Cherry Bystrinka: photo and description of the variety, characteristics, cultivation features

Cherry varieties

An amateur gardener who competently selects and grows cherry seedlings of different ripening periods in his garden will be able to consume unprocessed fruits for two months. In addition, there are varieties, the fruits of which may not fall from the tree for several days after ripening, and also stored in a cool place for some time.

Scientists and hobbyists have developed a significant number of new varieties of cherries. The gardener should grow those varieties that have been tested in experimental stations for a long time. Those varieties that are quickly promoted on the market based on results obtained over one to two years may not meet the declared characteristics. The loss of time in this case will be several years. You should also not plant cherry root shoots; special techniques must be used to grow them.

To eliminate mistakes, you need to purchase varieties grafted onto rootstocks that have increased resistance to cold winters.

Description of the variety

Cherry in memory of Vavilov belongs to self-fruitless varieties, therefore, another variety of cherries is required for pollination nearby. Fruiting occurs from 4 years after planting. Early flowering, harvesting takes place in the 20th of July.

In the description of the variety, it is important to indicate that the yield reaches 20 kilograms, taking into account the compliance with the growing requirements.

Characteristics:

Taste properties are rated 4 out of 5 points.
Sugar is 11%.
Organic acids - 1.6%.
Dry matter - 18.1%.
Ascorbic acid - 21.65 milligrams / 100 grams.

Appearance

Consider the appearance of all parts of the cherry.

Wood

The crown of the tree is in the shape of a wide pyramid, the foliage is not too dense. The bark is light brown with a green tint. Young shoots have more green color than brownish. Such branches are flexible, bend strongly. The buds and leaves are large. The first are in the form of a cone, the top is pointed and deviates from the shoot.

Fruits and foliage

The fruits are of the same size, heart-shaped. Weight ranges from 3.6 grams to 4.2, which is average. The base is round, deepened, the tail is pointed. The ripe fruit is dark red in color, the inner part is several tones lighter. The inside is juicy and soft. The stone is large, oval in shape.

Features of growing cherries Bystrinka

The cherry orchard is a gardener's dream, but sometimes you have to face difficulties. The right variety will help you avoid common mistakes. Bystrinka cherries are undersized, but fruitful and unpretentious. It is easy to grow them on the site, even a beginner can cope with this task.

The relatively young Bystrinka cherry variety has been available to the public since 2004. Russian breeders have developed a variety specifically for the middle lane.

Kolesnikova A.F .;
Mikheeva M.V .;
Zhdanova G.B.

The adapted variety is frost hardy and productive

Low-growing Bystrinka cherry is popular among gardeners. This variety does not need careful maintenance, but under these conditions it has high productivity. In addition, this cherry has a number of advantages that encourage planting it in the garden.

Bystrinka is a cherry variety with many benefits

Planting seedlings can be carried out both in spring and autumn. Experts believe that trees planted in spring take root much faster and better. They bear fruit earlier than those that are planted in the fall.

It is extremely important to choose the right landing site. A well-lit area with loamy or sandy loam soil is ideal. Good drainage must be ensured. It is also worth paying attention to the indicator of soil acidity: it must be neutral or have an acid-base reaction.

Important! If the soil is acidic, the tree will grow slowly and yield low yields. To achieve the necessary acidity of the soil, lime can be added to it (600 g per 1 m2)

Cherries feel good in elevated places, but only if there are no drafts.

The depth of the groundwater is also important, they can provoke rotting of the roots. The optimum depth at which groundwater should be located is 2 - 2.5 m.

Information! When choosing a seedling, the first thing you need to pay attention to is the state of its root system. It should not have dry or rotten shoots.

The trunk of the seedling should be free of cracks or any damage, putrefactive diseases, growths and peeling. The trunk should be flat, and its diameter should be no more than 2 cm.

Read next: Lemon Meyer description of the variety of home care

The selected seedling must first be soaked in warm water with a growth stimulant dissolved in it. To do this, you can use drugs such as Konevin, Epin or Gaupsin. The soaking time of the root system is 4 - 5 hours.

While the root system of the seedling is soaked, the grower has time to prepare the site where the tree will be planted. The soil must be well dug up, all weeds and residues of plants or fruits must be removed from it.

The seedling rhizomes must be soaked in warm water.

In the prepared soil, it is necessary to dig a hole 60 cm in diameter, no more than 70 cm deep.

Important! If several seedlings are supposed to be planted, the distance between them should be approximately 2.5 - 2.9 m. If the distance between the trees is less, they will shade each other, which will prevent the crowns from forming normally.

In the central part of the pit, a stake of 1.5 - 2 m high is driven in. It will be used as a support for the root system and the trunk of the seedling. Now, at the bottom of the dug hole, you need to pour root dressing. A good mix is wood ash, superphosphate, and compost mixed in equal amounts.

The seedling needs support

When placing a seedling in a hole, it is necessary to level its roots. The root collar should be above the soil level at a height of no more than 4 cm.

After that, the pit is evenly covered with earth and compacted. The seedling should be watered immediately using 1.5 - 2 buckets of water. To reduce the evaporation of moisture from the soil, you can use the mulching method using peat or sawdust. In this case, the root collar should not be covered.

Seedling planting pit

Bystryanka - cherry is not too whimsical, but you need to follow the basic rules of care.

When choosing a location, you need to pay attention to the location of coniferous trees. They should be kept as far away from the cherry seedlings as possible. The needles are a unique vector of various kinds of diseases and pose an immediate threat to the normal development of cherry trees.

The soil around the tree must be loosened as necessary, and weeds must be destroyed. If a lot of weeds grow near the trunk, the tree will not receive the required amount of nutrients, which will negatively affect the quantity and quality of the crop.

Important! The loosening depth should not be more than 10 cm, since the cherry roots are located close to the soil surface.

Water the soil as it dries. Typically, up to 5 buckets of water are required. This is enough to soak the soil to a depth of 60 cm.

