The best varieties of onions for the Moscow region for open ground in 2020

Introduction

Among the wide variety of representatives of the onion family, onions rightfully take their rightful place. Why? It's simple. The mountains are considered the birthplace of bow. It was there that the first bulbs appeared, trying to survive in the conditions of long winters and dry summers.

In order not to disappear, onions had to accumulate nutrients in their leaves, called scales. A little later, everything began to be called an onion.

Thanks to man, the growing area has expanded significantly, many varieties of onions have been bred, differing in ripening time, color and taste of pulp, size of bulbs and agrotechnical methods of cultivation, individually for each variety.

For Siberia

This variety is considered a salad variety, it was bred in America. Exhibishen onion grows very large, one fruit can reach from 500 g to 1 kg of weight. The bulbs are oval in shape, with an elongated end. Fruits are stored for 5 months without losing taste and useful properties.

Has a fairly high yield. Fruits are dense, yellow in color. They are also quite large in weight: from 500 g to 1 kg one fruit. The inside of the vegetable is sweetish and soft flesh. When grown, it does not require special care conditions, it resists diseases.

Bred by the Dutch. Refers to mid-season onions. Fruits are round, white, weighing up to 850 g. Can be stored for a long time, resistant to root rot.

If you grow sweet onion varieties in Siberia, then you need to choose those that are capable of producing a large yield under negative weather conditions. The most popular are the following varieties:

1. Exibition. This is an American salad variety. You do not need to ask yourself how to grow Exhibichen onions, since even beginner gardeners can cope with planting it, and experienced ones can grow a fruit weighing 600 g. And sometimes with proper care, the weight reaches 1 kg. The bulbs themselves have a rounded-elongated shape. The peculiarity is that you can grow bulbs with a high carbohydrate content. You can store onions for 4-5 months.

   
   Exibition

2. Globo. Differs in high productivity. Bulbs are dense, elliptical and yellow in color. The mass of one onion is 0.6-1 kg. There is a soft and sweet flesh. Able to resist various ailments.

   
   Globo

3. Sterling F1. It is a mid-season Dutch hybrid. The bulbs are round, weigh up to 800 g. The husk is white, it can be stored for a long time. Resists root rot.

   
   Sterling F1

Anyone can grow sweet onions today. To do this, you just need to select the appropriate varieties, taking into account the type of soil and climatic conditions. With proper care and proper planting, you can get a high yield of sweet onions, which can be used both fresh and in the preparation of various dishes.

Onion varieties

When choosing varieties of onions for cultivation in the country, it is necessary to pay attention to the regionality of cultivation.

Depending on the conditions and area of ​​growth, varieties can be conditionally divided into 2 large groups:

• for northern regions
• for cultivation in the southern regions

Onion varieties intended for areas with cold climates have a pronounced pungent taste and excellent keeping quality. Onions grown in the southern regions have a sweeter taste but do not last long. Southern - mainly lettuce types of onions.

White onions have also become widespread. Differs in sweetish, delicate taste. Also applies to salad types. Disadvantage: short storage time and instability to diseases and pests.

Features of growing and care

Onions must not be planted in areas where related crops grew last season. Landing in contaminated soil is also not recommended. Legumes, tomatoes and cabbage plants are considered excellent predecessors. The landing site should be bright and warm by the sun. In loose, heated soil, the risk of rot is reduced. The soil should be fertile, well treated with organic and mineral fertilizers. The reaction of the environment is close to neutral. The preparation of the beds is carried out in advance.

Planting can be done in autumn or spring, depending on the variety. Winter onions are usually planted on feathers, but it is also possible to grow turnip, which is harvested in June. Spring planting of seedlings is carried out in the first half of May, when the soil is sufficiently warmed up. When planting a crop in soil with a temperature of less than + 12 ° C, arrows can germinate ahead of time. But late sowing affects the growth and quality of the crop.

Did you know? The largest bulb was grown in England and weighed 6 kg.

