Lovely forest violet: flower photo and tips for growing

Fragrant violet is located in fields and meadows. Gardeners have learned to grow it at home, in gardens, front gardens and vegetable gardens. Fragrant violet flowers show inflorescences earlier than other crops.

Therefore, designers include it in the list of garden decorations. The flowers have a bluish tint. The plant looks good alone and in a group. If you take care of the crop, then it will delight with aroma and flowering for half the summer.

General description of the variety

Forest violet is a perennial herb of the violet family. The flower has creeping shoots that lie on the ground, and a creeping branched rhizome.

Every year, the roots of the flower give new buds, due to this, rosettes of young leaves on the petioles of about 10-14 centimeters are formed. Corolla colored, consisting of five petals. They come in many interesting shapes.

Forest violet is common in the Northern Hemisphere and in subtropical regions... Violet grows on mountain slopes, in forests, ravines. It grows very densely, in whole flower beds. The flower has a pleasant sweet smell. Violet is an excellent honey plant.

The plant is two-leaved

Two-leaved Lyubka is a plant that is also known as the forest nocturnal violet, which is a forest orchid. It is distinguished by exquisite beauty. The plant blooms with white inflorescences, collected in a long ear. The crowning stem, on which the flowers are located, can reach sixty centimeters. The period when two-leaved Lyubka pleases those around with its delicate flowers, the beginning of June-July. The plant is loved by many connoisseurs of nature due to its pleasant aroma, which intensifies in cloudy times and in the evening hours.

When and how did it appear?

East Africa is considered the birthplace of the flower. Baron Adalbert Saint-Paul in 1892, while walking, saw a flower among the stones in Tanzania.
The plant grew in a crevice. His attention was attracted by buds of a delicate blue color with a yellow speck.

His father possessed a collection of the rarest plants. Adalbert decided to send a new flower to his father. And already in 1893, the violet was first shown to people at an exhibition.

Since then, breeders have begun to breed more and more varieties of violets, which differed in size and shade.

How to buy annual and biennial violet garden flowers

It is currently not difficult to buy seeds or planting material of such species as the Vittrock violet or the horned violet. In any garden center, shop or tent, you will be offered a whole set of seeds or already flowering plants of these species with all kinds of flower colors. What to choose?

First of all, decide what suits you best: purchase seeds and grow seedlings from them yourself or buy ready-made planting material. The first way to buy one-year or two-year-old violets is cheaper and more interesting for many lovers, but rather laborious and requires certain skills and conditions.

When buying seeds of cultivated plants of violets, be sure to pay attention not only to the picture and the catchy advertising inscription on the bag, but also to the characteristics of this variety.

Seed packages must contain: name of the culture (in Russian and Latin), varieties (if it is a specific variety, and not specific plants), shelf life, germination, number of seeds in a package (in pieces or grams).

Read carefully the description of the appearance of the plants: their sizes, color of flowers, since it may not coincide with the color of flowers shown on the package.

When purchasing seeds of garden flowers of violets, also pay attention to whether they are varieties or heterotic hybrids. The name of the latter must contain the symbol "F,". From the seeds of such hybrids, the highest quality, leveled planting material is obtained, however, and the price of hybrid seeds is much higher than that of ordinary varietal ones.

If you do not have the ability or desire to independently grow seedlings of ornamental plants of violets, then you can purchase already flowering, ready-to-plant plants in almost any flower market.

Of course, it is much better to purchase seedlings with a closed root system, grown in pots or cassettes. Such seedlings take root more easily after transplanting into the soil, it is easier to transport it and can be stored for a considerable time before planting in a cool place shaded from direct sunlight.

In addition, when buying already flowering seedlings, you can immediately see its varietal qualities: plant habit, color and size of flowers.

When buying cassettes with viola seedlings, pay attention that the plants are not stretched out. High-quality seedlings should look like a compact bush with one or more flowers, or large buds.

You should not buy plants with long shoots, at the ends of which there are relatively medium-sized flowers (unless, of course, this is a variety of ampelous viols) - you can hardly create a beautiful flower garden from such plants.

When purchasing a cassette with pansies, carefully examine it. All plants in the cassette must be well developed, i.e. be of about the same size, strong, not lethargic, with bright green leaves and buds or flowers and a damp earthy ball.

In addition, they should not show signs of disease (i.e. free from decaying or dry spots, mold, blackened areas on leaves or stems) or pests (aphids or whiteflies can sometimes be seen on pedicels, buds or the underside of leaves , and a whitish or cobweb bloom on the leaves may indicate the defeat of plants by ticks and thrips).

Also check that the plants are in all the slots of the cassette. To do this, carefully move the bushes in the middle of the cassette, and if you find empty cells or very weak, underdeveloped plants (which happens quite often), ask the seller to replace them.

These photos show violet plants in cassettes:

Pansies perfectly tolerate a transplant even in a flowering state.

In some flower markets in the spring, you can still find grandmothers selling viola seedlings with bare roots, tied in bundles of several pieces and wrapped in damp newspaper or film in the old fashioned way.

The cost of such seedlings is usually much lower than what is sold in cassettes, and the flowers look very large and attractive.

If you decide to buy such planting material, then ask to unfold the bag and inspect the plants: the roots should be in a small lump of moist soil, and there should be no noticeable disease or pest damage on the stems and leaves.