Important! In order not to blur the roots. watering is recommended in a small hole, which is done at a distance of 60 - 80 cm from the tree trunk.

Approximately 2 years after planting, the tree has already fully utilized the fertilizer introduced into the hole during planting. If you do not make timely feeding, it will not give young shoots, the berries will not be juicy, and the yield will significantly decrease. As a top dressing, you can use organic fertilizers: compost, manure, etc. At the same time, you should pay attention to the fact that organic fertilizing is performed no more than 1 time for 3-4 years.

Top dressing using mineral fertilizers will be needed after the tree is 7 years old.

Despite the fact that Bystrik's cherry belongs to winter-hardy varieties, it must be prepared for the onset of winter. To do this, the tree trunk is wrapped with a dense cloth to a height of 1 m. At the end of September, it is necessary to water the tree with water with phosphate-potassium fertilizer. To do this, it is recommended to pour at least 15 buckets of liquid under each tree.

Compliance with these simple rules will help keep the tree healthy and get a rich harvest of tasty and healthy cherries in the summer.

It is allowed to grow this culture in elevated areas, which are well illuminated by the sun's rays. This condition not only protects the plant from root rot, but also ensures uniform and rapid ripening of the fruit. Planting is best done near hedges and buildings that will protect the bushes from windy weather. The distance between the bush and the building should be at least 5 m in order to protect the trunk from an excess of snow cover.

The soil for planting should be light and fertile. The best option is loamy soils. They contain enough useful elements that have a positive effect on the appearance of the plant and berries. If there is no possibility of planting in such soils, then planting in any is allowed, but they must be fed with humus or peat (20 kg of substance per 1 sq. M.). Under the condition of increased acidity of the soil (more than 4%), liming of the earth is carried out.

When buying a seedling, the choice should fall on 1-year-old options, which are characterized by increased resistance to negative climatic conditions and diseases. In the spring, at the end of March, a seedling is placed inside the hole. Its roots are sprinkled with earth so that the root collar is above the ground. After that, pour 20 liters of warm water.

For planting, you should choose annual seedlings.

Planting and leaving

If the seedling is from a container, it can be planted from spring to early autumn. If the roots are bare, only in spring. Prepare a planting site, think about it taking into account the need for root space. The recommended area for cherry trees is 4x4 meters. The site should be sunny but calm. Ideal if there is a wall or fence nearby. It develops in loamy and sandy loam soils.

Important! Fill the hole with two buckets of water a couple of days before planting. This will allow the soil to soak in moisture.

Dig a hole 0.6 meters deep and the same diameter. Mix the extracted soil with fertilizers. Place the seedling so that the transition from the roots to the trunk is 7 centimeters above the ground. Sprinkle with soil, ram. We form a hole around the trunk with a radius of up to 40 centimeters, fill it with three buckets of settled water.

When planting, you should immediately trim the tree. Prune dead wood, damaged branches annually. With abundant growth, it is worth thinning - shape the crown. After planting, the plant should be watered to the tips of the roots, to a depth of 50 centimeters. This is achieved by watering one bucket a couple of times a week.If the summer is dry, increase the amount of water used to 2 buckets.

Mulching with organic fertilizers will help preserve moisture in the soil. Lay them around the trunk up to 10 centimeters thick. The soil should be loosened superficially, weeds should be removed around the tree.

SUPER EARLY

Among the super early varieties, you can also find something unusual. Take at least the June variety. Fruits of an unusual red color with a purple tint, weighing as much as 50 g. The pulp is very tasty, sweet, rich yellow.

The Golden Ball variety is very interesting. It is also quite large (40-60 g), and tastes like a peach. Fruits are golden yellow in color. The variety bears fruit early - from the third year. His yield is very high. The branches are covered with fruits like corn cobs.

JUST EARLY

From the early ones, the Alyonushka variety is very popular. The value of the variety is in the high winter hardiness of fruit buds. The variety bears fruit in the most unfavorable years. In addition, the fruits are quite large - up to 40 g. The pulp is very tasty, with spicy notes.

In the second year after planting, a variety with the symbolic name Skoroplodnaya bears fruit. It is winter-hardy, and the fruits are large - an average of 40 g. The taste is just excellent.

But the best of all of the early varieties of plums is the Kyrgyz excellent. Its plums reach a weight of 60-100 g. The variety is highly winter-hardy, with beautiful dark red fruits the size of a small apple. The yield is very high.

Sharovaya is also one of the best early varieties.

Fruits are round, red, burgundy-blue in full ripeness, up to 50 g in weight. It is noteworthy that the variety has a very small bone, which separates well from the pulp, which is very good for preparing winter preparations.

MEDIUM MEL

From mid-season, a notable variety is the Souvenir of the East. Very yielding, although slightly winter-hardy. Fruits weighing more than 50-60 g, maroon color. The taste of the fruit is remarkable - honey.

The memory of Vavilov - a bad variety will not be dedicated to the breeder. And this variety is no exception. Its fruits are very large (70-90 g), amber, almost transparent, of excellent taste.

A very unusual variety Romain is a Krasnomyasa seedling. He inherited the red color of foliage and fruit. The fruits weigh only 30-35 g, but with an almond flavor.

LATE MATURE

Better than many others, the Canadian prune variety Stanley, aka Stanley, has established itself. And, although his yield is average, the fruits reach 60 g in weight. It tastes simple, but sweet.

The old variety Renklod Altana is not losing ground either. Until now, it is among the top ten varieties of plums. Its fruits are large (50 g or more), beautiful, good taste.

class = ”narod__hr”> 08/15/2015

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Planting, care: key requirements and nuances

Cherry Memory Vavilov: photo of the variety

In any case, the gardener is always required to follow all the rules that are just related to planting a plant and its subsequent care. Cherry Pamyat Vavilova bears excellent and very tasty fruits, but you should not ignore her demands.