Before applying to the soil, the seedlings must be sorted out and distributed by size. It is stored at temperatures not higher than room temperature. It is advisable to warm up the seedlings a day before planting (lay it out, for example, near a battery) in order to avoid premature ejection of the arrow. Immediately before planting, the seedlings placed in gauze are recommended to be soaked in a 10% solution of copper sulfate (proportions: 1 teaspoon of copper sulfate per 10 liters of water).

This manipulation reduces the risk of fungal infection. Before planting the beds, you should dig up and remove the weeds. To deepen the sevok no more than 4 cm, otherwise the bulbs will acquire an elongated shape. A distance of 25 cm is maintained between the beds, and 10 cm between adjacent bulbs. The soil can be mulched with humus. Even if a drought-resistant variety is planted, it should be understood that onions are a moisture-loving culture. It is generally recommended to water the onions once a week.

But it all depends on the weather conditions. If the rains are frequent and the soil does not dry out, watering is excluded. Onions love weeding. But when landing on a site where there is constant sunshine, it is often not worth weeding. Remove the most aggressive weeds so as not to drown out the still immature feathers. After the crop has matured enough, weed it with confidence to protect the fragile greens from wilting.

What are the differences between spicy, semi-sharp and sweet onions?

Spicy, semi-sharp and sweet varieties differ in taste, shelf life and onion structure

Almost all early ripening varieties are spicy in taste. They have good keeping quality, long shelf life. Bulbs contain a lot of nutrients: sugars, essential oils.

The only drawback is the low yield. The heads of early varieties are wrapped in several layers of husk, so harvesting is possible not only by hand, but also using specialized equipment. Can be grown in any region.

Semi-sharp varieties are sweeter with less firm flesh and few flakes. It is not recommended to clean the plantings with special equipment, since the bulbs are susceptible to injury and quickly deteriorate. Productivity, in comparison with early varieties, is much higher. They can be cultivated in any region.

Sweet varieties are used to make salads. They are high yielding, but the shelf life is short. Recommended for cultivation in the southern regions.

Video about which planting material is worth buying and which one cannot be taken

In this video, the author of the video shares his experience in choosing onion sets.She talks in detail about different successful species, and also cites the reviews of her friends and relatives as an example.

Although we have already considered many of the varieties, the importance of the video is that it shows which planting material you do not need to buy. One should especially distinguish one that is infected with thrips (a small pest that affects a root crop). If you do not know this and buy a dysfunctional one, then he can subsequently infect a healthy one.

It is also important to know at what storage temperature and in what conditions to store it until the time of planting. This is very important information for successful germination and an excellent harvest.

Follow the advice of seasoned gardeners and you will always have great yields.

Medium ripening

The growing season for these varieties is from 100 to 120 days. Grown in different regions, mainly through planting sevka. Varieties with an average ripening period are well stored, the bulbs can be transported over long distances, the heads are used for canning, fresh and pickled.

Bessonovsky

Currently, breeders are working to improve the characteristics of the variety, trying to return it to its former popularity.

Healthy onion, a well-known vegetable. In Russia, perennial and two-year species have been planted since the XII-XIII centuries. Now gardeners prefer to buy ready-made sets. Demand determined supply. Many new varieties of biennial onions have appeared on the market. The main country producing planting material for all bulbous crops is Holland, therefore, the sevka varieties of this selection have become the main ones.

About agricultural technology of culture

Onions are cultivated as an annual or a two-year crop rotation is used. In the second variant, seedlings are an intermediate planting material obtained from nigella seeds. The next year, small bulbs are planted in the ground to grow larger fruit.

Advice. For a successful harvest, it is better to choose an area with loose fertile soil and a neutral reaction. The culture is not picky about lighting, but it develops more actively in sunny beds.

The turnip is responsive for watering and feeding, but an excess of moisture and fertilizers will negatively affect the quality of the product. The head itself will turn out to be small, but it will give an abundant high feather and will actively shoot.