Try to plant the plants in the ground as soon as possible, water them well when planting and, in sunny weather, shade them with lutrasil or paper for several days for better survival.

Appearance: leaves, flowers, other

Often forest violet is not as bright as, for example, field... But she is good in her own way. The flowers are blue, purple, blue, lilac with a yellow center.Violets and white are found in the wild. The flowers do not exceed 1.5 centimeters in diameter. By the onset of autumn, the flowers are gradually transformed into seed boxes. They have an oblong shape with a smooth surface.

The petals of the plant are varied in shape. All leaves are basal and have a variety of forms: kidney, cordate, round, ovate, with long petioles. Small notches are observed along their edge.

The leaves are formed tightly to each other and fold into rosettes. Violet greens are smooth and velvety.

Green is not only basal, but also peduncles. The upper row of violets is much smaller in size than the lower one.... The bud has five stamens with short filaments. Single buds, consisting of five petals, lanceolate. The stems of the flower are shortened. The plant reaches a height of 12-15 centimeters.

Indoor violets: growing features

The types of indoor violets bred by breeders differ from natural ones in a much greater color variety.

Having undergone changes and increased the range of colors, senopoly has become a favorite flower for creating a large collection on the windowsill. Due to their unpretentiousness and abundant flowering, which can be stimulated even by artificial lighting, these plants have gained particular popularity among novice florists. Read about which pots are best for violets here.

Violet Forest Nymph

Such an indoor flower as the Forest Nymph violet attracts many collectors with its large delicate bluish greens. They have dark blue veins on their lower petals.

Violet Forest Fairy

The plant violet Forest Fairy has colorful inflorescences in the form of a star. They can be deep pink, which turns into a lighter color. In the center, the inflorescences have a dense light green frill. Flowers of this species can be simple or double. They are quite large and can reach up to 4.5 centimeters. Leaves of the Forest Fairy are ruffled. They are distinguished by a medium green color and a burgundy underside.

Violet Forest Pearl

Collectors value the Forest Pearl for its elegance and special type of semi-double or double flowers that vaguely resemble water lilies.

On the white petals of the inflorescence, there are rare lavender blotches. The plant violet Forest Pearl has an intermittent border around the edges of flowers of a greenish tint.

Violet Forest Pearl

Violet Forest Blackberry

This species is distinguished by huge color stars, which can reach up to seven centimeters. The Forest Blackberry violet plant has fluffy wavy-corrugated inflorescences above the green rosette, which have a rich blackberry-purple hue.

Violet Macuni or Forest Magic

Macuni is the second name given to the Forest Magic violet, characterized by crimson flowers with a light green fringe along the edge of each petal. This type of cenopoly is characterized by a compact rosette and wavy leaves of a dark green hue. Experienced collectors of varieties of this plant will notice that the Forest Magic violet is quite difficult to care for. The formation of the rosette is difficult and slow. When growing Macuni from leafy cuttings, this variety requires more attention. The fastest rooting of cuttings occurs in the greenhouse. Another of the Makuni varieties is the Lesnaya Skazka violet, which has pink double flowers and greenish-white fringed edges of the petals. The compact rosette of this cenopoly variety is characterized by elongated, serrated leaves.

Violet Forest King

A variety of indoor plants - the Forest Tsar violet is characterized by bright purple medium-sized stars. Each flower has white stripes and attracts attention with its bright green border.The plant has a variegated wavy rosette and abundant flowering, which lasts a very long time. The flower is very simple to care for and is suitable for breeding even for novice growers.

Senopoly Forest Lace

A variety such as the Forest Lace violet is distinguished by very elegant simple or semi-double white flowers that have a green or green-golden fringe. Corrugated foliage is colored dark green.

Violet Forest Lace

Photo

Here are photos of a forest violet.

What species are described by this name

There are over 3000 varieties of violets. They are wild and cultivated, hybrid. The name "forest violet" means several species similar to each other:

Purple flowers

• tricolor;
• canine;
• swamp;
• white forest;
• meadow;
• fragrant.

All of these species can be found in their natural environment. Below are more detailed descriptions of each species. The night violet or nocturnal is very popular, its flowering becomes more active in the evening. However, the wild violet attracts most of all, with its naturalness.

Important! Before planting forest violets in your own garden, you need to prepare a suitable place and special soil.

Care features

The main advantage of the forest violet is the absence of painstaking care for it. Most often, this species can be seen in the gardens of flower growers. There, the flower requires almost no attention to itself.

Flowers growing indoors should be taken outside from time to time for ventilation and fresh air. You only need to fertilize the plant once every few weeks. Leaf compost works well as a top dressing, but don't overdo it with fertilizer.

The forest violet is a humble flower and likes to hide in the shade. However, it can also grow in a sunny place with proper moisture. It tolerates winter cold and slight drought well. Just two years will be enough for the plant to grow to an area of ​​one square meter. Although the violet easily tolerates heat, it still needs watering. At the seedling stage, the forest violet requires constant watering..