If the gardener is attentive to all the subtleties, if he is well acquainted with the varietal characteristics and traits, then it will be much easier for him to focus on agricultural technology, and it will also be much easier to fulfill all the established requirements and standards for planting care.

Cherry variety Pamyat Vavilova has average frost resistance, while in central Russia, bark, buds, wood - all this quite calmly survives frosts, therefore weather conditions do not have the most negative effect on plantings.

Cherry planting Pamyat Vavilov

Before the seedling is sent to the open ground, it is recommended to prepare a place for planting in advance. It should be well lit, located on a hill, and at the same time protected from sudden gusts of wind and drafts (these factors can be especially negative if the seedling is still very young and has not yet had time to finally adapt to external conditions.

Before planting, cherry seedlings Pamyat Vavilov are carefully examined for damage or disease. If suddenly the root system or its parts were affected, then they must be carefully removed. The cut sites must be treated with activated carbon so that bacteria no longer penetrate there.

Next, the seedling is sent into the open ground, it is planted in a hole, a peg is installed next to it. The peg is necessary in order to support the planting, and also so that the seedling does not break or be damaged by gusts of winds. The root collar should protrude about three to four centimeters above the ground surface.

The complete landing algorithm is as follows:

the gardener selects healthy and full-fledged seedlings, examines them from all sides. Before planting, the seedlings are placed in a growth stimulator - Kornevin for several hours;
the seedling is placed in a pre-prepared hole, which is filled with fertile soil. A peg is driven into the center, which will become the future support for planting. Around the peg, the mixture is poured in the form of a mound, the seedling itself is installed on the mound. Experienced gardeners recommend planting not alone, but together - one person will support the seedling from above, and the second will gently spread the roots;
soil is poured onto the roots, this should be done carefully, constantly shaking the seedling. This must be done so that air pockets do not form around the roots, which will lead to the formation of cavities and the development of pathogenic bacteria;
the seedling is tied to a peg, do it carefully. This can be done from the north side of the peg strictly vertically - the seedling should not deviate anywhere, otherwise this will lead to the fact that the tree will grow unevenly and unevenly.

Then the gardener monitors how the cherry sapling of the Pamyat Vavilov variety takes root, how it adapts and takes root in new conditions. It is extremely important to maintain the vital activity of the planting, to mulch the near-trunk circle. Mulch has several functions - it protects the planting from attack by bacteria, and also prevents moisture from evaporating from the soil too quickly. In addition, thanks to the mulch, the necessary amount of heat is retained in the soil, which is also very important for the general condition of the planting.

After the planting of the seedling has been completed, an earthen roller should be made around the entire circumference. It should be located about 25 centimeters from the main trunk, and thanks to this, the roller will indicate the space for full watering of the plant. It is recommended to water the seedlings with settled water at room temperature. In general, the root system of a plant is considered very delicate and vulnerable, and therefore it is still recommended to be very careful about both the watering process and the feeding.

They are part of agricultural activities, just like pruning, fertilizing, harvesting, planting rejuvenation.Cherries of the Pamyat Vavilova variety do not tolerate transplants, so initially the gardener should make sure that the planting site is as comfortable and well-lit as possible.

To water one cherry seedling, a gardener will need about two or three buckets of water, but temperature indicators and regimes must be taken into account, because otherwise the planting will feel less comfortable, and in general, the growth and development of this cherry seedling may noticeably slow down. Because of this, the periods of fruiting will shift.

Agrotechnics

Cherry Memory of Vavilov: photo

When the tree matures, the agricultural technique can be slightly changed. For example, it is worth increasing the number watering - at least three times per season. You should also focus on climatic and weather conditions, on the amount of precipitation and the duration of dry periods. Only taking into account all the external features, as well as taking into account the state of planting, it will be possible to create the most favorable irrigation schedule that will meet all planting requirements.

The first watering should be scheduled at the time when flowering ends. The second time the cherries are watered after the fruits have gradually filled in, and when they begin to ripen gradually. At this time, they really need watering so that they can become juicy and large - something that corresponds to varietal indicators and characteristics. The third watering should be carried out at the very beginning of October, after the leaves have fallen off, and the planting will need to be prepared for the winter period.

It should be remembered loosening soil after irrigation during the entire growing season. Also, the trunk circle should be not only loose (to allow oxygen and moisture to pass through), but also cleaned of weeds and other excess vegetation. This may not have the best effect on the state of the plantings, on their characteristics and properties, and therefore it is still worthwhile to pay as much attention as possible to some issues and points that are related to the hygiene and aesthetics of the sites.

I would like to say that there are step-by-step instructions for planting a cherry tree. If the grower adheres to it, then he will have an increased chance of creating a very rich, vigorous and productive plant. The most important thing is also that, in general, even a gardener who does not have any specific and very rich experience in planting a plant can cope with this algorithm. Only by observing the conditions, the gardener will be able to achieve the maximum that the planting will be capable of.

But there are some points that you should definitely follow. These aspects include the following:

the recommended time frame for planting a cherry tree;
a suitable place in which the planting will feel comfortable and develop in accordance with the requirements of the variety;
neighborhood with cherry planting;
selection of healthy and viable planting material, preparation for planting in open ground;
landing algorithm and subtleties;
subsequent care of the plant so that the planting will live and bear fruit as long as possible, despite the external conditions and characteristics.

Let's talk a little about dressing. In the first couple of years, planting will not need fertilization and dressing at all, for the reason that they will be saturated with all the necessary substances and components from the saturated and ennobled soil. But after two or three years, it is still necessary to start making additional fertilizing and substances so that the planting can feel much more comfortable.

Usually fertilizers are applied in the autumn, before the gardener prescribes a deep digging of the personal plot. So, for one cherry tree, we need to apply potash fertilizers, phosphorus fertilizers (all these dressings are applied mainly in dry form).In the early spring period, it is necessary to make the soil saturated with nitrogen-containing components.

