Varieties of roses. Differences between plants in color and shape of buds and the number of petals. The main varietal groups of rose bushes

The splendor of roses inspires you to grow some varieties on your own in your own garden. Here, a variety of varieties are used for cultivation, of which there are several hundred. Despite the abundance of varieties and species, planting and caring for roses is not difficult.

The main thing is to study all the features of planting and caring for the variety used for planting. You should also adhere to the rule of choosing seedlings according to the available climate. All questions will be discussed in more detail in the article.

There is a similar article on this topic - Chinese rose (hibiscus): home care.

Park types of roses with photos and descriptions

When talking about park roses, they usually mean antique roses and decorative rose hips. Park roses can often be seen on city streets, squares, parks. They look great both singly and in groups. The bush of park roses is tall and powerful, it can grow up to two meters in height, their leaves are leathery and large.

These flowers are very unpretentious, they tolerate frost well, do not freeze, very rarely get sick, and are easy to care for. Gardeners fell in love with this type of roses precisely for their undemanding care. Park roses bloom early, they bloom in late spring or early summer, which is much earlier than the flowering of other roses. They have a fairly abundant flowering, which ends quickly. It happens once a year. Flowers are ten centimeters in diameter, they emit an indescribable smell. Their color is very diverse, you can find white, yellow, purple, scarlet roses.

Spring pruning for beginners

An important aspect in self-cultivation of the presented flowers is the timely pruning of shoots. The absence of this process provokes the formation of a smaller number of buds and their significant decrease in diameter.

Caring for roses in the spring in the country begins with pruning. The beginner's guide looks simple: all shoots that grow inward are removed from the bushes.

Such prevention of the removal of shoots and faded buds allows you to save the strength and energy of the bush for flowering, which in good weather can be repeated, even if this is not due to the peculiarities of the variety.

Hybrid tea types of roses: description

Hybrid tea roses come from tea roses. These beautiful flowers were obtained by crossing tea roses with remontant roses. These roses are superior in quality to many well-known varieties. Hybrid tea roses bloom in the second half of June and continue until autumn, until frost sets in. The flowers of hybrid tea roses are large, double, located singly or in small inflorescences. Hybrid tea roses have a rich color palette. The height of the bush is from 0.6 to 1.5 m. Hybrid tea roses are extremely capricious, they love warmth, are selective to the place of planting, often get sick and are attacked by pests, so they need proper care. If you do not neglect it, roses will delight you with their beautiful, fragrant flowers for a long time.

Park

This is a large group of unpretentious plants used for landscaping gardens and city parks.The bush lends itself well to shaping, thanks to which it can be given almost any shape. The average plant height is 1.5 m, but dwarf varieties are also known. Early flowering and very abundant.

The color of the petals is represented by a wide variety of shades. Park roses have high frost resistance and are suitable for growing in the north. Several hundred varieties are known, which are usually divided into two large groups - English and Canadian.

English roses

Bred around the end of the 20th century. In Europe, they are often called Ostinki after their creator. According to the classification of roses, they are classified as a standard type, since the plant combines the features of a shrub and a traditional flower. The plant reaches a medium height, flowers are usually double. The main disadvantage of English roses is increased sensitivity to moisture, poor resistance to disease. Famous varieties of English roses:

Abraham Derby... The variety is represented by a flower of a classic bud shape. The color of the petals ranges from dark yellow to pale apricot. Can be grown as a climbing plant. The plant has a high vigor of growth, but the shoots can lodge according to the weight of the buds;
Benjamin Britten... The bush is capable of reaching a height of up to 1 meter. In young plants, the bud is presented in a cup-shaped form, then it can become rosette. The petals are colored red-orange. The variety is highly resistant to powdery mildew;
William Shakespeare 200... A hybrid variety represented by an upright bush. The flowers are dark red in color, have a cup-shaped bud. As they grow, their color may turn purple. The variety has a very long flowering period;
Charlotte... A shrub variety of the English rose, it reaches heights of up to 50 cm. The flowers are double-textured, the petals are painted in a pale yellow shade. Rose has high winter hardiness;
William Morris... A variety of climbing varieties of park roses. The flowers are formed in the form of rosettes, painted in a delicate pink-peach color. Unlike other varieties, it tolerates high humidity.