Garden viola for growing in a summer cottage

Senopoly is an unpretentious guest of the site, even for a novice gardener. These violets can be grown both in sunny meadows and in dark places. With an insufficient amount of light, the plant takes root well, but it does not bloom so abundantly and brightly. Growing senopoly in the shade, gardeners have noticed that the flowers get a faded color, but a much longer flowering period. A light, slightly acidic soil with a moderate amount of moisture is suitable for breeding garden violet species. Despite the fact that the plant is moisture-loving, stagnant water in the area can be detrimental to this flower, so the plant is not planted on uneven surfaces. Many people appreciate the garden viola not only for its ease of care and unpretentiousness, but also for its frost resistance.

Planting and growing

• The seeds are sown freshly harvested. Planting can be carried out at any time of the year, except for winter. The first shoots begin after three weeks.
• The soil for violets requires nutritious, loose, loamy soil. The seeds are spread out over the surface and lightly covered with earth. Direct rays of the sun should not fall on the future flower. Further, everything is covered with a film.
• Watering the seeds is carried out daily.
• Also, do not forget about regular ventilation.
• Although the violet is a persistent flower, in intense heat it requires increased soil moisture.

Also violet reproduces by leaf... To do this, you need one healthy leaf, without any damage:

1. It is taken from the second row from the bottom. It needs to be cut with a sharp blade at a 45 degree angle.
2. The leaf is rooted in boiled water poured into a container.
3. When the roots reach 2 centimeters in length, the leaf is planted in peat to a depth of 1 centimeter.
4. Then watered and covered with foil.
5. After a few months, babies will appear.When 2-3 pairs of leaves grow on them, they are planted.

When choosing leaves for rooting, be sure to pay attention to their condition. They must be healthy and free from damage.

Only a healthy leaf is the key to successful cultivation... If the cultivation will take place with the help of seeds, then they also need to be carefully examined and the best ones selected.

The history of the origin of violets and flower breeding in different countries (with photo)

Violets have been the favorites of many peoples since ancient times, so it is quite natural to assume that in ancient times people not only admired this flower, but also tried to grow it near their homes.

Unfortunately, accurate information about the history of the cultivation of violets has not reached our days, but the legends say that the fashion for violets was so great that they were grown on huge plantations in the vicinity of ancient Athens and Rome.

The number of plantations with violets was so great that even Pliny lamented that it would be better if the Romans were planting olive groves than useless flowers.

Most likely, this is about the origin story fragrant violets (V. odorata), since at that time there were no large multi-colored ones,

Varieties Wittrock

Pansies (F. x wittrockiana)

The main advantage of these plants was considered their marvelous aroma.

From the Romans, the love of violets passed to the Italians. In the Middle Ages, a large-flowered terry variety of fragrant violets was created in Parma - violet parma (V. odorata var. parmensis)which was used mainly as an aromatic plant.

In 1870, on the basis of her flowers in France, the famous perfume "Vera Violetta" was created, which is still produced today.

Other types of violets, apparently, were introduced into the culture much later than the fragrant violet. Thus, the tricolor violet flower is known from the history of the cultivation of garden plants in the first half of the 16th century.

One of the first attempts to make U. tricolor widespread in private gardens was made by the German botanist Joachim Camereri the Younger, as well as Prince Wilhelm of Hesse-Kassel, who lived at the end of the 16th century. The first complete botanical description of this flower dates back to the same time.

In the 17th century, Vandergren, the gardener of the Prince of Orange, began to pay special attention to the tricolor violet. He bred 5 varieties that can rightfully be considered the ancestors of cultural pansies. In 1819 Lady Mary Bennett, daughter of the Earl of Tankerville, took a fancy to the viola.

Her gardener, William Richard, sowed pansies throughout the garden and the entire terrace of Tankerville Castle in Walton, England, and then began to collect seeds from the largest and most beautiful specimens and sow them again.

As a result, wonderful varieties were soon created, which attracted the attention of many flower lovers and made pansies the favorites of flower growers.

However, the main triumph of violet breeding was still ahead. In the 1830s, i.e. 15 years after the experiments of William Richard and Mary Bennett, the tricolor violet was crossed with the European large-flowered violet yellow (V. lutea), horned violet (V. cornuta)known in culture since the end of the 18th century (the first mention of it as a cultivated plant dates back to 1776), and Altai violet (V. altaica)brought to Europe at the beginning of the 19th century.

In this case, many hybrid forms were obtained. An interesting fact: these violets were so different from the original species that they were allocated to a new species - the Wittrock violet. In 1835, Charles Darwin counted more than 400 forms of this species, among which there were specimens with velvety and satin flowers, similar to modern varieties.

These photos show how violet flowers of different types look:

A significant number of violet species were introduced into culture in the 20th century in connection with the emergence of a fashion for rock gardens and alpine plants. In addition, some species are widely used in natural style gardens, especially shady gardens.

In the history of Russian gardening, the first mention of violets dates back to the 17th century. According to the well-known botanist Arnold Regel, at that time the gardens were decorated with the most unpretentious flowers taken from nature, including violets.

In the following centuries, the cultural exchange between Russia and European countries also affected horticulture.

Whole collections of ornamental plants began to arrive in Russia, widely distributed in parks and gardens. At the beginning of the XX century N.F. Zolotnitsky wrote about hundreds of varieties of pansies that adorn our gardens, the most interesting of these violets he called the ‘Emperor Wilhelm’ with variegated flowers and ‘Germany’ with twisting petals.