This will require about fifty grams of dressings, which will be ideal for saturating the planting and creating the most favorable conditions for it. You should not be zealous with feeding, as you can overfeed the planting quite strongly and harm it. And in general, experienced gardeners say that it is better not to feed the planting than to create conditions of satiety for it, in which the cherry will experience discomfort.

When the Pamyat Vavilov cherry reaches the age of two years, then the formation of the crown should begin. For this, the twigs are pruned. They carefully examine the planting, shorten the growths so that the plant looks not only neat, but also healthy. If the cherry Pamyat Vavilov becomes very old, then gardeners are advised to carry out anti-aging pruning. Thanks to her, the tree can be given a second life. It should be borne in mind that, in principle, trees tolerate these procedures quite calmly and normally recover after pruning and shaping.

Frost protection Is another important condition that must be maintained by gardeners. The fact is that the winter period can be very harsh, both for adult plants and for young seedlings. Therefore, it is necessary to protect plantings using materials such as glass wool and roofing felt, reeds, spruce forests, thick paper.

Cherry Memory of Vavilov: photo

If the trunk has been damaged by rodents, pests or mechanically by the gardener himself, then the place of damage is carefully cleaned with a knife, smeared with garden pitch to prevent further penetration of infection into the bark. From above, it is better to tie up the trunk with a dense cloth that will allow a small amount of air to pass through.

In general, if you create such conditions for planting, you can reduce the risk of injury, freezing or other negative manifestations from the side of planting. The main thing is to be able to recognize in time some negative manifestations on the part of the variety, its some signals that it is worth being more attentive to agrotechnical moments, and then the gardener will achieve an excellent and significant result.

Let's talk a little about what pests are, and how they can be dangerous for the cherry tree. In general, the variety is quite resistant, and with all this, it is quite rarely affected by such common diseases as moniliosis or coccomycosis, which can lead to the inevitable death of the plant.

Rodents can attack Pamyat Vavilov cherries, but not very often. The thing is that the bark of the tree is bitter, and with its taste, it does not attract rodents or other pests at all. This is another plus of planting, as it can regenerate itself.

The disadvantage of planting is that the tree is very tall, it is quite problematic to care for it, and it is not easy to harvest the resulting crop. Sometimes the fruits of the Pamyat Vavilov cherry can crumble, but in rare cases - usually gardeners manage to collect most of the harvest, preserving it and using it for universal purposes.

Cherry Shokoladnitsa

The variety was bred at the end of the 20th century. The fruits are burgundy. It is a small tree. Its height is no more than 2.5 m. The set of branches and leaves form a pyramidal shape.

The plant looks more like a bush than a tree. Forms many fruits. The flowers are white.

Blooms in May. Cherries ripen in July. But in different regions, the timing may vary. They taste sweetish, slightly sour.

The mass of one fruit is up to 3.5 g. The seed is easily separated from the pulp. Productivity - up to 15 kg. Fruiting begins 3 years after planting. Grows up to 20 years.

Due to the large number of fruits, sometimes the branches of the chocolate maker need to be tied to a support.

PROS:

cold hardiness
early ripening of cherries
undemanding to soil moisture

Harvesting and preparing for winter

In the middle of summer, when active fruiting begins, harvesting begins. They wait until most of the cherries acquire a beautiful red color and carefully remove the berries along with the cuttings. The cherry must be firm. If the berry quickly chokes in your hands and wrinkles, it is overripe. Overripe fruits are great for making homemade wine.

The collected berries are washed just before use. When cleaning for storage, cherries are cleaned of debris and cuttings are torn off, and then put into the refrigerator for a period of no more than a month. At room temperature, cherries are stored for a short time - up to 10 days, and then they begin to deteriorate or ferment.

Berries are well frozen, after thawing they are also suitable for fresh consumption and making juices, smoothies. Tinned cherries can be stored for up to a year.

Before the coming winter, the cherry is cut from more than half of the shoots, all the leaves are removed and all branches are tilted to the tree trunk. Shoots are fixed in this position. The whole tree is wrapped in a windproof cloth or agrofibre in a circle and left to winter. The soil is also insulated before winter by introducing mulch into it. Mulch will preserve roots and keep them from cold. In the southern regions, cherries do not need to be covered for the winter.

Cherry and cherry hybrids

The varieties obtained by crossing cherries and sweet cherries are called ducs. About 30 species of such hybrids grow in Russia. Several varieties will be described below.

Kharitonovskaya

Cherries with medium ripening. The height of the tree is 2.5 - 3 m. The branches form a spherical shape.

Cherries are dark red in color, juicy, weighing about 5 g. Sweet and sour. The bone can be easily separated from the pulp.

But she's pretty big. They are distinguished by good transportability. Fruiting occurs in the 4th year of planting.

It is capable of pollinating on its own, but for good fruiting, varieties should be planted next to it:

Vladimirskaya
Lyubskaya
Zhukovskaya

PROS:

it is rarely affected by fungal diseases.

MINUSES:

not suitable for cultivation in areas with severe frost.

Podbelskaya

Tall tree - up to 5 m. The collection of branches forms a rounded shape.

Cherries are dark red, weighing up to 5 g. Fibrous. It tastes sweet and sour.

Fruiting begins 4 - 5 years after planting, in the middle of summer. The fruits ripen gradually. The seed leaves the pulp without difficulty. Can be used in any form.

This variety is not able to withstand a strong drop in air temperature.

The plant's pollen is sterile. It is recommended to plant cherries next to it, or such varieties of cherries as:

English early
Lotova
Anadolskaya
May Duke
Griot Ostheim

Cherry Podbelskaya bears fruit best in the southern regions of the country.

Miracle

The collection of branches and leaves forms a pyramidal shape. The flowers are large and white. Fruits are dark red, weighing up to 10 g.

