Clematis are amazing, these decorative vines are able to grow in the conditions of central Russia. Pink and white, burgundy and purple - they look very impressive on any hedge or pergola, which is why they are so popular in the design of garden and backyard plots. For cultivation in our climate, varieties such as:
- Clematis grape-leaved
- Alpine
- Siberian
- Large
- Okhotsk
These vines resemble woody shrubs, the flowering of which usually occurs in May-June and is represented by wide-bell-shaped flowers. The appearance of individual flowers can be observed throughout the summer. These plants are winter-hardy and unpretentious to care for. Until recently, gardeners bypassed them. Now, many are trying to plant clematis in their garden.
Clematis varieties for the Moscow region need to choose frost-resistant, capable of withstanding even fierce Russian winters.
Beautiful in itself and irreplaceable in the decorative design of arches, hedges, windows in the house. A climates or lomanos plant (climb into a bush and break your nose) from the Buttercup family, it can be curly or bush.
Pale purple flowers of General Sikorski clematis.
This liana-like shrub, braiding various supports with its shoots, is capable of reaching a height of about 5 m. It is also called clematis. It is quite unpretentious and hardy, capable of developing in one place up to 30 years. But he is picky about the sun (although he calmly tolerates partial shade) and constant watering. Any soil is suitable for him, it is only important that it is not a swampy area. How to plant a plant and how to care for clematis? The answers to these questions are contained below.
A beautiful combination of dark pink flowers and delicate green leaves tightly braiding the netting of clematis Madam Julia.
Unusual moon color of Madam Le Kyltr clemantes.
Varieties and varieties of clematis
The genus of clematis (Clematis) has a huge number of species (according to some sources up to 380), which are usually classified according to pruning groups.
Several clematis bushes can create a flowering hedge along the entire fence
Clematis is divided into types and varieties as follows:
- 1 group. The formation of flower buds occurs on the shoots of the current year;
- Group 2. The formation of flower buds occurs on the shoots of the last year.
Any pruning stimulates plants to new shoots, branching and abundant flowering. Photos of flowering clematis bushes attract and fascinate: you can look at them for hours, wondering at the variety of flowers.
Clematis have a huge number of species, which are subdivided into:
- Herbaceous perennial vines - at the end of the growing season, the shoots completely die off.
- Semi-shrubs - the upper part of the bush dies off annually, the lower (bush) remains for many years.
- Shrubs - the plant forms a large lignified stem that hibernates well without pruning.
Clematis grown in the open field is usually divided into wild species, small and large-flowered, climbing and bush. Wild clematis are the progenitors of modern cultivars.
Curly large-flowered clematis
The natural habitat of wild plant species is a temperate climate, where they thrive and bloom with small flowers. The color of flowers in wild species of clematis is limited to white, all tones of yellow and blue. Occasionally there are individuals with small reddish or purple flowers up to 4 cm in diameter.
A rich collection of clematis (clematis) of natural species (over 200 species and forms) is preserved in the Nikitsky Botanical Garden in Crimea.
Hybrid clematis (C. hybrida hort.)
These are powerful perennial vines or semi-shrubs, reaching a height of 3 m, which cling to the support with leaf petioles and stems. Single flowers are collected in inflorescences, the diameter of one flower can reach 20 cm. After flowering, decorative clematis form rounded pubescent fruits.
Hybrid variety of clematis "Alexandrite" with very large flowers
Juicy, green, dissected leaves are beautiful on their own, but during the flowering period, when the liana resembles a blooming fire, the plant looks very decorative. Clematis need to provide a sunny and sheltered place from the wind. In addition, the plant will need a solid support, since the weight of an adult plant with flowers and leaves can be over 100 kg.
Large-flowered clematis
The cultivation of large-flowered varieties is due to the high decorativeness of clematis of this group. The size of the flower in the dissolution reaches 20 cm. The various colors - juicy and bright - add decorativeness to these plants. Therefore, large-flowered varieties of clematis are popular when grown outdoors, and are often used to create compositions in landscape design.