In Soviet times, Vittrock's violet also occupied the main place in urban and home gardening. The famous scientist-florist G.E. Kiselev in 1954 wrote about a huge number of varieties of this species, belonging to two main groups - large-flowered and gigantic.

Of the other types of violets, he mentions only three: fragrant violet, horned violet and purple violet.

These photos show the results of the selection of violets:

In recent decades, in Russia, as in many other countries of the world, interest in the introduction of new species and the creation of original varieties on their basis has sharply increased. Violets did not bypass this process. Descriptions of new types of violets introduced into the culture began to appear in the literature.

Thus, in the well-known reference book of ornamental garden plants by E.S. and N.A. Aksenovs (2000) describes 8 types of violets used in landscaping, and the 1999 edition of the British Royal Society of Gardeners' Encyclopedia of Garden Trees, Shrubs and Flowers describes 21 types of violas.

Recently, a new hybrid species has appeared in the catalogs - violet Williams (V-. x williamsii), as well as a large number of hybrid varieties of perennial violets, the pedigree of which is extremely difficult to determine.

After reviewing the photo and description of violets, you need to get an idea of ​​how to choose the right plants when buying:

Possible diseases

In the process of growing, growers can face various types of diseases. The most important thing here is to notice the disease in time and take urgent measures.

• Root rot the most dangerous disease for a flower. It often appears at low temperatures and high humidity. The carrier of the disease is pathogenic fungi that can be stored in the ground for a long time. Infection starts from the roots.
• Phytophthora Is another dangerous mushroom. It enters the plant through the pistil or root hairs.
• Plaque of white - witness to downy mildew. A very unpleasant disease that occurs with improper care.
• Decay of leaf stalks Is another rare disease. It appears as a result of contact with moss or in extreme heat.

Often, some diseases appear due to improper care. For example, rot can occur as a result of over-watering, which leads to root rot.

In order to choose a variety of violets suitable for breeding, we recommend that you study the articles about the mysterious "Fairy", graceful "Cherries", lush blooming "Bronze Horseman" and "Isadora", popular "Pansies", reminiscent of lilies of the valley "Greenhouse effect", unusual " Chanson ”, the exquisite“ Blue Fog ”, as well as the beloved varieties of the“ Optimara ”series.

Buying violet flowers: how to choose the right perennial crops

Currently, flower growers are not faced with the problem of buying violet seeds or ready-made planting material (unless, of course, we are talking about rare varieties or species little used in culture).

You just need to figure out which species are suitable for the conditions of your garden and which varieties will be most successfully combined in habit and color with other participants in a particular flower arrangement.

Perennial violet flowers can most often be purchased in stores and garden centers in the form of ready-made planting material: well-developed plants (often flowering) grown in plastic containers or pots.

When buying such plants, pay attention to the label indicating the species and its basic requirements for cultivation conditions. In the absence of such data, contact the sellers for clarifications or look at the catalog of this company or other reference literature.

Before you buy a violet, pay attention that the plants are not withered, yellowed, so that there are no spots and other traces of disease or pests on the leaves.

If, after purchasing plants in containers, you are not able to immediately plant them in a permanent place, then put them in a shaded place and water them moderately until planting.

Some types of perennial violets can be purchased from hobbyists - florists, plant collectors, or botanical gardens. In such cases, as a rule, bushes or delenki (part of a bush) with an open root system are acquired, therefore it is important to take into account the phase of plant development.

For the most part, perennial violets perfectly tolerate the division of bushes and transplanting during the entire growing season, however, the most favorable for transplantation are the period of the beginning of leaf regrowth in spring (mid-April) and the second half of summer, after the end of flowering and seed ripening.

How to choose the right violets?

When purchasing such plants, it is necessary to make sure that the soil in which the dug plants sit is moist, and the leaves are not withered. All shoots should have a well-developed root lobe.

The strips should be immediately wrapped in plastic bags or crates and watered sparingly to prevent the roots from drying out. Such planting material should be planted in the ground as soon as possible.

Some viola species have a long time between sowing seeds and emergence of seedlings, so if you still have not sprouting a month after sowing, do not be discouraged and do not throw the soil out of the seed box, but just be patient.

Sometimes in stores you can buy seeds of some species. If you are already familiar with the description of violet plants, carefully read the recommendations for their cultivation, since the seeds of some species during sowing need to create special conditions: stratification (freezing), scarification (violation of the seed coat), etc.

Often, lovers of herbaceous plants dig up their favorite violets directly from "nature". Many ecologists and botanists strongly advise against doing this, so as not to impoverish wildlife.

If you nevertheless decide to transfer any plant from the forest or meadow to the garden, do it carefully, taking it in places of significant concentration of this species, and in very small quantities, so as not to disrupt the existing ecological system in this place.

Here are some tips for choosing one year old violets.

Rare violet

It is worth noting a rare perennial variety of this plant. This is a white garden violet. In nature, it grows in forest glades, forest edges or in steppe meadows.

This is a beautiful small plant up to 12 cm high, the rosettes of the leaves look like a triangular heart. The flowers have a characteristic fragrant aroma. White violet can reproduce vegetatively or by seeds that are in a capsule, in a hairy ovary.

The violet blooms from March to May, and bears fruit from May to July. Grows in Podillia, Ukraine (in Transcarpathia) and here and there in the Crimea.

