Choosing the timing of planting Exhibishen onions for seedlings in 2020 by the moon

Exhibichen onions are often called gigantic for their impressive fruit sizes. The culture is quite whimsical, but if all the right conditions are provided, it pleases with a rich harvest. Exhibiting onions can be planted in different ways.

Bow Exhibition

One Exhibitive onion can weigh 1 kg

Exhibiting onion has a sweet taste without bitterness

Description of the variety

The Exhibichen onions were bred by the Dutch breeders of BEJO ZADEN B. V. at the end of the 20th century. The variety was included in the State Register of Russia in 2000. He received admission to cultivation in all regions of the country as an annual crop.

Onion Exibishen is grown mainly by the seedling method in the regions of the middle lane, in the North-West, in Siberia and in the Urals. In the southern regions, they practice planting with seeds and sowing in open ground.

The table shows the main characteristics of the variety.

In the photo - Exhibiting bow.

Landing dates

Onion variety Exibishen of Dutch selection. Russian summer residents fell in love with it for its pleasant taste, in which there is almost no bitterness, and large heads. With proper care, the mass of one bulb reaches 600-800 g. The variety is very productive. Exhibishen is grown only by seeds. This variety does not have sevka. To obtain a harvest in early summer, seeds are sown in winter. The phases of the moon help determine the timing of sowing more precisely.

Lunar calendar for 2020

For a bow, auspicious landing days are the dates of the waning of the heavenly body. They can be determined using a special calendar that describes the features of the movement of the moon. It is believed that for vegetable crops, the edible part of which is in the ground, it is the waning phase that is most successful for planting. At this time, all the juices rush to the root system and the fruits develop faster. The waxing moon is suitable for working with plants that bear fruit above the ground.

The table of favorable days for onions in 2020, presented below, will help determine the right time for planting. It also shows the dates when sowing seeds is not desirable. Full Moon and New Moon days are not suitable for sowing or transplanting plants. At this time, only pest control is allowed.

Sowing dates by region

For a more accurate determination of the sowing time, in addition to the recommendations of the lunar calendar, they take into account the peculiarities of the climate in the region. In the southern part of Russia, warmth comes early. Therefore, planting onions for seedlings is possible here already at the end of February. Then, after 2 months, the matured shoots are transplanted into unprotected beds. Since the second half of April in the south of the country, there have been no return frosts.

In the suburbs and in central Russia, the climate is cooler. To obtain seedlings, seeds are sown here in the second decade of March.Then, in the absence of cold weather, already in mid-May, the grown seedlings are moved into open ground.

In the Leningrad region, the weather is cooler, windy and damp than in the Moscow region. Therefore, the right time for sowing seeds comes a week later, in the last days of March. Then in early April sprouts already appear. 2 months after the establishment of heat, the grown onion is transplanted to the beds.

In the Urals and Siberia, Exhibishen onions are planted later than everyone else. It has a harsh climate with long spring and late summer beginning. Therefore, sowing seeds is postponed to the last days of March or early April. The grown seedlings are transplanted to open beds in the first half of June, when warm, summer weather sets in. An earlier transplant provokes the formation of an arrow and the formation of a small bulb.

Important! At a later sowing, the yield of Exhibichen onions grows very modest, since the plant does not have enough heat to form a large head.

In addition to the Exibishen spring onions, you can grow winter ones. To do this, planting is performed before winter. This method produces quick shoots in spring and early harvest. During the winter, the seeds are naturally hardened. Therefore, plants have stronger immunity. Sowing seeds in the ground is performed in late autumn, just before frosts or in their first days.

Advantages and disadvantages of growing through seedlings

The Exibishen variety is grown mainly by the seedling method, which has a number of advantages over direct sowing in the ground.

The seeds have a low percentage of germination (40-45%), and the seedlings quickly take root in a new place, subject to the agrotechnical nuances.

The seedling method allows you to grow heads with the maximum weight.

Seedlings calmly tolerate transplanting even in the absence of an earthen coma on the roots. It is important to keep the main root intact and intact.

The only drawback is that this is a troublesome and labor-intensive method that requires constant attention to the seedlings from the gardener.

Features of soil preparation and seedling containers

The next important step in growing Exhibichen onions through seedlings is the selection of suitable containers, as well as competent soil preparation.