This group of flowering plants is subdivided into several subgroups with significant differences in vegetation.
Clematis Jacques
Zhakman - large vines, sometimes semi-shrubs. Shoots reach a length of 4 m. The plant develops a powerful, branched root system with strong and long roots. Jacqueman's clematis bloom in large, odorless flowers. They are characterized by a bright color of blue-violet, white and purple tones. Flowering is long; flowers appear on the shoots of the current year. These vines are pruned short in preparation for the winter.
Important! When pruning Zhakman clematis in the fall, you need to leave 2-3 pairs of lower buds.
Clematis Viticella "Red"
Viticella - length 3.5 m. Wide open flowers are painted in pinkish and purple tones. Flowering on the shoots of the current year is characterized by high decorativeness and duration. Winter pruning required. When planted outdoors, Clematis Viticella is in perfect harmony with the varieties of other groups.
Clematis lanuginosa "Marie Boisselot"
Lanuginose - thin lashes of these liana-shaped shrubs climb on supports up to 2.5 m high. Plants of this subgroup are distinguished by friendly flowering on last year's shoots. Amicably and massively, a cascade of single flowers of delicate blue, pink and white tones with shades is revealed. Pruning clematis in the fall of this year. The next year, the vines will bloom in late summer, already on the shoots of the current year.
Clematis patens "Rebecca"
Patens - ligneous vines. In length, plants of this subgroup reach 3.5 m. Flowers are single, in diameter they can reach up to 15 cm, painted in different tones. This subgroup includes cultivars with fully double and semi-double flowers. Flowering is observed exclusively on last year's shoots. In autumn, a gentle pruning of the plant is carried out - the lashes are slightly shortened, a reliable shelter for the winter is required.
Clematis Florida
Florida - long bush-type vines. Plants of this group can reach a height of 3 m. Flowering on the shoots of the past year.Large flowers can have completely different colors, but mostly light colors. Pruning is done before winter, the upper part of the plant is cut out, up to about 2 meters. The remaining bush, preparing for wintering, is well insulated.
Clematis Integrifolia
Integrifolia - Clematis of this group reach a height of only 1.5 meters, but at the same time, they are characterized by abundant and powerful formation of the skeletal part of the plant. They form many lashes. The flowers are medium in size - up to 12 cm. The color of the petals varies from dark to light tones. Blooming - on the shoots of the last year. Shoots are cut in autumn.
Flower care
♦ Watering. Clematis are very fond of drinking (their root layer must be constantly kept hydrated). The older the flower, the more moisture it needs. The lack of moisture will immediately affect the size of the flowers, they will become much smaller.
- First-year seedlings in spring, in summer we water once every 5-10 days (in hot, dry weather, 3 times weekly).
When watering, make sure that the stream does not hit the central part of the vine.
Clematis do not like frequent and shallow watering. The ground should get wet enough deep (60-70 cm) so that the water reaches the roots, and does not spread over the surface.
To ensure such watering, dig in several pieces of plastic pipe (3-4) immediately during planting, directing them slightly obliquely to the center of the plant.
And then, if watering is necessary, we fill them with water. So we will know for sure that every drop of moisture will reach the goal.
You can also use plastic bottles for watering (best of all 5 liter). We cut off their bottom and dig in near the clematis bush with the neck down. It is very good to feed the plants through this structure.
After the procedure, be sure to loosen the soil. At the same time, remove the weeds that have appeared.
♦ Top dressing. The kings of the flower world need to eat a lot and well, because: firstly, they bloom for a long time and magnificently, and secondly, they renew almost the entire above-ground mass every year.
They need to be fed twice a month. It is better to feed the flowers with liquid fertilizers and always in small portions after watering.
- Clematis must be fed in the spring during the regrowth of the shoots. For fertilizers, we use ammonium nitrate (20 g of substance per 10 liters of water), chicken manure (proportion 1x15) or mullein (1x10). Consumption of 10 liters of feed for 1-2 bushes.