It is impossible to plant sevok in one place annually, otherwise diseases cannot be avoided. To find a new site, pay attention to the predecessors. After their own kind and asparagus, onions should not be planted, but the beds where cucumbers, tomatoes, peas and potatoes previously grew are an excellent choice. You can also plant an onion after corn and cabbage.

Small set - wild oat

Having freed the garden bed from the predecessor culture in the fall, the site is dug up to the entire depth of the cultural layer. You can scatter organic fertilizers on the ground before digging or after it, in the spring, before planting, add more mineral water.

Comparison of varieties of different breeding

Sweet.

Weak-sharp.

Acute.

The varieties of the Dutch selection, in addition to a great variety, in comparison with the well-known German ones, are characterized by better resistance to pests, diseases and shooting.

Domestic and Moldovan types of red onions are better stored, but there are few good sets on the Russian market.

Frost-resistant onions for winter planting

Planting onions in the winter on a turnip is becoming more and more popular. It has significant advantages: in the spring there is no need to rush to process the beds, plant onions on a turnip, water until mid-May; with this planting, the bulbs grow much larger than those of spring onions, winter varieties ripen much earlier - at the end of May. True, their keeping quality is small.

For winter plantings, it is recommended to choose specially bred varieties with a short light bottom, frost-resistant hybrids.Late varieties and those that are usually grown in the southern regions are not suitable for the Moscow region. Incorrectly selected onion varieties do not tolerate the winter well, and this leads to shooting, low yield.

Description and photos of the best varieties

According to the ripening period, they are divided into:

1. Early (90-100 days). Sharp, dense, with a large amount of essential oils, covered with a thick layer of dense husk, so it is not damaged during harvesting, can be stored for up to 8-9 months. The yield is lower than that of mid-season and late ones. Can be grown in the northern regions, the Urals and Siberia.
2. Mid-season (100-120) most often semi-sharp, sweeter than early, loose flesh, thin husk. You need to clean it carefully.

The yield is higher than that of the early ones, but poorly stored.

Grows in any region.
Late (over 120)the highest-yielding, stored for 8-9 months.

Early

Centurion

Centurion variety considered the best hybrid of the Dutch selection. Grows well in the northern and southern regions. Bulbs up to 100 grams, with a small bottom, their elongated shape is convenient for slicing. The pulp is white, the taste is moderately spicy. Grown for turnip and greens. Used fresh and for canning. At low temperatures, it can be stored for up to 8 months.

Red Semko F1

Ripens from seeds in 3 months in areas with long daylight hours or from seedlings where the season is shorter. The bulb is round, dense, the flesh is white with dark red stripes, semi-sharp in taste, the husk is purple. Harvest from 1 m 2 to 4.5 kg. Grown for a turnip. The feather has a wax coating.

Alpha

The variety ripens in 65–80 days. The bulb is rounded, golden, covered with a dense five-layer husk. Reaches a weight of 100 g. The taste is semi-sharp. Stored in a cool dry place for up to 6-7 months. The variety is resistant to pests and diseases.

Mid-season

Carmen

The bulbs of the Carmen variety are medium (60 g), rounded, the husk is purple. The pulp is white with a mild taste. The variety is salad. Grow for turnip and greens.

Red Baron

The Red Baron is resistant to fungal diseases. Bulbs 50-120 grams, round red, with a purple husk.

Removes cholesterol. Rich in minerals and vitamins, the most beneficial upper flakes.

The pulp is juicy, crispy, homogeneous, dense. It is good for kebabs and in vitamin salads; it does not color other vegetables.

Late

Sturon

Onion Sturon Matures in 105 days. Grows in temperate and southern latitudes. Grown from seedlings, it weighs 80-100 grams. Stored up to 9 months. Juicy, white with a spicy taste. The bulb is elliptical, the husk is dense yellow-brown. The variety is resistant to diseases, does not form an arrow. Productivity up to 10 kg from 2 m 2.