To get a great harvest of this giant onion, the soil must be as nutritious as possible. This will require the following components:

• humus - 9 parts;
• sod land - 10 parts;
• enough rotted mullein - 1 part.

All kinds of boxes, cups or plastic cassettes can be used as the most suitable containers for seedlings.

Before planting seeds, it is recommended to thoroughly treat them with "Fitosporin" - this tool is able to provide the plant with reliable protection against the most common diseases. It should be borne in mind that the processing of onions with "Fitosporin" is possible at any stage of its development.

"Fitosporin" will protect seeds from many diseases

Prepare a mixture from the above ingredients and mix it thoroughly. Then you need to fill a previously prepared container with a mixture and plant seeds in it - it is recommended to plant them quite thickly. The optimum depth to which seeds should be sown is 1.5 centimeters.

It is very important to choose the right type of substrate for sowing seeds. For these purposes, special mixtures may be suitable, which are sold in all gardening shops. You can also use pre-fertilized peat for this.

When all containers are thoroughly filled with a substrate with seeds, they must be covered with glass or polyethylene film, and then placed in a place that is at the same time quite shady and warm.

After one or one and a half weeks, when the very first shoots begin to appear, the glass or plastic wrap used as a covering should be removed.Then fresh young onion sprouts should be transferred to beds that are well covered by sunlight. To grow a high-quality crop, it is necessary to fertilize with an effective mineral fertilizer - this procedure must be repeated every week. To dilute the nutrient solution, you need to use 1 liter of water and 1 gram of fertilizer.

How to grow seedlings

Growing seedlings of the Exibishen variety is a difficult task, but feasible even for a novice gardener, subject to strict adherence to the rules.

Seed preparation

Dutch seeds do not require soaking in disinfecting solutions and germination stimulants, they are already covered with a protective shell. However, for reliability, they are treated with a dark solution of potassium permanganate (1 g per 1 liter of water) for 5-6 hours, maintaining the water temperature at + 40 ° C.

Then the seeds are washed with clean water and spread on damp gauze or a thick layer of paper towels. Cover with a damp cloth or napkin on top and keep in a warm place until sprouts appear, maintaining constant moisture. To stimulate germination, add aloe juice to the water.

Soil

Seedlings are grown in loose, breathable soil. For this purpose, a ready-made substrate from a store is quite suitable.

For self-preparation of the soil mixture, sod land, humus, rotted mullein and river sand (sawdust, onion husks) are used in a ratio of 10: 9: 1. The soil from the garden is preliminarily disinfected by heating in an oven, steaming in a double boiler or spilling with a strong solution of potassium permanganate, copper sulfate, "Fitosporin".

Containers

Exhibiting onion seedlings are grown in narrow and tall cups or black plastic bags without picking. They are available for purchase at gardening stores.

The container can be made independently from thick film. Polyethylene is wound around a toilet paper roll or other suitable object, fixing the edges with tape or a stapler. The bottom is carefully sealed and prepared soil is poured into homemade containers. Then the glasses are put into boxes. This is one of the most optimal ways to prepare containers, allowing you to easily extract seedlings without damaging the root system.

Sowing instructions

In containers filled with important soil, the first batch of germinated seeds is laid out to a depth of 1 cm. Sprinkle on top with a layer of soil 1-1.5 cm and watered abundantly with clean warm water. The rest of the seeds are covered as they hatch.

A plastic wrap is pulled on top or glass is placed to create a greenhouse effect. The boxes are left in a dark room at a temperature of + 20 ... + 25 ° С for 7-10 days.

As soon as the first shoots appear, the shelter is removed, the seedlings are taken out on the windowsill on the south side, but the air temperature should be below - + 14 ... + 17 ° С. It is important to provide the seedlings with sufficient sunlight. If necessary, the seedlings are illuminated with a phytolamp.

Further care

Proper care is the key to getting healthy and strong seedlings:

1. The optimum temperature range is + 10 ... + 22 ° С.
2. The soil is watered daily, adding 1 g of potassium nitrate to 1 liter of water.
3. The room is ventilated once every 3 days.
4. As they grow, the seedlings are supported with homemade props made of wire, wooden skewers and jute. The seedlings should stand upright, without tipping over on their side.
5. Long, drooping feathers are trimmed neatly, leaving at least 10 cm.
6. Two weeks before planting in the ground, the seedlings are taken out to the balcony for hardening.