The problem with this species is that the white garden violet disappears. This happens because steppe and meadow slopes are plowed up, shrub thickets are being destroyed, and natural conditions are changing. And since the populations of the white violet are mostly isolated, its resettlement to other zones is difficult.

Populations of white violets are restored under special conditions - in botanical gardens - and are under protection.

Cultural forms

The most common and popular varieties:

• Coeur d'Alsace - decorative form with pink inflorescences;
• Bechtles Ideal - violet with large blue flowers;
• Queen Charlotte is a plant (hybrid) with large lilac flowers;
• Foxbrook Cream - violet with white flowers and a yellow core;
• Red Charm is a perennial violet with lilac inflorescences with a burgundy core (suitable for growing at home).

  

One species or a group of different species and varieties?

For several centuries of active cultivation of violets by flower growers of the Old World and Russia It was many new species have been bred of this delicate plant - by the beginning of the 21st century, according to the Royal Horticultural Society (Great Britain), 21 species were used in garden and landscape art.

Based on the basic species, breeders continue to grow magnificent varieties and hybrids of viols, differing:

• Bright colors;
• Persistent scent;
• And large flowers.

Only one species of garden Pansies (Viola Wittrock) counts about 500 deduced forms.

Also, do not forget that a white violet will look very beautiful and delicate in your gardens. The whole variety of violets used to decorate household plots and public parks is accepted call garden violets.

The most beloved and most common among garden violets are hybrid varieties of the Viola Wittrock speciescalled garden pansies by gardeners.

Besides, it is enough popular types:

• F. Graceful;
• F. Hornataya;
• F. Chinese (Manjurian);
• F. Labradorskaya;
• F. Motley and some others.

Annuals

The root system of annual violets is fibrous, that is, there is no main root, but there are a great many small roots. They penetrate the top layer of the soil with a wide network and do not go deep into it. Branched stems, on each branch usually several flowers open. The flowers of the annual are very large, reaching 10 cm. The annual garden violet is a neat decorative shrub up to 20 cm in height.

The most popular are the following types of peers:

1. Chalon Supreme is a series of varieties with ruffled seven-centimeter flowers of extraordinary beauty.
2. Rose Shades is a cultivar with pale pink petals and a purple center spot.
3. Cherry Pie Mix - purple or maroon flowers with a white border.
4. Flame is a variety with fiery red flowers bordered with orange edging.
5. Cats is an interesting series of strains. It differs in that in the center of the flower you can see a pattern similar to a cat's face.
6. Jema is a series specially designed for hot regions.

Mr. Summer resident recommends: the benefits and use of fragrant violets

The healing properties of culture have been described since time immemorial. The ancient Greeks dedicated her to Persephone - the wife of the god of the underworld, Hades. The Romans planted it everywhere, using it not only as a decoration, but also as a medicine. The violet contains saponins, essential oil and bitterness. Due to the presence of saponins, the plant is used in the treatment of diseases of the upper respiratory tract as an expectorant and thinning phlegm, as well as a diuretic, blood-purifying and laxative.

Ancient healers used infusions and oil from flowers as a remedy for migraines, crushed petals were applied to skin rashes. Written sources have survived, which indicate that some diseases could be cured simply by inhaling the scent of violets.

In modern pharmacology, not only flowers are used, but the roots and leaves of the plant. To prepare a healing agent, take 10 g of dried raw materials and pour a glass of boiling water. Take the resulting infusion one tablespoon three to four times a day.

A syrup is prepared from freshly cut flowers, which relieves pulmonary diseases for colds: 200 g of washed sorted petals are placed in a saucepan and poured with two glasses of boiling water, tightly closed with a lid and left to infuse until they cool completely. The resulting infusion is filtered. In a separate bowl, 650 g of sugar is dissolved in two more glasses of hot water and combined with the previously obtained filtered liquid. The finished syrup should be purple in color. It should be taken 1 tablespoon 3 times a day.

Using garden violets in home design

The garden violet, planting and caring for which is not difficult, is indispensable for use in the design of alpine gardens. On slides or flat rockeries, created of stone, it looks especially beautiful and graceful because of its small size, which is further emphasized by the rock.

In the garden, violets are also used to decorate ridges, flower beds and borders. These plants feel quite well among shrubs and trees, not far from water bodies. They are also suitable for growing in a variety of garden pots, containers and balcony boxes. All kinds of braids with these romantic flowers look very interesting.

Violets behave well in a limited amount of soil - in pots or pots. This plant is best for use in tiered stands and for creating small and large potted groups.

It is excellent to plant a fragrant violet near resting places or in front of windows in the front garden.

Reproduction

For reproduction, you can use a violet found in the fields, while you should separate the shoots from the bush and plant in the garden, or rooted seedlings bought in the store. In the first case, the plant will show color the next year after planting.

You can also sow seeds yourself in early spring in prepared containers or directly to the garden bed, with the exception of annual hybrids and varieties that are recommended to be grown using seedlings. A flower that was grown from seed is much stronger and more resistant to various diseases.

The distance between the bushes should be about 15 cm.

Garden violet in urban landscape

The perennial garden violet is actively used in the landscape of cities. Photos of flower beds with this plant are unusually picturesque.