It tastes sweet, like cherries. But the aroma is reminiscent of cherry. Full fruiting begins in the 4th year of planting. Productivity - 10 - 15 kg from one tree.

The miracle bears fruit every year. The first crop can be harvested at the end of June. It is a cross-pollinated cherry variety.

To get a harvest, you need to plant a sweet cherry next to it.

You should not plant such varieties of cherries next to the Miracle cherry as: Valery Chkalov; Drogana yellow; Large-fruited; Valeria; Farewell.

The branches of the tree have the ability to stretch. For the correct formation of the crown, some gardeners tie a load to the branches. The variety is better suited for the warmer regions of the country.

It is not worth planting in the middle part of Russia. The landing site must be chosen calm, light, without close occurrence of groundwater.

The plant must be pruned within 5 years. In the first year of life, during spring pruning, 1/6 of the shoots are cut off.

PROS:

the variety is resistant to fungal diseases.

MINUSES:

Cherry Miracle cannot become a pollinator - its pollen is sterile.

Baby

Plant height - 2 - 2.5 m. It grows very quickly. Not able to pollinate on its own.

Flowering begins in May. Early - bears fruit in June, 3-4 years after planting. 1 cherry weighs about 5 g. Color - dark red.

Up to 15 kg of harvest is harvested from one plant. Pleasant to the taste, slightly sour. They are mainly used fresh, but they are also suitable for blanks.

Transportable. Stored for no more than 10 days.

PROS:

high yields
disease resistance
endurance to strong drops in air temperature
pleasant fruit taste

MINUSES:

Susceptible to infection with certain diseases

Initially, this variety was named Saratov baby.

Best neighbors for her:

Youth
Nord Star
Lyubskaya
Turgenevka

Spunk

The variety was bred by Ukrainian breeders. Trees with early fruit ripening.

It is popular not only in its own country, but also abroad. These are tall plants up to 6 m. Fruiting begins at the age of 5 - 6 years, in June or early July.

The crop is harvested gradually. An adult plant produces up to 0.5 centners of fruits. Cherry dark brown, weighing 4 - 5 g.

They are prone to shedding. Inside there is a small bone that can be easily separated from the pulp. The taste is sweet, with a slight sourness. Can be used both fresh and for preparation and freezing.

Able to pollinate with its own pollen. But at the same time, a small amount of fruit is obtained.

It is recommended to plant next to it:

Griot Ostheimsky;
Griot is Ukrainian.

Spanking is not suitable for long distance transport.

PROS:

the ability to withstand low temperatures (up to -35 degrees);
high disease resistance
pleasant taste of cherries
drought tolerance

MINUSES:

due to the high growth of trees, it is difficult to pick fruits from them;
the first harvest sometimes needs to wait up to 6 years.

For good growth, the plant must be planted in light, fertile soil.

Spunk comes in many varieties:

dwarf
Bryansk
large-fruited
Donetsk
early

Variety characteristics

Cherry variety in Memory of Vavilov according to the principle of fertilization belongs to the self-infertile category fruit crops. Belonging to this variety means that due to some structural features of the flower (the stamens and stigma of the pistil are located in the bud at different levels) and the way the ovary is formed, an extremely small number of fruits are formed with the help of self-pollination.

Self-infertile varieties are also Zhukovskaya, Malinovka, Podbelskaya.

This problem is eliminated by placing other cherry varieties near the individual of the described variety.

In suitable climatic and agrotechnical conditions, the culture begins to bear fruit in the fourth year after planting the seedling.

Every year a tree blooms early enough, and by the time of fruit ripening, it belongs to early-medium cherries. Ripe berries are usually harvested between July 15 and 25.

If all the requirements for planting, caring for the plant and its protection from diseases and pests are strictly followed, the Vavilov Memory cherry demonstrates quite a high yield. In particular, annually, on average, one adult tree is removed harvest of 13-16 kg, and sometimes 20-22 kg.

Such varieties as Rossoshanskaya black, Tamaris, Shalunya, Chernokorka also demonstrate high productivity.

Cherries of this variety bear fruit with excellent flavoring properties. The products are characterized by distinct refreshing notes with a pleasant sourness.

Many experts give this cherry species more than 4 points on a 5-point scale for assessing tasting attractiveness. Such recognition is of great importance for the popularization of cherries in new regions.

The chemical composition of the variety Pamyati Vavilova includes the following chemical components:

Cherry in Memory of Vavilov shows average winter hardiness. At the same time, the wood of this culture and the buds of its flowers are the most resistant to the cold of the middle zone.

In terms of the consumption of fruit products, the Pamyati Vavilov cherry variety occupies universal position. In other words, its fruits are equally well consumed in food both fresh and technologically processed.

However, fresh cherries, like compote, jam, jam or liqueur, are attractive not only for their taste. They also contain a large amount of various macro- and microelements, pectin substances, vitamins - everything that is so necessary to strengthen human health.

Winter-hardy cherry varieties also include Tsarevna, Ashinskaya, Uralskaya Rubinovaya and Feya.

Common cherry varieties

This species has been known since antiquity. To date, it does not grow wild.

Dessert Morozova

The variety was named after the breeder who bred it. Suitable for growing in temperate climates. The plant is of medium height.

The collection of branches forms a rounded shape. The flowers are large, white. Large-fruited - 4.7 - 5 g. The color of ripe cherries is red.

They are juicy inside. The seed is easily separated from the pulp. Can be transported over long distances. The taste is sweet, slightly sour. Productivity - up to 35 kg.

Early ripe. The first crop is harvested in June. Fruiting occurs at 3-4 years of plant life. Without a neighboring pollinator tree, it forms only 1/5 of the fruits.

It is recommended to plant next to it such varieties of cherries as:

Vladimirskaya
Griot Ostheim
Student
Griot Rossoshansky

To obtain consistently high rates of fruiting, trees must be pruned in time.