Almost all varieties of English park roses are combined in the shape of the buds, their color and leaf blades. This allows you to grow several varieties in the same area.

Canadian roses

This large group of varietal roses is characterized by increased winter hardiness. Plants are not afraid of temperature extremes, and leaves easily recover after frost. The shrubs are quite large, during flowering they are completely covered with buds of various colors, depending on the species. The most interesting varieties:

Morden sunrise... Developed in 1999, it is considered the first yellow Canadian rose. The shrub grows up to 70 cm wide, the buds are large, reaching an average diameter. When growing, no shelter is required for the winter;
Morden blush... A profusely blooming variety of the Canadian rose. An upright bush grows up to 75 cm. Externally, the plant is very similar to a hybrid tea rose. Terry petals are pink and white. Has a low resistance to black spot;
Cuthbert grant... One of the few scrub varieties of Canadian roses. The bush will grow up to 1.2 m in height. The leaves are colored deep green, very decorative. Flowers of a red hue. Gardeners note the very high resistance of the variety to diseases and pests;
Champlain... The rose of this variety is represented by a bush of medium vigor. Flowering is observed almost all summer until the first snow. Small double flowers abundantly cover the plant, they are painted in a red tint. Has a weak resistance to powdery mildew.

Canadian roses are considered the most suitable type of shrub group for growing in Russia. They are highly resistant to frost and rarely become infected. Ways to get along in almost any environment.

Repair roses

Remontant roses have a feature that distinguishes them from other species - they bloom again. They bloom first in the second half of June, re-flowering occurs in late July or early August. The second bloom is not as exuberant as the first. These roses were bred in the 19th century in France. Their creator is the breeder Laffay. The flowers of remontant roses are large, up to 8-16 cm in diameter, can have different colors, but the most common are pink, scarlet, yellow, snow-white roses. Varieties with dark red flowers are prone to sun fading. The smell depends on the variety, it can be strong and rich, but it can also be mild. The bush grows up to 2 m in height.

Repaired roses are considered winter-hardy, but they still need to be covered for the winter. A huge disadvantage of remontant roses is their poor health. They are prone to fungal diseases, very often they are affected by powdery mildew.

Shrubs

This species was bred relatively recently. This group includes many varieties of garden roses that do not fit the description of other species.

The characteristic features of the species include:

The specific shape of the flowers cannot be named. They can be terry, ordinary, nostalgic and antique. The color of flowers also has a great variety.
Shrabs bloom for a long time, from June to late autumn. Most varieties have a pleasant, fragrant aroma.
Most varieties are tall, and can reach up to 2 meters in height, some require support. They are distinguished by very rapid and rapid growth of shoots.
They have high disease resistance, unpretentious. In winter, they do not require dense shelters.

Attention! Such flowers are great even for northern regions. For example, Canadian roses tolerate frost above 35 ° C.

Floribunda roses

The name floribunda is translated from Latin as "profusely flowering rose". Floribunda roses are also a hybrid. They managed to get them by crossing hybrid tea roses with polyanthus. The breeder Svend Poulsen presented these wonderful flowers to the world. Floribunda roses have taken the very best from their "parents". They got a variety of shades from hybrid tea roses, and excellent immunity from polyanthus roses.

This species is distinguished by incredibly abundant and long flowering. Any variety of floribunda roses can strike with flowers that simply cover the bush. They begin to bloom in July and continue to bloom until late autumn, delighting the eye with their incredibly beautiful inflorescences. To replace the faded buds, new ones immediately begin to bloom, and flowering continues. Many have noticed the similarity between the flowering of floribunda and hybrid tea roses. Of course there are some similarities, but there is a significant difference between them. Hybrid tea roses bloom in waves, and floribunda roses bloom without stopping.

Floribunda rose flowers are quite large, they can be collected either double or ordinary. These roses look very sophisticated and impressive. Their bush cannot boast of large size, it grows up to 0.3-1 m high. Floribunda roses tolerate winter perfectly and rarely get sick.