Violets are rightfully classified as flowering herbaceous perennials, but their use in the design of urban ensembles is very limited. Mostly restrictions are imposed by their small size and rather short flowering time. This creates difficulties in the selection of partners and the placement of violets in the compositions.

For beauty and saturation, violets are always placed in groups or spots. The more significant they are planted, the more decorativeness, aroma, and beauty of flowering are revealed.

This is one of the most peculiar plants for bordering flowering shrubs, rose bushes or the formation of landscape carpets, which gives picturesque and delicate beauty to the whole ensemble.

Violets are also good along the edges of flower beds or mixborders, where flowers are planted in the first line so that they can be seen. It is good if the period of their flowering coincides with the period of flowering of some plant that is planted in the depths of the flower garden.

Flowers for every taste

Horned violet is somewhat knocked out of the row of perennial small-flowered violets, to a greater extent resembling "pansies". Currently, there are a large number of its hybrids, varieties, garden forms. They differ in the shape of flowers and color.

Varieties of horned violets have smaller flowers, but this is more than repaid by their number. Usually, the curtains are so densely covered with flowers that the foliage is almost invisible. Another advantage of this plant is the ability to maintain a lush compact clump for several years and not weaken the flowering.

Landings of "pansies", no matter how attractive they are, usually by the end of the season acquire an untidy appearance, the flowers become smaller, lose their brightness and shape. Horned violet and its cultivars require rejuvenation every 2-4 years.

The flowers of the horned violet stand perfectly in the water. They make charming little bouquets that fill the room with a delicate aroma.

Interesting fact

It is curious that in some species of violets, the first, spring flowers often do not form fruit. Perhaps this is due to the lack of pollinating insects at this time. And later they have other, nondescript flowers, more like unopened buds.Self-pollination occurs in them, and after that fruits and seeds are formed.

Violet amazing (Viola mirabilis) that is why it is so named. In the spring, a rosette of large basal leaves forms, and a beautiful but sterile flower grows on a long peduncle. And in summer a rather high stem with leaves and flowers - "buds" is formed.

The violet is amazing. Spring Flower.

Bloom

The main charm of all types and varieties of garden viols enclosed in delicate flowers these plants. To obtain abundant and long-lasting flowering, you should know some of the nuances.

Timing

The onset of the flowering period completely depends on varietal characteristics copy and proper care of the violet.

Usually bud opening falls in the middle and end of spring... The earlier the seeds have been sown in the ground or for seedlings, the sooner flowers can be expected to appear.

CAUTION! When planting seedlings or sowing seeds directly into the soil, the onset of late spring cold weather cannot be ruled out. You should check the long-term forecast and also rely on your own observations. This will protect the planting from freezing.

Violets according to the variety have their own preferences in flowering time:

• Some form buds in spring (Labrador, moth);
• Others may flower towards the end of summer.

Violet graceful strewn with flowers from late spring to early autumn.

Perennial garden viols can also prepare a surprise in the form of secondary flowering closer to autumn.

Age of onset

Annual garden violets bloom after 2.5 - 3 months after sowing.

Biennial species can form buds only in the second year of life, although the grafting method can speed up this process.

Perennials when sowing seeds bloom like biennial species - in the second year of life, but when grafting or dividing a bush, they are able to give flowers in the same year after rooting and adaptation.

Renewal methods

The flowering period of garden violets can be increased by correct agrotechnical methods:

• Providing the necessary daylight;
• Compliance with the irrigation regime;
• Feeding with phosphorus and potassium during the formation of buds.

TIP! Removing dried flowers also lengthens the duration of flowering, maximizes the number of forming corollas.

Pests and diseases

Like any garden plant, the violet is susceptible to damage by diseases and pests. The main ones are:

1. Powdery mildew affects stems, leaves and buds, spiderweb bloom and black dots appear. It is treated by spraying with antifungal agents.
2. The leaves are affected by spotting, the plant dries up, the infection can persist even in the seeds. It is necessary to destroy and dig up the garden, treat it with chemistry.
3. The stem base becomes thinner and darker. This is a black leg. The reason is that the crops are thickened, the illumination and moisture regime is violated. The bed must be loosened, thinned out and treated against fungus.
4. The flowers are covered with gray rot - a fluffy bloom with decay. The reason is little light, a lot of moisture and nitrogen. Treatment consists of thinning, airing, fertilizing. Chemical treatment is also needed.
5. In May-June, the plant is affected by the caterpillars of the clover moth and mother-of-pearl violet. It is necessary to spray with tobacco infusion and chlorophos when young caterpillars appear.

Garden violet - seemingly a typical forest dweller

Tiny violet stars, although unpretentious, are unlikely to be definitely "tame" flowers. This is partly why gardeners love them so much: the delicate perennial garden violet steadfastly retains the charm of a "forest" inhabitant and reminds of wild nature. The glades, where these pretty miniature flowers grow densely, give the impression of naturally occurring corners.

Classification of species

The ancient genus of violet-viola has more than four hundred species branches today. The culture is good because it blooms profusely and for a long time with minimal human participation.If no effort is made, the touching and fragrant garden violet will delight the owners with lush color only in spring. Later, the plant will "go into seeds" (covered with a decent number of bolls) and will lose its decorative effect.