PROS:

early maturity
high yields
pleasant taste
annual fruiting
frost resistance

MINUSES:

the disadvantages include poor disease resistance.

Lyubskaya

A tree up to 2.5 m high. The collection of branches forms a spherical shape. The flowers are white.

The first harvest can be obtained several years after planting. Thereafter, annually. Able to bear fruit without the participation of other plants.

Late ripening. Fruiting begins in July - August. Ripe cherries are dark red, juicy. Weight - 4 - 5 g.

The seed is easily separated from the pulp. It tastes sour. Not prone to shedding. They are mainly used for processing. Can be stored and transported.

In a temperate climate, the yield is 25 kg per tree. In the south of Russia, these figures can reach up to 35 kg.

It is not suitable for planting in regions of the country with harsh climatic conditions. Susceptible to fungal diseases. It grows depending on climatic conditions for 15 - 25 years.

To grow it, you need to choose a site:

with enough sunshine
without strong drafts
underground waters - no higher than three meters
exalted

Zhukovskaya

Mid-season. Trees 1.5 - 3 m high. The crown is round. The flowers are white, large.

The crop is harvested in July. Trees begin to bear fruit in the 4th year of planting. Grow up to 20 years. Ripe fruits are juicy, dark red.

Mass - 4 - 7 g. It tastes like cherry - sweet, with a slight sourness. The pulp leaves the seed well. Suitable for fresh use and for workpieces.

The yield depends on age - 12 - 30 kg.

Not able to pollinate on its own. It is recommended to plant the following varieties of cherries next to it:

Lyubskaya
Apukhtinskaya
Vladimirskaya
Consumer goods black
Youth

PROS:

high resistance to some diseases;
pleasant fruit taste

MINUSES:

big bone
instability to extreme cold

Zhukovskaya cherry must be covered for winter. To do this, the roots are covered with a layer of mulch, and the trunk is wrapped in burlap.

Turgenevka

This plant is of short stature - up to 3 m. The crown is pyramidal. Life expectancy is up to 25 years.

Trees begin to bear fruit 4 years after planting, and then annually. Productivity depends on age - 10 - 25 kg. Blooms in May.

The flowers are white. Harvested in early July. Ruby-colored fruits. Weight up to 5 g. Sweet, slightly sour. Simply separate the bone from the pulp.

Growing recommendations

It is allowed to grow this culture in elevated areas, which are well illuminated by the sun's rays. This condition not only protects the plant from root rot, but also ensures uniform and rapid ripening of the fruit. Planting is best done near hedges and buildings that will protect the bushes from windy weather. The distance between the bush and the building should be at least 5 m in order to protect the trunk from an excess of snow cover.

At the end of October, a site is prepared for planting. It is dug up and all weeds, glass and stones are removed. After that, a hole is dug with dimensions of 60 × 90 cm. Drainage is laid in it using crushed stone or wood. Soil is poured on top of a height of 10 cm. Leave so until spring.

For planting, you should choose annual seedlings.

Landing

Autumn is considered a favorable time for planting crops for the southern part of the country, and for the middle lane they plant crops in spring. The purchased seedlings are treated before planting with a weak solution of potassium permanganate so that there is no infection on the roots and shoots. The place under the tree is chosen in light partial shade or in a sunny area, away from other crops.

Attention! Cherries are not planted next to an apple tree. They get along badly and interfere with each other.

The cherry tree prefers a loamy nutrient soil with a neutral pH. Before planting, the soil is generously fertilized with humus and ash. Nutritional supplements are applied 2-3 weeks before planting the seedling. In most cases, the roots are immersed in a special nutrient mixture - a mash. You do not need to take out a seedling from it, they plant it right with it. Since the cherry "In Memory of Vavilov" is a tall variety, the planting hole should be at least 80 centimeters deep. Immediately after planting, a wooden peg about 1.5 meters high is driven in next to the seedling. The peg serves as a support for the tree, it will protect it from the wind at first.

Cultural care activities

This culture needs high-quality watering. It should be frequent, but not plentiful, otherwise the roots are affected by root rot, fraught with the death of the entire bush. The optimal watering interval in the southern part of the country is 7-10 days. In northern conditions, watering is carried out at intervals of 20 days. Each time, 20 liters of warm water is poured under the bush. After a few days, the top layer of the earth is weeded to a depth of 8 cm and all weeds are removed.

Top dressing is carried out several times using complex fertilizers. In the spring, the plant needs potassium nitrate, so each bush should have 20 liters of this solution (40 g per 5 liters of water).

In summer, to improve yields, 20 liters of ammonium nitrate solution (40 g per 10 liters of water) are poured under each tree. In the fall, to prepare the tree for winter, fertilize with humus and mulch the root part with straw and manure.Pruning is only needed if dry or diseased branches appear on the tree. After trimming them, the open wound is treated with garden varnish.

Potassium nitrate is applied under the cherry in the spring

Further care

The tree is unpretentious to care, but it should not be neglected. Initially, after planting, the seedling is pruned. It is enough to leave 5-7 of the most beautiful shoots on the tree, and remove the rest. Young and inexperienced gardeners, especially those who have never pruned a fruit crop, are afraid to do this. Fears are in vain, on the contrary, if the seedling and tree are not cut off in time, then fruiting decreases significantly, it becomes more difficult for the tree to maintain such a number of branches, so it starts to hurt. Pruning is carried out annually, mainly at the end of March. At this time, the buds are still sleeping, and the juice inside the shoots circulates slowly.

Watering must be handled very carefully. Cherry does not tolerate waterlogged soil, if the tree is flooded with water, leave it for a couple of weeks without watering. Watering is necessary no more than 1 time in 10-14 days. They always check how dry the earth is. Before watering, the top layer of the earth must be dry at least 5 centimeters deep. The water is used outside the temperature, not cold. Water the tree along the perimeter of its near-stem circle, not at the root. The crown casts its shadow on the ground, a groove is made along the diameter of the shadow, into which water is then poured. After watering, a layer of mulch in the form of straw and mullein is laid on the ground so that the moisture in the soil lingers longer.