Features of planting and crop care

Cordless garden shears

If you carry out the preparatory measures for planting a garden rose correctly, it will delight household members with abundant flowering. If the seedlings need to cut off the stems and the root system, they are first dipped in a container of water for 2-3 hours.

Planting roses

Step-by-step diagram of correct landing:

the diameter of the hole should be no more than 50 cm, and the depth should be slightly more than the volume of the root system of the cutting along with a lump of earth;
be sure to prepare a soil mixture by mixing compost and dug soil (in a ratio of 1: 3), you can also take and add wood ash here;
at least 1 bucket of water must be poured into the well, having previously dissolved a heteroauxin tablet (organic growth stimulator) in it;
rose cuttings should be planted and rooted in the planting holes, after which, gently holding them by the stems, cover with prepared soil;
the planted seedlings must be spilled to a height of at least 20 cm, and a circular ditch will also need to be formed around it, which will prevent water leakage.

During the first year after planting in open ground, it is necessary to start forming bushes. This will require paying due attention to key factors, pinching the ends of the shoots in a timely manner in order to stimulate tillering. So that young plants do not weaken, with the onset of summer, you need to start removing buds that have begun to form.

For active development and abundant flowering, a garden rose needs to be fed with various mineral and organic fertilizers. Top dressing must be applied as soon as the growing season begins and in the process of bud formation. At the end of the flowering of the rose and before the processes become lignified, the plant must also be fed with ammonium nitrate or ammonium sulfate.

Polyanthus types of roses with a photo

Polyanthus roses have low bushes with many branches, on which a huge number of flowers bloom. They are collected in inflorescences, the diameter of each flower can be up to 6 cm. One inflorescence can contain up to 60 buds. Each branch, each shoot ends in a bud. Their flowers are double and ordinary. Polyanthus roses are usually orange, red, white. They are more often planted in groups than individually. The bushes of polyanthus roses are low from 0.4 to 0.7 m, but at present the breeders have managed to bring out taller specimens. Due to their small size, polyanthus roses are often confused with miniature roses, but these are two completely different species that differ in the structure of the bushes and buds. A distinctive feature of polyanthus roses is the absence of thorns. For the winter, polyanthus roses need to be covered.

Miniature roses

Miniature roses grow to a height of only about 0.4 m. They have small, compact bushes with dense foliage and small double flowers, which can be very different, ranging from the usual scarlet or white to an unusual slightly greenish color. There are even varieties in which the bud, from the moment of flowering and before wilting, has time to change color.

Very often, miniature roses are grown at home as indoor plants, then they continuously delight with their magnificent flowering. On the street, their flowering continues until late autumn. Many take pots and containers with miniature roses outside for the summer, and bring them back into the house in the fall.

Do not confuse miniature roses with groundcover. Their height may be the same, but miniature roses, in contrast to ground cover ones, have short, erect stems, which are not at all peculiar to lean towards the ground itself or spread over it.

These flowers look great on the alpine slides, there is nothing better to find them for decorating and landscaping balconies. Often they are used to make wedding boutonnieres and decorate their hairstyles.

Brief cultural background

The described two-color plant belongs to the genus Rosehips and the Pink family, as well as the monophonic one. However, the roses of two colors were bred by artificial selection.

The concept of "two-color roses" is traditionally understood as hybrid varieties that simultaneously possess several characteristics of different independent varieties. In this regard, their color is not monochromatic, but consists of two colors, contrasting or similar shades.

For reference: as a rule, one color is the leading color, and the other is distributed over the surface as small blotches.

They are grown for decorative purposes.Flowers of hybrid two-color varieties are often used in landscape design and in professional floristry (creating festive bouquets and flower arrangements). Decorative species are of great importance in the improvement of gardens, parks, squares. The petals contain a high concentration of bioflavonoids and natural antioxidants, therefore they are used in the cosmetic industry for the manufacture of anti-aging products. In Bulgaria, the petals of the culture are often used to make homemade jams.

In Russia, these unusual varieties began to appear quite recently, at the end of the 20th century, and came from Western Europe. But in recent years, domestic specialists have also begun to engage in breeding. Many European varieties have been zoned for Russian climatic conditions.