- Then food should be alternated (organic with mineral).
- During the budding of plants, we combine organic matter and mineral supplements.
- In the summer, every month it is necessary to give the flowers a weak solution of potassium permanganate (2-3 g) and boric acid (1-2 g) in a bucket of water. At this time, spray the clematis with urea (for 10 liters of water ½ tablespoon).
- At the end of summer, the plant needs additives that activate the ripening of the shoots (ready-made feeding "Kemira Autumn", "Autumn" are suitable). You can dilute the flower diet during this period with ash.
- Preparing for winter time during digging, you should add mineral (granular superphosphate 20-50 g per m²) fertilizers or organic matter. During this period, it is necessary to add potassium magnesium or potassium sulfate (10-30 g per m²).
- Sprinkle a mixture of charcoal, ash and sand at the location of the tillering unit.
♦ Garter. Many varieties of clematis require assistance in directing the growth of long vines. To do this, in the spring, the plant is tied up on a support, placing it in the required direction.
Otherwise, flexible shoots can become tangled and damage the flower. Over time, our handsome man will braid the support himself and grow.
- The only plants that do not know how to twine around the supports are the Clematis of the Integrifolia group. These flowers require constant help from a gardener. Such crops need to be tied up every summer.
But even an adult flower must be regularly adjusted on the support, directing the vines in the right direction.
Otherwise, flexible shoots can intertwine so that it will be very difficult to untangle them without damage later.
♦ How to cover clematis for the winter. Delicate and very sensitive flower beauties must be covered before the onset of the winter cold.
We will hold such an event with the onset of the first frost due to dry weather.
- Dry peat, sand, loose earth are suitable for the plant as winter protection. The layer to be rolled up should be 15-20 cm high.
How to cover clematis in another way? The aerial method of shelter has proven itself very well.
To do this, low wire frames are erected over the plant; wooden boxes without a bottom can be used. Layers of roofing material, films or roofing felt are applied on top of them.
But do not wrap them up too tightly, otherwise the plants may vanish.
Planting a plant
Planting clematis is a responsible business. It is required to take into account a lot of nuances. The first decade of September is the best time when planting clematis is most preferable.
Important! The culture requires a lot of light for development and abundant flowering, but it is useful to remember that varieties with dark petals in the open sun fade very quickly.
Most varietal clematis requires a support that will support the plant. You can choose a place for planting a plant near the wall of the house, but at the same time it is required to ensure that atmospheric precipitation is removed from the roof to the other side, so that excess water does not cause the roots of clematis to get wet and decay.
Scheme: planting options for clematis
When planting a plant alone, it is necessary to take into account the direction of the prevailing wind, which can harm the plant, especially the young and not matured.
Landing pit
Planting of plants is carried out in square pits, the sides of which are 0.6 m. The depth of the pit is approximately the same. Remove the soil, prepare the planting mixture:
- 2 buckets of humus;
- 1 bucket of peat mixture and coarse sand;
- 100 g double superphosphate (granules);
- 400 g of ash;
- chalk - 200 g.
Important! The acidic soil at the planting site must be neutralized. The culture develops only on alkaline and neutral soils.
For planting, you must first prepare cuttings with a part of the lignified stem and layering.
The process of planting a clematis bush
The pit is filled with a nutrient mixture and a support is placed. The seedling is placed on the ground covered with a mound. The roots must be carefully spread out. Do not cover the root collar with soil. After planting, the plant should be watered, avoiding overflow.
Planting clematis bushes can be carried out at any time, even in summer and spring, but it is preferable to do it in the fall.
Soil requirements
Most of all, these flowers love fertile, well-drained loam with a slightly alkaline reaction and low groundwater. The roots go up to 1 meter deep and can rot when they find themselves in the aquifer. If necessary, you can raise the soil by making an embankment. Having decided on the place, you should immediately take care of the installation of supporting arcs, if there is no other support for future vines.