For many, or rather young (usually grows only 3-4 years old) include, first of all, fragrant and horned violet. Among the "breeds" bred by the breeders, there are also those for which the name "pansies" is popularly stuck. They are large-leaved: the aggregate of petals in some cases forms a corolla 5-10 cm in diameter. Other "big-eyed" descendants remind of their parent very distantly.

1. The fragrant violet is small, incredibly fragrant. The smell "grows stronger" in the evening. Such a baby reaches only 15-18 cm in height, has a creeping stem. The spine is tenacious, easily held on the protrusions. The leaves are in the form of a heart, held in a bunch. The flowers are tiny (up to 3 cm), bluish or purple. There are simple and terry varieties. Fresh seeds are needed for planting and successful germination.
2. The horned viola is not much more impressive in size - about 8-25 cm "tall". The name is associated with the presence of a spur-like protrusion on the back of most sepals. The usual diameter of the corolla is 1.5-3.5 cm. The shade range is extensive - from blue-white-yellow to orange-red-black. The range of hybrid varieties is impressive, but they are more difficult to "winter" and, as a rule, belong to biennials.

If you methodically pluck the boxes from the bushes, the violet will bloom profusely and for a long time.

There are few lovers of the snow-white beauty-violet, but in vain: she is very attractive in appearance and in the solid circle of her closest relatives there are many large individuals. As for the garden white violet as a species used in gardening, such a phrase is often referred to as conditional. The reason is a significant variety of representatives of the genus of violet light shades, identified with the word "white".

Among the white-leaved specimens there will be a klobuchkovaya ("blonde" with purple dots), individual members of the already described "slingshot" company and breeding varieties of fragrant relatives of the forest pale purple brotherhood. An Italian-Turkish Parma violet and a large terry Australian-American "white queen" will complement this noble family of snow white.

The spectrum of violet shades is wide and varied - red and black colors are relevant in it

Features of planting and reproduction

The best habitat for most varieties of the described flower is moderately sunny open areas of a flower garden or garden. Slightly shaded meadows with damp (but not too wet!) Loose soil are also a suitable environment for the growth of viola. Relative fertility is important for the land, moderation is important for irrigation. Feeding is desirable, a couple of times per season. In winter, it would be nice to cover the area with a layer of soft branches and foliage.

Of the methods for reproducing planting material, the main ones are growing from seeds, cuttings, dividing bushes. There are certain rules for planting and caring for perennial garden violets of different varieties. The most favorable period for seed reproduction (planting) is the transition from summer to autumn, in August-September. The seedlings will sprout next spring, so a cute blooming rug is guaranteed in May.

Fragrant violet - unpretentious perennial

Seed handling

Agrotechnical manipulations are not difficult, but some conditions will have to be met. The freshness of the seed is one of them. Sowing in grooves is accompanied by light mulching. Peat or humus is ideal for this process. A densely sown mass will need a pick, with a "step" of 5-7 cm. The beds are spilled with a solution in advance, and the seeds are powdered with a fungicide so that no fungus occurs.

If the seeds were bought in winter and were planted in boxes, they will need to be covered with foil or glass. Leaky.In a cool place (12-18 °), the plants overwinter successfully - in constantly moistened (but not damp!) Soil. Distillation is slow, from one to one and a half to two months. As soon as the seedlings "hatch", it is recommended to move the boxes to a warmer corner, with a temperature of 18-22 °.

Diving after the appearance of the first pair of true leaves is performed as needed, weeding, loosening the base and feeding - too. A complex, non-concentrated fertilizer solution is used. It is added every 10-15 days. Note: seeds sown in spring germinate almost twice as early as "autumn" ones. Self-seeding is also acceptable for them, but ineffective.

Colored varieties of horned violets are pleasing to the eye

Planting seedlings in the ground

On the site set aside for the violet kingdom, seedling bushes cut from the ground with a formed root are planted at a distance of 30 centimeters, trying to provide a decent nutritional area for the plant. Flowering will begin about a month after the development of the leafy part. Undoubtedly, the violets left to winter on the insulated section of the lawn will bloom earlier.

Vegetative reproduction

It's about bush division and cuttings. The first rejuvenates the variety and prevents the degeneration of the variety. The second allows you to preserve and reproduce even a single copy.

There are hundreds of exotic varieties of violets today - they are used as garden and indoor flowers

Division of bushes

The chain of action "starts" in the spring, shortly before flowering, or in the summer, after flowering ends. Part of the bush is cut off - with a scoop or with a knife - and transplanted to a new site. Bush-making is applied to fragrant violets, moth, horned, two- and three-colored - tall and branched, often mottled with streaks and specks. Non-resistant hybrids such as Pansies are also planted in this way.

Before dismembering the curtain and planting fragments from the plant, remove the remnants of flowers. A bunch of stems with part of the roots is moved into the shade, into a moist (better drained) environment. It's easy to do after rain. It is not necessary to cover the “immigrant”. He will take root anyway, proving that planting and caring for a garden violet is not burdensome. By autumn, the bush will bloom profusely, and by winter it will form a root system.

The modesty of the white moth violet gives it a touch of innocence and incredible charm.

Using cuttings

The most suitable time for green cuttings is from May to July. After the loss of bush compactness and crushing of the flowers (and these are common phenomena), the upper shoots with 2-3 nodules are cut off. Root them in two weeks. Engraftment is almost always successful - the group will bloom at the turn of summer and autumn. Later, cuttings will delay the appearance of color by six months - until May-June.