Bicolor roses

In professional floristry, the following varieties of spotted and striped roses are most often used:

two-tone yellow-red roses;
black and red roses;
black and blue roses;
pink-green roses (green is closer to light green);
yellow-green roses (pale greenish);
orange-red roses (orange is the main color);
rose yellow with red edges (or crimson);
white and green roses;
white and blue roses with wavy border.

The Ecuador variety is also very popular. When creating bouquets, they are often combined with monochromatic varieties. They are also actively used in the creation of custom wedding bouquets.

Used for custom wedding bouquets

The following types are most often used in landscape design:

green yellow rose (among Western growers, such hybrids are called yellow-green);
reddish-white roses, with a cream or pinkish tint (red and white);
variegated (the so-called variegated);
a snow-white rose with a delicate pink edge;
a yellow rose with a pink edge (with delicate color transitions, reminiscent of a watercolor drawing on paper);
yellow roses with a red border;
rose obrigado;
pink-lilac rose (striped).

In combination with phlox and peonies, white-lilac varieties look good.

For your reference, they are distinguished by intense flowering and are in good harmony with other crops, as well as unpretentious in care. Also unpretentious is a two-color rose of the Abracadabra variety.

Climbing types of roses with a photo

Climbing roses are most often used for vertical gardening, they are planted near gazebos, arches, pergolas. These beautiful plants can decorate any structure and structure. They have long, creeping stems that need support and small flowers, only 2-5 cm in diameter, collected in inflorescences.

Climbing roses are divided into two groups by flower growers: small-flowered and large-flowered. Small-flowered roses, in accordance with their name, have smaller flowers. They have a very long, creeping stem that can grow up to five meters in length. Inflorescences are located from the base to the very ends of the stems. Small-flowered climbing roses have small green leathery leaves. They bloom once a year, the flowers are odorless. Large-flowered roses have larger flowers that resemble in their shape those of hybrid tea roses. They can bloom again during the summer.

Roses in the garden: care and cultivation

Rose care is not difficult. Here you should water the bushes once a week, and in hot weather - twice.

Water is poured under the root so as not to get on the foliage, otherwise they may get sunburn. It is important to ensure thorough watering so that moisture penetrates the soil to a depth of 30 cm.

Otherwise, the bush may have surface roots that are easily damaged.

Watering is the most important condition in considering how to care for roses, because if the flowers need moisture, the buds themselves will grow small, and their number may be significantly reduced.

Top dressing

For the best growth of flowers, one must not forget about feeding. The best and most versatile fertilizer is used here - manure.

For the plants presented, it is better to take horse manure, which has been deformed within six months. Fresh manure is not laid out - it blocks nitrogen and negatively affects plant growth.

During the growth of the bush, the roses are watered with mineral fertilizers. During the formation of rose buds, you can feed with a solution of calcium nitrate. For 10 liters of water, take only 1 tablespoon of the solution.

You should also resort to ways to protect the bushes from stress. Stresses for roses are heavy rains or hot sun, frosts. To make the plant easier to endure this period, the bushes are sprayed with zircon or sodium humate.

Rose care, video:

Ground cover roses

Groundcover roses are creeping shrubs that have long, slender shoots that are close to the ground. The flowers of ground cover roses can be of different shapes and colors. The flowering of these plants is very long. They require some special care. Groundcover is known for its resistance to fungal diseases. They are often planted to decorate the slopes.

general characteristics

All shrub roses were bred from rose hips by selection with other cultivars. Thanks to this, it was possible to achieve a large assortment of colors and plant shapes. Depending on the species, spray roses form a bush with a height of 25 cm to 2 m. All shades and colors of petals, except blue, have been removed. A huge variety of shapes and structures of buds are presented. Shrub roses are widespread due to the following characteristics:

a wide range of colors and petal shapes;
long flowering;
unpretentiousness to the climate;
pleasant aroma during flowering;
variability of use in landscape design.

Shrub roses can be grown from cuttings, by dividing the bush and by seed, so there is no problem in forming a large planting or even a hedge. Roses for growing in the garden began to be actively cultivated during the London Victorian era, but the development of species and varieties took place in other countries as well.