Correct care
Caring for clematis includes many agricultural activities, but the most important of them is pruning. By trimming the crop correctly, you can achieve the development of powerful, abundantly flowering plants.
There are varieties of clematis that cannot be cut off. Flower buds of these plants are laid on ripe shoots of the last year. Thickened plantings are thinned out after flowering, leaving shoots of at least 1 m.
Pruning clematis
Pruning of the second group of plants (varieties with large flowers that bloom in spring on the shoots of last year, and then repeat flowering on the growth of the current year) is carried out at the age of 1 year to a height of up to 30 cm, in two-year shoots it is allowed to remove up to 1.5 m of bush shoots ...
Clematis varieties blooming in late summer (Viticella; Late Large-flowered) are heavily pruned.They are pruned low above the ground, no higher than 20-50 cm from the ground.
Important! Before pruning the plant, it is helpful to know what type of clematis belongs to.
Caring for plants during the growing season is reduced to loosening and mulching the soil, weeding, and top dressing. Regular watering is important (in hot weather you need to water abundantly).
Mulching the soil around the clematis bush
In the heat, plants suffer from overheating of the soil, so it is very important to mulch the soil on top of the planting pits.
To support the plants, it is important to install supports that can support the weight of the plant. The supports must be installed so high that the plant has the ability to freely climb up the support.
Dividing the bush
At first glance, this method seems to be optimal. The plant has an underground "tillering center", from the buds of which new shoots grow every year. It would seem that it could be simpler: dig up the rhizome, cut it so that each part has both roots and underground buds, and then plant the resulting cuttings in permanent places.
Separation of the rhizome into parts
In fact, things are far from being so rosy. The procedure for dividing a clematis bush, as a rule, is associated with certain difficulties:
- such an operation can only be performed with an adult, powerful plant, and this is difficult. It is impractical to divide a young liana, since it has few roots and growth buds;
- the transplantation, and, consequently, the division of clematis is carried out in late spring, when the soil is finally warmed up. By this time, the plant has a developed aboveground part, consisting of stems from the past and current years, or only from young shoots (depending on the pruning group). The presence of a mass of brittle lashes complicates the work;
- when digging and cutting rhizomes, there is a high risk of damage to growth buds and delicate, thin roots. Saplings obtained in this way adapt for a long time after transplanting, some even die;
- you won't get many new plants by dividing the bush. The quantity and quality of seedlings usually does not pay off the effort.
Method dividing the bush is laborious and ineffective... Gardeners use it only in cases where clematis still needs to be dug up (for example, if necessary, radically rejuvenate the plant or "relocate" it within the site).
Fertilizing and feeding clematis
Top dressing of clematis begins after the growth of the green mass. The fertilizer used is nitrogen, which stimulates growth. Watering is combined in time with fertilization.
The second feeding is carried out at the time of plant budding. Phosphorus and potash fertilizers are used.
Clematis require quite frequent mineral feeding.
During the growing season of the plant, about 2 times a month, it is required to fertilize the plants with microelements.
An important event is the autumn fertilization of plants with phosphorus, around September. Double superphosphate (granular) is introduced into the trunk circles.
Important! Overdose of phosphorus fertilizers causes premature aging of the plant and chlorosis.
June
In June, all plants require attention, including clematis. They need to be constantly tied up, the ground around the bushes must be weeded and loosened.
Important! Clematis do not like bare ground near the trunk circle. It is advisable to cover it with something. For example, plant annuals or mulch.
Clematis are susceptible to "wilting" (fungal disease), therefore, for prophylaxis, the trunks and lower shoots are treated with 0.02% bayleton solution.
Reproduction of clematis by green cuttings
In June, you can take green cuttings for rooting and plant clematis.
Plant propagation
Clematis are so beautiful outdoors that you always want to propagate the plant yourself to decorate the site.
The plant is allowed to propagate by seed and vegetative method:
- Division of the bush.This method is suitable for mature, overgrown plants, but not older than 7 years. The bush is dug up, cut into divisions with a part of the root system and buds. It is better to shorten long shoots for better survival of the bush. Plants are planted in accordance with the clematis planting rules.