Fertilizers are used no earlier than 2-3 years after planting. When grown in fertile lands, cherries do well without top dressing. Also refrain from fertilizers if fruiting occurs regularly and with abundance. A sure sign of a lack of nutrients can be poor fruiting, small fruits of a weak pink or red color. The foliage begins to turn yellow ahead of time. Nitrogen is responsible for the color of the leaves, the development of the crown, and the formation of shoots. Cherries are fed with nitrogen supplements in spring, in the first and second half of April. Then, when flowering and fruiting occurs, nitrogen fertilizing is replaced by potassium nitrate. Fruits need potassium for growth and taste improvement.

Important! All dressings are bred according to the instructions. Supplements are used no more than 1 time in 10-14 days.

Care features

It depends on compliance with the rules of agricultural technology whether the seedling will root successfully. Timely watering and feeding, as well as disease prevention are the key to abundant fruiting.

Watering and feeding schedule

No fertilization is required for 2 years after transplanting the seedling. The fertilizing schemes are different: in the spring, before the flowers bloom, watering is carried out with carbide. To do this, dissolve 30 g of the substance in 1 bucket of water. In autumn, rotted manure should be added to the tree trunk circle at the rate of 3 kg per m2.

During the flowering period, for the formation of a larger number of ovaries, the crown should be treated with boric acid, diluting 10 g of the drug in 10 liters of water

Young seedlings are demanding for watering: the soil should be moistened every 14 days, and during periods of drought, twice a week.

One cherry tree of the Bystrinka variety requires 10 to 20 liters of water. If the air temperature drops or rains become more frequent, then there is no need to moisten the earth.

Important! If the period of fruit ripening coincided with a drought, then the tree must be watered weekly.

Pruning

Cherry Bystrinka is a low-growing variety, so it needs regular pruning. The procedure is carried out after the snow melts, before bud break.

Formation should be carried out in the first year after planting in open ground. Annual seedlings must be shortened to the point where branching is expected. The cut should be straight, 5 cm above the kidney.

For two-year-old cherry seedlings of the Bystrinka variety, up to 8 skeletal branches should be left during pruning, then shortened by 1/3 so that there is no extra growth. In subsequent years, it is necessary to remove weak or damaged branches.

It is recommended to remove the shoots on the trunk in the spring or summer months.

At the end of the procedure, all sections should be treated with garden varnish, otherwise the tree's immunity will weaken.

Preparing for winter

A young tree should be prepared for the upcoming frost: whitewash the trunk, collect and burn all fallen leaves, fill the trunk circle with mulch. If the growth of the cherry allows, then it can be completely wrapped in a covering material.

It is enough to whitewash mature trees or cover their trunks with improvised means from rodents, the Bystrinka cherry variety is not afraid of frost

Plum features

Plum is one of the most common types of fruit trees, it can be found in southern gardens, as well as in the Urals and Siberia. The ancestor of modern plums were plants growing in the Asian region, where they began to be cultivated and spread throughout different countries. This was due to the high degree of adaptability to different conditions and unpretentiousness. As a result, today there are a huge number of its varieties intended for cultivation in different natural zones.

Photo of a plum (variety Candy)

Plum belongs to the almond family, it is a tree, the height of which can reach 5 meters. The leaves of the plant are simple, shiny, with small denticles. The flowers are small or white or with a pink tinge, regular shape, have 5 petals. The fruit is a drupe surrounded by a layer of pulp.

Plum, varieties of which differ in variety, can be with yellow, red, blue fruits.

All types of plums can be divided into several groups, differing in ripening time. The earliest ripen already in the middle of summer and can be grown in regions with a short growing season. Early plum varieties ripen a little later - in early August. They are followed by medium-sized ones - their fruits ripen until August 25. The latter group includes late varieties of plums - they become ripe in early September. There are also very late varieties - their fruits ripen only closer to mid-September and can only grow in places with a long growing season.

Breeding history and breeding region

This cherry was obtained as a result of breeding research by scientists. All-Russian Research Institute of Genetics and Breeding (formerly the Central Genetic Laboratory) named after V.I. I.V. Michurin (Michurinsk, Tambov region).
Cherry variety in Memory of Vavilov was dedicated to an outstanding Russian and Soviet scientist - genetics and breeder, creator of the world's largest collection of seed material of cultivated plants, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences and VASKhNIL Nikolai Ivanovich Vavilov (1887-1943).

The author's tandem, who worked on the development of a new variety (E.N. Kharitonova, S.V. Zhukov), chose seedlings obtained as a result of free pollination of cherries of an unknown variety as the basis for the "memorial" cherry.

After a series of control tests, the novelty was officially recognized and included in the state register of fruit varieties. in the Lower Volga and Central Black Earth agricultural regions. It happened in 1985

After the official approval of the new variety, not only gardeners-practitioners working in the farms of central Russia, but also specialists from other republics of the former Soviet Union became interested in the new variety.

In particular, breeders were actively involved in their independent tests on the adaptation of Pamyat Vavilov cherries to local climatic and agrotechnical conditions. Ukraine and Belarus. As a result, the cherry variety Pamyat Vavilov was approved for zoning in Kharkov, Gomel and Grodno regions, then a description of the external characteristics of the variety.

Morozovka, Pamyati Yenikeev, Zhivitsa, Turgenevka are also suitable for growing in these regions.

Description of very early varieties of plum

The earliest plum varieties belong to the Golden Shar, July, Nadezhda. The first is characterized by a yellow fruit and a high yield from one bush. It grows rapidly and begins to bear fruit amicably within 3 years after transplanting the seedling. Fruits are spherical, weigh about 40 g, taste sweet with a slight sour tinge.