Onion propagation Exibishen

Since onions are most often not stored until spring, it is quite problematic to get seeds from them. It will rot if left in the ground for the winter.

If you still have small Exhibichen bulbs weighing 150-200 grams, which have already hatched green feathers, then plant them in tall pots with a volume of 1-2 liters, filled with not very nutritious soil: peat soil + rotted sawdust or coconut fiber + sand or vermiculite.The bulb is planted in this soil by 1/3 and watered abundantly, keeping an eye on the soil in the future, which should be constantly wet. It is advisable not to remove the feathers from the bulb and not to weaken the plant. Since the forcing of onions takes place in winter, be sure to do additional lighting. With the onset of warmth, you can plant such a bow in a greenhouse or on a separate bed.

Make sure that the peduncle does not break

It is important that other flowering onion varieties do not grow nearby, as they can become dusty, and you will no longer get Exhibit, but a new unique variety.

By the end of summer, the ripe seeds are ready to be harvested.

Landing in open ground

In open ground, seedlings are transferred in the first decade of May. The site is chosen on the sunny side of the garden - Exhibichen loves the sun.

The ideal soil is loose, breathable, saturated with nutrients, with a neutral or slightly acidic reaction (pH = 6.5-7.5).

The soil is not fertilized with fresh manure, otherwise the pulp will be too soft, watery and tasteless. In autumn, the soil is plowed, plant residues are removed and fed with a mixture of 2 buckets of humus, 50 g of superphosphate, 2 liters of wood ash per 1 m². In the spring, the site is loosened, leveled and spilled with Fitosporin solution.

The holes are formed with a finger to a depth of 2.5-3 cm.The planting pattern is 20 × 30 cm.

The plantings are covered with agrofibre or a temporary greenhouse is installed to protect them from night frosts in May.

Seedling preparation stages

The first step is to properly prepare the seedlings. For these purposes, it is recommended to sow onions at the very beginning of spring or late winter.

The main stages of preparation are as follows:

• Selected Exibishen onion seeds are soaked in warm water.
• After a few hours, the seeds are wrapped in a slightly damp cloth - in this position they should stay for another 2-3 days.
• Then you need to degrease the seeds - for these purposes, it is recommended to use a potassium permanganate solution prepared from 1 gram of powder and 1 liter of water. The seeds should stay in the solution for at least eight hours at temperatures up to forty degrees.

Care

Exhibiting onion care rules:

1. Moderate watering. The plant does not tolerate both excess and deficiency of moisture. Watering frequency is 2 times a week in moderate weather and 3-4 times during drought. At the end of July, watering is completely stopped.
2. Mulching the soil. Covering row spacings with straw, hay, sawdust, dry leaves, pine needles, moss, peat retains moisture in the soil and inhibits the growth of weeds.
3. Loosening and weeding. After each rain and watering, it is recommended to loosen the earth crust to improve aeration of the underground part. Weeds are harvested as they grow, preventing rooting. Mulching reduces labor costs.
4. Top dressing. A plot with onion plantings is fertilized once every 2 weeks using a solution of mullein (1:10) or urea (10 g per 10 L of water).

Growing errors

Most often, when growing Exibishen onions, novice vegetable growers make the following mistakes:

• the treatment of seed and seedlings with drugs against fungal diseases is neglected;
• sowing time is incorrectly calculated;
• do not soak seeds before sowing or shorten processing time.

Also, the lack of fertilizing and a lack of moisture leads to a low yield and a small size of bulbs. Many growers, on the other hand, overfeed the plants and flood the soil too much. As a result, plant immunity decreases, rot and other diseases develop. Often, due to improper care, the crop dies.

It is not difficult to grow Exhibishen onion seedlings from seeds. When choosing a sowing date, take into account the peculiarities of the climate in the growing region. For a more accurate time determination, use the Lunar calendar. Grown plants are well cared for in order to get a rich harvest.