- Reproduction by shoots. Green shoots with internodes are pinned to the ground in spring, covered with soil. After the formation of the root system, the plants are separated and planted.
Reproduction of clematis by layering
- Summer cuttings. The clematis shoot is passed through a container without a bottom, which is gradually filled with soil. Reproduction of clematis in this way allows you to get a full-fledged plant at no special cost.
- Seed propagation of a crop is used in breeding work to develop new varieties.
Akaishi
Clematis of the Japanese variety Akaishi impresses with its unusual color of petals: they are dark pink in the center and lilac at the edges. The length of its shoots is quite impressive - about 2-3 m. Nevertheless, clematis Akaishi is often grown in containers.
| Plant height (cm) | Color of petals | Flower size | Trimming group | Flowering time |
| 200-300 | Lilac with a dark pink stripe in the center | Large | 2 | May-June, August-September |
Diseases and pests
Clematis is a rather unpretentious plant, but sometimes the culture is attacked by pests. The development of diseases in a plant is often associated with improper care.
The root system of the plant is damaged by bears and moles, gall and root nematodes; leaves and young shoots - snails and slugs. In addition, plants settle on the leaves: aphids, mealybugs, spider mites (especially in hot summers without rains), scale insects.
It is possible to destroy plant pests using special means of dealing with a certain type of pest.
Moles can often disrupt the root system of clematis
Clematis can be affected by the following diseases:
- Powdery mildew - a white coating that covers all parts of the plant. The leaves curl and wither. Treatment: all plants are treated with 0.05 - 0.2% systemic fungicide (caratan). The cut off infected parts of the plant must be burned.
- Withering is a fungal disease that causes the green parts of clematis to wilt quickly. Treatment: treatment with basezol, phytosporin-M, copper oxychloride.
- Rust - a rusty coating appears on the leaves, causing growth retardation and leaf fall. Treatment: spraying with Bordeaux liquid.
- Yellow mosaic is a viral disease characterized by massive yellowing of the leaves. There is no cure, the plants are destroyed.
Yellow mosaic on clematis leaves
Allanah
Clematis Allana is a delightful handsome man with rich purple petals. Its inflorescences are large, simple.
This plant belongs to the 3rd group of pruning, that is, it blooms for a long time on young shoots.
| Plant height (cm) | Color of petals | Flower size | Trimming group | Flowering time |
| 200-300 | Dark purple | Large | 3 | July-October |
Clematis: combination with other plants
Cultivation of clematis in open ground is possible in single plantings, but the combination of clematis vines with other plants increases the decorativeness of clematis vines when decorating territories in landscape design.
An excellent combination of blooming clematis when planting next to climbing roses, barberry, mock orange, forsythia, conifers.
An excellent combination is obtained when planting clematis on the lawn. The bush looks especially decorative when the proper support is installed.
Clematis is a great decoration for a hedge, walls of a house or a gazebo
Spring awakening
In the spring, do not rush and wake up the plant, removing the covering material from it. Liana is very afraid of unexpected frosts and too bright spring sun - it can burn young buds.
In early spring, shelter can only be lightened slightly.
- Covering materials should be removed from plants only after the termination of possible spring frosts. It is better to wake up Clematis in cloudy weather.
We immediately feed the plants with nitrogen fertilizers. Urea (40 g per 10 liters of water) is perfect.
If the soil of your site is acidic, use lime milk for the first watering (dilute 200 g of lime in 10 liters of water for each m²).
Don't forget to loosen the ground.
Unsurpassed clematis: photo
Anastasia Anisimova
This clematis from the Integrifolia group has been cultivated in Russia for over 50 years (the variety was bred in 1961). Liana grows up to two meters. From July to October, its shoots are decorated with light, sky-blue flowers (10-14 cm in diameter) with six delicate petals. They are similar in color to smoky crystal. Up to 14 flowers bloom on one shoot.