In the photo, a plum variety Golden ball

July plum: description of the variety. Its fruits are already larger - the weight can reach 50 grams, are red in color with a darker bloom, spherical. Inside, the plums are yellow, without bitterness and acid, sweet.

Photo of a plum variety July

Nadezhda is distinguished by blue fruits, smaller than those of the previous varieties, a little elongated. The bush is small, neat.

Planting a seedling

Seedlings of fruit trees are planted in autumn and spring. The Bystrinka varieties planted in spring take root better and grow faster, and this also saves the seedling from freezing. Having decided to plant Bystrinka on your site, you need to find a suitable place for it and carefully choose a seedling - this will become the basis for a high yield in the future.

Seat selection

For growing Bystrinka cherries, light loamy or sandy loamy, drained, moderately fertile soils with a neutral or alkaline acid reaction are suitable. Cherry grows poorly on acidic soils, often dying. If the soil pH in the garden is below 6.5 and horsetail, wild sorrel, violet grow, then they need to be neutralized. This can be done using lime, introducing it into the soil at the rate of 600 g per 1 sq. m.

A place protected from drafts, well-lit, located on the south or southeast side, is suitable. If there are raised areas in the garden, they are also suitable for growing cherries. It is imperative to take into account the depth of the groundwater. It should be below 2–2.5 m.

Sapling selection

When choosing a seedling, you need to pay attention to its general condition and the following characteristics:

The condition and development of the root system - the roots must be clean, without rot and traces of fungal diseases.
No damage and cracks on the trunk and branches - the bark should be smooth, uniform in color, without peeling and growths.
Development and arrangement of branches - a one-year-old seedling has only a central trunk, which should be even and at least 1.5 cm in diameter, with well-developed growth points, and a 2-year-old with 5-6 skeletal branches evenly spaced on the trunk at an angle 35–34 °.

Landing technology

The seedling is soaked for 2–4 hours in water with a growth stimulator (Kornevin, Epin, Gaupsin), and a planting pit is prepared. For cherries, it should be 60 cm deep and 50–70 cm wide. If several Bystrinka trees are planted, then the distance between them should be 2.5 m.

Proper landing rules

In the center of the planting pit, a wooden stake 1.3–2 m high is driven in, it will become a support for fixing the trunk. A nutrient mixture with fertilizers is placed on the bottom in a slide. For her you will need:

1 liter of wood ash;
30 g superphosphate;
5 kg of compost;
soil from the pit.

After that, you need to place the seedling in the hole, make sure that the roots lie evenly, and the root collar is 3-4 cm above the surface level. Cover with soil, compact the earth around the tree, water (1-2 buckets of water) and mulch with dry peat or sawdust, without covering the root collar.

Early varieties of plum

Early plum is Sharovaya, Skoroplodnaya, Alyonushka. The ball is distinguished by good winter hardiness and large fruits that have a dark lilac hue. The yield is quite high.

The early-growing plum also has a high degree of resistance to frost, quickly begins to bear fruit after planting. Plum of the described variety is distinguished by sweet, large fruits.

In the photo, the plum variety is Fast-fruited

Alyonushka has large red fruits with excellent taste, the tree is not afraid of frost and can be grown in regions with a more severe climate.

Photo of the fruits of the early variety Alyonushka plum

Reproduction

For grafting, cut a shoot from a tree (red at the base, and hardened), put in water. To accelerate the process of root growth, you can add growth regulators to the water. This should also be done with caution: the twig is placed in the solution for only 18 hours, and no more than one and a half centimeter of the plant should be in the water.

Prepare the soil the day before. A peat-sand mixture should be placed in the beds, then coarse sand. Smooth the soil with a rake, sprinkle with water, fertilize with superphosphate. Place the stalk vertically into the soil by 3 centimeters, cover with foil. As it grows, make sure the plant is watered and not damaged by the sun.

Varieties with an average ripening period

The souvenir of the East is used only in warm climates, the variety gives large yields of large, up to 60 g of dark red plum fruits with excellent taste without the slightest acid.

In the photo Souvenir of the East - a variety of sweet plum

The Pamyat Vavilovu variety, on the contrary, is distinguished by a high degree of resistance to frost. Its fruits are among the largest and reach a weight of 90 grams.

Lovers of unusual plants will like the Romain variety, which has burgundy, rather than usual green leaves. The fruits inside are also not traditionally yellow, but red, small in size.

Diseases and pests

Gardeners cultivating the Pamyat Vavilov variety celebrate good resistance of this species to coccomycosis. However, with respect to the culture shows average resistance to moniliosis, which for cherries means the risk of contracting this fungal disease.

As a result of exposure to the causative agent of moniliosis - the fungus-ascomycete Monilia, the branches of the tree begin to dry out quickly. This leads to the weakening of the plant and its death.

The problem is eliminated by the method of treating wood with fungicides. There are cherry varieties that are especially resistant to fungal diseases, for example, Lyubskaya, Vladimirskaya and Novella.

Processing is carried out in three stages - before, during and after the flowering period. In this case, dry sections of the branches are cut off with the capture of the healthy part of the branch by about 10 cm.

Fulfillment of all the rules for growing the Pamyati Vavilov variety increases the chances of getting a lot of healthy and beautiful dessert fruits.

Late plum varieties

Svetlana. Fruiting is produced by yellow rounded fruits weighing up to 40 grams. The plant has great resistance to frost and is capable of producing a good harvest.

Photo plum variety Svetlana

Renclaude Altana gives drupes weighing about 50 grams, rich burgundy shade with a lighter bloom and good taste.

Photo plum variety Renclode Altana

It is also worth noting a variety of late plums called "Zhiguli". It has medium-sized fruits up to 45 grams of red-burgundy color with good taste.

The Krasnomyasaya plum also belongs to the late varieties. It is the predecessor of the Romain variety, with the same red leaves and fruits, only the weight of the fruits is slightly higher.

In the photo, the variety of plum Krasnomyasaya