Diseases and pests

The most common onion diseases:

1. Rot - a disease of a fungal nature, which is difficult to determine at the initial stage of development. Fungi first infect the bottom, white rot develops on it. Then the infection gets inside the bulb, softening its structure. The growth of the plant stops, the leaves fall on the ground. There is no cure for the disease. Affected bulbs are destroyed.
2. Smut appears as translucent silvery stripes on leaves. If the affected parts are removed in time, the spread of the disease can be stopped. There is no specific treatment. Onions are planted again in the same place after 4-5 years.
3. The stem nematode eats the bulbs from the inside. The main symptom of infection is twisted, yellow leaves. The underground part rots and cracks. Affected plants are completely removed from the site and burned. To prevent the spread of the pest, the soil is treated with slaked lime and healthy material is planted. It is undesirable to use chemical preparations for processing plants because of the risk of poisoning. Traditional methods are ineffective.
4. Onion fly lays eggs in the ground and on scales. The larvae do the greatest harm. They feed on plant tissue, softening the structure of the bulb. The ground part turns yellow and dries. The pest becomes more active in May - June. To combat adults and larvae, plantings are powdered with tobacco dust, black or red ground pepper. Calendula, tansy, marigolds, nasturtium, geranium, lavender, pyrethrum, petunia, carrots are planted next to the onions. The smell of these plants repels insects. Once a week, the onion is poured with saline (200 g of salt per 10 liters of water).

Prevention measures for fungal diseases and insect attacks:

• crop rotation;
• soil treatment with "Fitosporin", copper sulfate, potassium permanganate;
• planting healthy material;
• weeding;
• normalization of moisture level.

Mistakes of novice gardeners

When planting Exhibiting onions, summer residents often do not get the long-awaited result. This is due to the violation of agrotechnical rules. What you need to pay attention to when planting this variety:

1. Onions must not be planted for 4 years in the place where the infected crops grew.
2. Seeds are best purchased from trusted suppliers. Since they guarantee quality and 100% germination.
3. Once a month, carry out preventive measures against diseases. During the growth period, chemical preparations can be used; at the stage of bulb formation, it is better to resort to folk remedies.
4. Dry the harvested crop on a tarp or sacking. If the bulbs lie on the ground, they can be damaged by ground insect pests.

Harvesting

The Exibishen onion ripens approximately 120-130 days after full germination. The harvest time depends on the growing region. In the south, onions ripen by the end of July, in the regions of the middle zone - at the beginning of August, in Siberia and the Urals, harvesting begins in mid-August.

A sure sign that the onion is ready for harvest is dry, fallen leaves. At the same time, the root system dies off. It is important not to leave ripe onions in the soil for a long time - the heads will re-root in moist soil, which significantly reduces the already short shelf life.

Important! To obtain large heads, it is strictly forbidden to cut green leaves.

Onions are harvested in sunny and dry weather, pulling the heads out of the ground, digging in with a pitchfork or a shovel. The bulbs are cleaned, the roots are cut off and laid out on nets for drying, ripening and disinfection in the sun.

In rainy weather, the crop is dried under a canopy, in an attic or shed for 10-12 days.

After drying, the heads are sorted out: the damaged ones are not stored, but consumed immediately, clean and healthy ones are sorted by size and laid out in nets, wooden boxes, boxes. It is convenient to weave the bulbs into braids and store them hanging. So each of them will be in sight.

Temperature range:

1. The cold storage method provides for maintaining the temperature in the storage in the range of -3 ° C ... 0 ° C. In such conditions, the crop is stored the longest.
2. Warm storage method involves maintaining the temperature + 18 ° C ... + 22 ° C, humidity - 60-70%.
3. With the combined method, the temperature is maintained at + 18 ° C ... + 22 ° C in autumn, -3 ° C ... 0 ° C in winter. This is the most cost-effective way in terms of energy consumption.

Harvesting and storage

Onions are harvested, like other varieties - when the greens are laid down. Later it is impossible, otherwise the heads may take root. The fruits are dried in the sun, then removed to a dark and dry place. After the neck becomes thin and dry, remove the husk and store at a temperature of +5 ° C.

Exibishen onion is a high-yielding crop that many summer residents want to grow. You can get an excellent result after sowing only with strict adherence to all the rules of agricultural technology.

Organization of care for bulbous seedlings

With proper care, seedlings are strong and healthy. It consists of the following points:

• ensuring regular airing of the premises where the seedlings grow;
• moderate regular watering;
• maintaining a suitable temperature regime.

The temperature in the room where the containers with seedlings are located will need to be maintained at the level:

• + 20 ° С - before the sprouts hatch;
• from + 17 ° С to + 20 ° С (during the day) - when the leaves appear.

