Sweet bell pepper: description and characteristics of the 19 best varieties in terms of ripening + Reviews

Vegetable growing »Pepper

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The Zorka pepper variety is one of the most popular sweet varieties. Zorka pepper is appreciated for its excellent taste and high yield.

Characteristics of the Zorka pepper variety

Characteristics of the variety

The egg-capsule is an early-maturing variety of bell pepper for cultivation in the open field and in greenhouse conditions. The bush is high (1 - 1.2 m), has a spreading shape. Ripe fruits are cone-shaped, large, at the stage of ripeness they acquire a dark red color and a shiny skin. Fruits reach a weight of 240–250 g and are perfect for eating in any form: both fresh and pickled. With proper care and attention, up to 6 kg of juicy and bright fruits can be harvested from each bush.

Description of the crop

The seed from which the Goliath spice is grown is quite expensive. However, the cost pays off well, because as a result, vegetable growers harvest much more crops than those of simple popular varieties. On average, it is allowed to remove up to 12 peppers from each bush.

Gardeners who grew this vegetable crop on top of their plots describe the harvest as follows:

1. Pomona gifts have the shape of a cone, reach 6 centimeters in diameter and 14 centimeters in length.
2. The weight of each pepper is 130-160 grams.
3. The wall thickness is average - 7-8 millimeters, as a result of which vegetables can be stored frozen for quite a long time. Without taking this into account, the thickness of the walls allows the fruit to be transported over long distances, the presence of which they do not lose their commercial characteristics. The shelf life in the nets is 14-21 periods.
4. At the stage of technical maturity, the peppers are colored green. Reaching a state of biological ripeness, they acquire a colorful red color with a whitish waxy bloom.
5. The plant bears fruit for a long time and stably. When the fruits are removed before the onset of biological ripeness, they gradually turn red before the New Year holidays.

Seed preparation before sowing

Seeds are sown at the end of February, approximately 70 days before the intended planting of seedlings in a permanent place. Soak the seeds for 2 days in warm water, then it is useful to hold them for several hours in a weak solution of potassium permanganate and rinse with running water. Pour soil into small containers and sprinkle with water. Pour the pre-soaked seeds and cover with dry earth in a layer of 1 cm. Place the containers in a sunny, well-lit place at a temperature of 27-28 ° C. It is advisable to cover the containers with transparent material to accelerate seed germination, which sometimes needs to be removed for airing. On the third day of the emergence of sprouts, the transparent material is completely removed, since the accumulated condensate can cause plant diseases.

Care

There are certain rules for caring for the Kubyshka variety.

Care before planting

Even someone who has never planted peppers can cope with planting a capsule. Seeds should be prepared 65 days before planting. Before planting, the seeds should be soaked in a solution of water and minerals. After they are dry, you can begin to deepen. The distance between each seed should be 2 cm, and you should also sow no deeper than 2.5 cm. The best temperature for growing seeds is 26 ° C.It is recommended not to transplant the egg capsule, as this negatively affects further growth. After the seeds are buried, they need to be watered a little with water.

Care after landing

The Kubyshka variety is liked by gardeners because it does not require special care after planting. The main thing is to water the bush on time and feed it. Watering the bell pepper should be done when the soil is dry, so that it is moist as often as possible, but so that the liquid does not stagnate at the roots. For feeding, it is good to use a solution of water and urea (1 liter of water for half a teaspoon of urea). It is better to reproduce top dressing 3 times a month. In the process of growth of the Kubysh, you need to keep the area clean: destroy weeds, remove dirt, and more.

Dive seedlings

At the end of April, when the first leaves begin to appear on the shoots, the seedlings must be transplanted in containers with a volume of up to 0.5 liters. The root at this time has the shape of a rod and will be able to transfer the "move" to a new place well. From the former place, the sprouts are taken out with clods of earth and transplanted into new soil. Watered with caution - in the case of the pepper capsule, it is better not to add water to the soil than to water it.

It is useful to harden the seedlings 3 weeks after the dive - for this, the containers can be taken out for several hours in the open air. And just before landing in open ground, it can be left even overnight.

Possible diseases of pepper "Kubyshka"

Providing favorable conditions for the preparation of seeds, seedlings, soil are the key to a successful and rich harvest. But it so happens that the plant can be exposed to various diseases and pests. Unfortunately, Kubyshka pepper is no exception. Knowing the enemy in person, you can skillfully fight him and prevent the death of the plant or the spoilage of the fruit.