Setton

It was bred for Northern Europe, therefore it is resistant to cold and shooting. Bulb 100-120 grams, elongated, golden husk. Stored until spring. Productivity 6 kg from 1 m 2.

For winter planting

Troy F1

An undemanding hybrid, resistant to diseases and pests. Productivity is 5 kg from 1 m 2. The onion is moderately spicy, the pulp is white, the content of iron, calcium and vitamins is increased.

The variety is early ripening, ripens at the end of July.

Grown for a turnip, used fresh, canned. The bulbs are round with a dense husk. Withstands severe frosts, does not give an arrow. Stored up to 4 months, while more expensive than other types.

Shakespeare

Early maturing, does not shoot, resistant to diseases, except for onion fly, withstands frosts down to –18 ° С. Productivity 3.5 kg from 1 m 2. Large (about 100 g) round in shape with dense yellow-brown husk. The pulp is white, semi-sharp, juicy, dense.

Corrado

Medium early winter variety. The shape of the bulb is round-flat, reaching 90-110 g. The taste is semi-sharp. It can be stored for up to 8 months thanks to its dense husk. The variety is resistant to the formation of arrows.

For central Russia

For central Russia, the Moscow region, many varieties of sweet onions have been developed. All of them are subdivided into early-maturing mid-maturing and late-maturing.

To date, a considerable number of varieties of sweet onions have been bred, which can be safely grown in central Russia. They are divided into two types:

1. mid-season;
2. late ripening.

Refers to varieties of medium ripeness. You can harvest the crop after 3-3.5 months after planting. By weight, one onion is approximately 35-75 g. The Arzamas variety can be planted using the sevka method. The fruit is round in shape and medium in size. It is well preserved, resistant to various diseases.

Also applies to a mid-season onion variety. The crop can be harvested 3.5 months after planting in the ground. The fruits are round in shape, weighing from 50 to 75 g. The Comet has white scales, fruits with a sweet taste. It is very popular among gardeners, because the bulbs are unpretentious in care and give a good harvest.

This variety gives a late harvest. You can start collecting it only after 4 - 4.5 months after landing in the ground. Fruits are round, medium density. The taste varies from sweet to slightly spicy. It is famous for its increased yield: up to 3 kg of large fruits can be obtained from one square meter.

Unfortunately, Spanish onions are poorly preserved, so it is not recommended to grow them so that they lie.

An old variety, grown by many summer residents. You can plant it by sevka method or use seeds for planting. It is yellowish in color, round in shape. The weight of one onion is approximately 100-120 g. 1 kg of fruit is harvested from one square meter.

The Sima variety is often grown from seed. The color of the bulbs is brown, the fruits are ellipsoidal. This variety belongs to the single-bud. More than 3 kg of vegetable crops can be harvested from one square meter.

It belongs to hybrid, grown from seeds. The color of the onion is dark brown, oval in shape. By weight, one fruit is approximately 85 g. From one square meter, you can get from 2 to 4 kg of harvest.

It is a hybrid early maturing. For cultivation in bad weather conditions, in which severe frosts are possible, it is not recommended. In shape, the fruits resemble an oval, brown bulbs. One fruit can weigh from 100 to 150 g. From one square meter, you can get from 2.5 to 3.5 kg of harvest.

The summer resident talks about how the Candy onion grows, about the methods of growing it.

For different regions

Breeders have developed varieties that are adapted to the conditions of all parts of the country in which vegetables are grown.

There are regionalized species for each region. When choosing a variety that is most suitable for a given region, take into account the peculiarities of weather conditions, moisture, temperature changes.

For Siberia

Traditionally, the native Strigunovsky was grown here. Now - varieties of Dutch selection:

1. Early winter - Siberia F1, Dutch hybrid, with a ripening period of 250-260 days and high winter hardiness. The bulb is juicy, white, tasty with a strong brown husk, which ensures its storage in winter.
2. An early variety of spring planting sevkom - Centurion.
3. Medium early Hercules F1, strong roots, drought tolerant. Bulbs weighing up to 130 grams, with dry, dense husks that preserve it in winter.
4. Mid-season Red Baron.
5. Late - Sturron.