Thematic video

Tips for planting violets (video):

Attractive path spots with cute violets will perfectly fit into flower beds, mixed flower beds, rocky hills, lawns, curbs and "revive" empty meadows around trees. They are modest and not capricious, but they are unusually pretty and full of inner dignity. Carried away by these crumbs, you will noticeably ennoble the aura of your garden and home.

Fragrant violet is a herbaceous perennial plant that is found in deciduous forests. The flower prefers mountain slopes and meadows, but it is also grown in garden plots.

Violet attracts with its small purple flowers and pleasant aroma. The plant blooms in April and again in late summer.

The violet has a powerful rhizome, giving many shoots, and a stem 15 cm long. The leaves are simple, rounded, located at the root rosette. The flowers are single, with 5 petals, the lower one is wider.

Cultural forms of the fragrant violet:

• Bechtles Ideal - a plant with large blue flowers;
• Coeur d'Alsace - decorative form with pink inflorescences;
• Queen Charlotte - a hybrid with large lilac flowers;
• Red Charm - perennial with lilac inflorescences and burgundy core, suitable for growing at home;
• Foxbrook Cream is a white violet with a yellowish core.

After flowering, the plant forms a spherical box with seeds. In nature, the violet reproduces by seeds. In the garden, propagate it by dividing the rhizome.

For planting, choose open, sunny or partially shaded areas. Provide the plant with good light in the morning and in partial shade during the day.

Violet prefers fertile, loose soil. Plant plants around the edges of your flower bed or under trees. At home, place them in containers, put them on a balcony or loggia.

Plant the seeds in open ground in the spring. In colder climates, get your seedlings at home first and transplant them into your garden bed in May.

Growing violets includes certain care:

• Watering. Water the plant regularly to keep the soil moist. In dry conditions, increase the intensity of watering.
• Top dressing. Before flowering, feed the perennial with a complex flower fertilizer.
• Protection from pests. In a drought, the flower is attacked by a spider mite. As a result, the leaves of the plant turn pale and dry out. Spray the underside of the leaves daily to control the pest.

After 3-4 years, replace the flowers in the flower bed. Remove old plants and plant new ones. Add compost and flower garden fertilizer to the soil. If you do not renew the planting, then the bushes will grow, oppress each other and stop blooming.

Fragrant violet is a ground cover plant that can complement landscaping. The plant blooms profusely with constant watering and feeding.

A perennial horned violet is an unpretentious flower, but nevertheless, in order to successfully grow it in the garden, you need to know the features of care. You can also use this plant to create original landscape design compositions. Its attractive colors make it blend in with other flowering crops.

Horned violet in landscape design

Perennial violet is successfully used by flower growers to decorate ridges, borders and flower beds. This flower can significantly diversify the flower garden and fill the empty space around trees and bushes. Quite spectacular are group plantings of plants, which, during the opening of the buds, seem to "capture" all the free space. The flower looks original against the background of coniferous bushes and trees, and also perfectly coexists with roses.

A horned violet looks attractive on alpine hills and flat stone rockeries. The contrast of the composition is achieved due to the small size of the graceful flowers. You can also plant a plant near water bodies, artificial waterfalls and ponds. For this, violets of bright colors are often used, which noticeably "enliven" the landscape.

Date of publication: Landing in open ground

What kind of plant is a violet?

The name of this flower comes from the old Roman "viola" and was used in the creations of Pliny and Virgil. The garden violet, a photo of the varieties of which are presented in this article, is the oldest garden culture. Two millennia ago, the Romans and Greeks used it in wreaths to decorate rooms.

At the end of the eighteenth century, a botanist from Russia P. S. Pallas, who studied the Altai flora, brought this flower from Altai to St. Petersburg for the first time.

Violets are herbaceous one-, two- or perennial plants. Leaves are arranged in turn or collected in a basal rosette. The flowers are solitary, the upper petals are smaller than the lower ones, have a horn-shaped outgrowth or saccular at the base. The violet fruit is a capsule, the seeds retain the ability to germinate up to two years.

The genus of this plant has about 500 species that have spread throughout the world. There are both wild and cultivated species.

Application in traditional medicine

The plant contains large quantities of essential oils, flavonoid, vitamins A, C, E, fats, carotene. Because of the alkaloids it contains, it is poisonous. Therefore, it should be used with caution in home medicine. It is best to consult your doctor.

Forest violet helps in the treatment of folk remedies for many diseases:

1. Febrifuge.
2. Decoction gargle with inflammation.
3. Promotes the separation of phlegm from the respiratory tract.
4. Heals headache.
5. It has a diuretic effect.
6. Has disinfecting properties.
7. Hemostatic - for women with complications after childbirth and during menopause.
8. Antiallergenic, helps with diathesis in children.
9. Antirheumatic (in the form of compresses)

In aromatherapy, the smell of violets soothes the nerves, even helps with excitability, hysteria, seizures. Increases vitality and immunity.

In cosmetology, violet oil smoothes wrinkles, heals cracks and chapped lips. In high concentrations, the extract from violets is poisonous. Therefore, the use of preparations based on violets should be used with caution and kept out of the reach of children.