanca grapes, pruning is carried out according to a pre-compiled scheme, taking into account the permissible crop load.

For fruiting bushes, the permissible load is no more than 18-20 shoots for one bush.

Pruning grapes

Preparing vineyards for winter

Preparing the Codryanka grape bushes for winter, you need to carry out the following activities:

• water charging irrigation;
• application of the last top dressing for the season, including phosphorus and potash fertilizers;
• before frost, remove all foliage, cut off shoots 2/3 of the length;
• plants are laid on the ground and covered with spruce branches or other covering material. Snow is thrown on top during the winter.

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How to plant

Annual seedlings are best suited for planting. The peculiarity of the variety is that it is undemanding to the soil. And if the grapes are planned to be grown for making wine, then the sandy stony soils will make it possible to obtain the fruits most suitable for this purpose.

The planting process takes place in several stages:

1. First, they prepare the landing pit, it is better to do this in advance.
2. Drainage from broken bricks or rubble is poured into the bottom of the pit.
3. The next layer is a mixture of earth, humus in the amount of two buckets, superphosphate and wood ash or potassium nitrate.
4. Followed by a layer of fertile soil, from which a mound 25 cm high is formed.
5. The seedling is placed in the hole slightly tilted, covered with soil, trampled, watered with warm water.
6. When the moisture is absorbed, the soil is poured to the edges of the planting pit.
7. The land under the bush is mulched with humus or peat, you can use ash or straw.

You can plant grapes in spring or autumn. In the first case, the planting hole is prepared in October, in the second, about four weeks before planting. It is imperative to take care of the support, the peg is dug into the hole next to the seedling.

If several bushes are planted between them, it is necessary to maintain a distance of 2-2.5 m.

Rules for planting a grape bush

Codryanka grapes: reviews of those who grow the variety

On the forums, winegrowers leave their feedback on the cultivation of Codreanka grapes. Some of them are listed below.

Elena, 49 years old, Domodedovo: I acquired several sprouted cuttings of this variety, only one of 5 died.After a couple of seasons, one bunch ripened on each of the seedlings, the berries were large and tasty. In the next season, I did not normalize the bushes, so although all the brushes that appeared had ripened, most of the berries in the brushes were too small and not too sweet. In the future, I took into account my mistake, formed the harvest correctly, as a result the bunches were large (at least 700 g), the yield was high, and the taste of the harvested Codryanka grapes was excellent.

Ekaterina, 50 years old, Saratov region: I have been growing Codryanka on my site for the fifth year already. The bushes have formed during this time, all the shoots are strong and powerful, with the correct normalization I get 30-35 kg of harvest from each bush. So that peas do not appear on the brushes, I tear off the foliage around the bunches, I also sprayed the lashes with boric acid a couple of times per season. The harvest ripens in the last decade of August.

Irina, 39 years old, Voronezh region: This year I was too lazy, I did not take care of the Codryanka grapes properly. As a result, during the formation of fruits, the foliage around them did not remove, therefore, the berries became smaller. In past seasons, I planted honey plants near Kodryanka for better pollination, and the bees flew in a swarm around my vineyard. And this year she planted nothing, as a result, the flowers were poorly pollinated, there was practically no harvest.

Growing grapes Codreanca, you need to adhere to certain rules

... With timely watering, fertilization, correct pollination and rationing of the harvest, each adult bush can produce high yields of delicious grapes with a dessert taste.