For the Urals

For central Russia

1. Early - Centurion, Carmen.
2. Mid-early Hercules F1.
3. Mid-season Red Baron.
4. Late Sturron, Setton.

For the south of Russia

1. Exible from seeds.
2. Carmen.
3. Red Carmen.

Sweet salad varieties grow well in the south. High-yielding, but with a short shelf life.

Dutch onions have a variety of flavors, are characterized by high yields, are resistant to diseases and most pests. Almost does not give an arrow. Many varieties keep well. The ability to buy ready-made planting material makes the gardener's work easier. If desired, you can plant varieties that grow from seeds in one season.

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Which onion sets to plant before winter?

Growing onions from sets is especially common in cold climates, where sowing seeds and growing seedlings is not practiced. In addition, podzimny sowing gives a number of advantages: the crop ripens earlier, and the onion fly does not harm.

For autumn planting, it is recommended to take small onion sets with a diameter of less than 1 cm. Most of the zoned varieties that you usually plant are also suitable.

Among gardeners, the following varieties of onions are popular for the winter:

• Stuttgarter Riesen (pictured above),
• Esaul,
• Turbo,
• Supra,
• Red Baron,
• Carmen.
• Sturon
• Radar
• Bessonovsky Local,
• Strigunovsky Local,
• Danilovsky 301,
• Arzamas Local,
• Forum,
• Troy,
• Shakespeare.

Basically, these varieties are suitable for the Middle Lane.

Photo: varieties of onion sets for the winter Red Baron and Sturon

What variety of onions to choose for winter planting

See in the video the advice of an experienced gardener on which winter varieties to plant and whether it is possible to plant ordinary onions before winter.

Harvesting and storage of crops

The harvest of winter onions begins to be harvested at the beginning of summer, when the feather of the onion dries up and lies on the ground. By this time, all the nutrients from the feather and roots have passed into the head. The growth of the bulb stops, the integumentary leaves dry out and acquire the color characteristic of the variety.

Onions are harvested in dry, warm weather. To do this, the bulbs are carefully poured in with a small spatula and pulled out of the ground by the feather. After that, the vegetables are laid out in a ventilated place to dry.

Well-dried onions are pruned before being stored. Long roots and dried feathers are removed with scissors, leaving a neck 4-6 cm long. The trimmed onions are dried for another two weeks, after which they are removed to the main storage area.

Before storage, vegetables are carefully sorted out, removing damaged and rotten specimens. Healthy bulbs with dry necks are left for storage.

At home, onions are stored in vegetable baskets, wooden boxes, fabric bags, nylon stockings or nets. All containers must have ventilation openings. For better preservation of vegetables, they are scattered in boxes or bags in a layer of up to 30 cm.

Onions are stored in the basement on shelves or in trays at temperatures from zero to minus 3 degrees with a humidity of 75-90%. During home storage, the optimum temperature is plus 18-22 degrees with a humidity of 50-70%.

On a note!

When storing onions in plastic bags, vegetables quickly become damp and rot.

During storage, the onions are sorted every month, removing rotten vegetables. If the onion is damp, it is carefully sorted out, dried and put into a dry container.

Disadvantages of winter onions

Of course, nothing is perfect, so the winter planting has its drawbacks. They are few, but worth mentioning.

Winter planting onions

1. The yield of winter onions is slightly lower. This is due to the fact that during the cold period, some sets do not withstand winter conditions: temperature extremes, excessive humidity or severe frosts. But now breeders take these factors into account, and there are varieties that survive all these conditions very comfortably.
2. Bulb heads are stored somewhat worse than their spring counterparts.

If we compare the pros and cons of growing this crop in winter, then undoubtedly it is worth sowing winter varieties.