The plant is suitable for growing in gardens and balconies. Resistant to fungal diseases and undemanding in maintenance.
The clematis variety got its name in honor of the oldest employee of the State Nikitsky Botanical Garden.
Rouge Cardinal
This clematis received a gold medal at an exhibition in Holland. It was bred in France in 1968 and is a hybrid from the Jacquemann group (obtained from crossing Clematis Lanuginoza with Clematis Viticella).
From July to September, the vine (2-3 m long) is decorated with large (up to 15 cm in diameter) reddish-purple flowers with yellow stamens in the center. In favorable weather, the shoots lengthen by 5-10 cm or more in one day. The plant is resistant to disease and frost, in autumn it requires strong pruning.
If you're still not sure if you can grow this attractive vine on your own, take a look at our article 9 Frequently Asked Questions about Clematis. We hope that after reading it you will have no doubts, and a flower of one of the unpretentious varieties will soon decorate your garden!
Barbara
Barbara is another variety native to Poland. This one can withstand a little shading and has nothing against large containers.
It grows quickly, so it is suitable for gardening arbors and fences.
| Plant height (cm) | Color of petals | Flower size | Trimming group | Flowering time |
| 200-300 | Light pink | Middle | 2 | May-June, July-September |
Azure Ball
Clematis of this variety of Polish selection attracts with lilac double inflorescences with a diameter of 15-20 cm.
- Terry varieties of clematis - photos, names, descriptions
A selection of 23 varieties of clematis with double flowers.
This plant is great for container growing.
| Plant height (cm) | Color of petals | Flower size | Trimming group | Flowering time |
| 200 | Violet blue | Large | 2 | May-July |
Luther Burbank
This variety was bred a long time ago, but thanks to its good resistance to frost and fungal diseases, it does not lose its popularity to this day. Large flowers (15-25 cm in diameter) with six purple petals begin to appear in July and wither only at the end of October. Light stripes on the petals and cream anthers in the center give a special charm to the flowers.
The height of the liana is 2.5-3.5 m. For the winter, clematis shoots are strongly cut off, leaving only 20-30 cm above ground level.
Frankie
Clematis Frankie is a dream come true for busy summer residents. It is very hardy, unpretentious and does not require pruning. I planted, watered, fed - and with a high probability we can say that this plant will delight you with two waves of flowering every year.
By the way, the flowers of this clematis are drooping, of an unusual shape. Outside they are bluish-purple, and inside they are cream.
| Plant height (cm) | Color of petals | Flower size | Trimming group | Flowering time |
| 200 | Lilac with cream center | Small | 1 | April-May, July-August |
For more varieties that will not give you a lot of trouble, look in our material:
- The most unpretentious varieties of clematis with photos and descriptions
A selection of varieties of clematis, which are worth looking at for novice growers.
Tags: clematis, polish, variety, good
About
«Previous post
Betty Corning
Clematis of this variety can grow up to 4 m in length! It can be safely planted near arches and pergolas.
The pride of this plant is the bell-shaped inflorescences of a lilac shade.
| Plant height (cm) | Color of petals | Flower size | Trimming group | Flowering time |
| 300-400 | Lilac | Middle | 3 | June-September |
Elf
Elf is a clematis variety with cute bells of lilac-pink-white range. It looks very impressive in a company with other climbing plants, especially those with contrasting colors.
Ideal for small flower gardens.
| Plant height (cm) | Color of petals | Flower size | Trimming group | Flowering time |
| 150-250 | Lilac pink with white | Small | 3 | June-November |
Purpurea Plena Elegans (Purpurea Plena Elegans)
This popular plant belongs to the Viticella group. Clematis of this variety has long been loved by flower growers for small (up to 7 cm in diameter) double burgundy flowers, which continuously, from June to September, densely cover a medium-sized liana (up to 3 m).
Clematis Purpurea Plena Elegance is suitable for planting near fences, pergolas, gazebos, old buildings, and also looks good as a ground cover plant. Not afraid of frost, needs strong pruning (third type).