Watering and optimal humidity

Watering the seedlings of Exhibition onions is required in moderation, using settled warm water for this purpose. There is also a need when growing seedlings in the organization of systematic irrigation.

Sowing rules for growing in one season

To grow Exibishen onions in 1 season, you need to know some of the rules for growing it. Onions require special care, timely watering and feeding.

Important! Growing onions using the seedling method and properly caring for them, you can get heads weighing 800 g or more. Onions sown outdoors are much smaller.

Soil preparation

You can buy soil for growing seedlings at a garden store or prepare your own. To do this, take:

• Sod land - 5 kg.
• Coconut substrate - 1 briquette.
• Humus - 3 kg.
• Topf - 3 kg.
• Vermiculite - 0.2 kg.
• Coarse sand - 2 kg.

A briquette of coconut substrate must be soaked in 3 liters of water, then add peat, humus, vermiculite (sand) and leafy soil.

Instead of this mixture, you can make a substrate from:

• 2 parts of sand;
• 1 part humus;
• 1 piece of leafy land.

All components are mixed well and poured over with hot water. It is also recommended to pour a solution of potassium permanganate for disinfection.

Seed preparation

In addition to the soil, the seed is also prepared.

There is no need to process seeds that were purchased from a reliable producer. This nigella is already calibrated, treated with fungicides and gives good germination.

Seeds collected on their own must be held at 8 hours in a solution of potassium permanganate, which is made at the rate of 1 g of the product per 1 liter of warm water. Next, the seeds are transferred to gauze folded in several layers and sent to warm water for 5 hours. After this time, the seed, together with gauze, is left in a dark, warm place for 3 days to swell. The main thing is to make sure that the gauze is always wet.

Sowing

For sowing seedlings, you can use plastic cups, boxes or cassettes. Sowing is also carried out in snails or on toilet paper.

After the seeds have swollen, furrows are made in a common container at intervals of 2 cm from each other. Seeds are laid to a depth of 1 cm with an interval of 1-2 cm from each other. Next, the crops are sprinkled with a thin layer of soil and sprayed with water from a spray bottle, which is heated to 60 degrees.

When sowing, one seed is placed in separate cups in each container.

The containers are covered with foil or glass to create a greenhouse effect and left in a warm place for germination. When the right conditions are created, seedlings will appear in 3-5 days.

In snails

Experienced gardeners grow Exhibichen onions in snails, which you can independently make from a substrate for laminate flooring. This is a very convenient method, and the snails take up little space and not much soil is wasted.

In snails, a greenhouse effect is created, due to which the seeds germinate well.

Watch the video! We plant onions with seeds in a snail! An excellent proven way!

On toilet paper

Also, some gardeners sow Exhibitive onion seeds on toilet paper. It is cut into strips 3 cm wide. A paste is prepared in advance. During the seeding procedure, it must be cold. For 1 glass of water, take 2 teaspoons of starch, stir everything well and bring it to thicken over the fire. The main thing is to make sure that the paste does not boil. After it cools down, it is applied to the paper with a toothpick in small drops, leaving a distance of at least 5 cm between them. The seed is immersed in droplets of paste. They can be fed with fertilizer.

After the toilet paper strips are dry, they are rolled into rolls and placed in plastic bags. Gardeners like this method due to the fact that during the growing season it is not necessary to weed the onions. Seed consumption is also reduced. They germinate within 10 days. It is necessary to maintain the temperature in the room within the range of 20-25 ℃. After the mass germination of seeds, the temperature is lowered to 15 degrees so that the seedlings do not stretch out. Containers with landings can be taken out to the loggia. Once a day, the seedlings are opened for airing. The containers are installed in a well-lit place. Top dressing of onions is carried out every 10 days with organic and mineral fertilizers alternately.

When to plant for seedlings, sowing dates

Exhibiting onion seeds can be sown for seedlings from late February to early April. It all depends on the region of cultivation. The warmer the climate in the area, the earlier the seeds can be sown.

In outskirts of Moscow

In the Moscow region, seeds are sown at the end of February and in March. With early sowing, the first time of planting should be kept under temporary shelter.

In the Urals, in Siberia

In the Urals and Siberia, sowing seeds is carried out 15 days later, that is, in March and until April 15.

Favorable days for sowing onion seeds are best chosen by lunar sowing calendar.