One of the most common and destructive enemies of any bell pepper is late blight. The signs of this disease are black spots on the fruits, which quickly become compacted and increase in size. In order to prevent the disease, you should use means of the Zaslon and Barrier type.

Stolbur disease is characterized by yellowing of plants, small fruits, dwarf bushes. It should be noted that insects are carriers of this disease and infect neighboring plants. To combat the disease, you should more often loosen the ground and weed the beds.

Bronze is distinguished by yellow dead areas on leaves and fruits. In order to prevent infection of the remaining bushes, healthy bushes should be sprayed with Fundazol, and diseased plants are destroyed, the fruits are cut off.

Rot on peppers, which is located at the top of the fruit, appears due to a lack of nutrients in the soil, as well as an insufficient amount of moisture. Spoiled fruits are plucked, and healthy ones are sprayed with a solution of nitrate. White and gray rot affects the fruit of the pepper. The fight against these diseases is the preliminary spraying of the bushes with fungicides.

Light spots on leaves that deform as the disease progresses is a sign of a disease such as mosaic disease. At the same time, the fruits are covered with yellow spots. The fight against this ailment is the disinfection of the seeds before planting. Sprouted shoots are watered with a solution of water and milk, at a concentration of 1 to 10.

Planting seedlings in open ground

Grown seedlings are planted in May in open ground only with full confidence that the frosts have already irrevocably gone. If the weather is cold, the planted seedlings are covered with foil. For 1 sq. meter of the garden is placed 4 - 6 plants, but you do not need to bury the bushes in the soil. Before planting, the soil must be fertilized with humus and loosened well.

Advantages and disadvantages

Gardeners choose a variety for planting due to the following positive characteristics:

1. Pepper Capsule is immune to deteriorating weather conditions.
2. Crop yield at the level of the latest hybrids - from 6 kg / m2.
3. The vegetable has time to ripen before the onset of a steady cold snap.
4. The fruits are attractive by their taste.
5. Pepper does not spoil during transportation.
6. The vegetable is applicable for many types of culinary processing.

Of the negative properties of the variety, they note:

• the plant is susceptible to diseases of the nightshade;
• pepper needs to be shaped, tied up.

Pests of bell pepper and methods of dealing with them

Like any other crop, bell peppers suffer from pests. Let's consider the most common ones:

• The Colorado potato beetle is the vegetable's most dangerous enemy. To get rid of it, an infusion of celandine is sprayed onto the bushes, and pests are also collected by hand.
• Naked slugs do huge damage to the plant. To prevent their appearance, parsley is planted between the rows of peppers. If slugs appear, sprinkle the pepper bushes with dry mustard and collect the slugs by hand.
• The spider mite will go away if you spray the pepper bushes with a solution of onion juice, chopped garlic and liquid soap.
• Aphids are the most common pest in pepper. You can get rid of it with insecticides.

Description of the plant

Goliath is a mid-season hybrid variety. Autochor is powerful, compact. The ripening period is from 70 to 75 days from the moment the seedlings are planted. Thanks to the strong leaf apparatus, the plant is protected from sunlight, which can burn it.

At the bush, clean well-developed roots that are located close to the surface of the soil. For this reason, when loosening, care must be taken to avoid damage to the root system.

Dark green leaves grow on the bush. The device of the ovary is carried out after seven to nine leaves, and the subsequent ones - every two to three knots.

Disease resistance

The egg capsule has no genetic resistance to diseases typical of nightshades. In order to reduce the risk of plant damage, it is necessary:

• observe crop rotation (do not plant after tomatoes, potatoes and other nightshades);
• when grown in greenhouses, regularly ventilate;
• spray the bushes 2-3 times per season with biofungicides;
• immediately remove weeds when they appear, prevent waterlogging of the soil.

The gardener should regularly inspect the bushes for pests. They not only harm plants in themselves, but are also often carriers of diseases that are dangerous to vegetable crops.

Marquis

“Marquis”- one of the best early maturing hybrids with purple fruits. It can be grown both in greenhouses and in open beds. Semi-spreading bushes have a height of within 90 centimeters. One bush is capable of bearing up to 13 fruits. The growing season lasts for 100-108 days. A cuboid vegetable can reach a maximum weight of 150 grams, and its wall thickness is about 0.8 cm. The taste of pepper is very juicy with a pronounced sweet taste. It is also worth noting that this variety is resistant to the tobacco mosaic virus.

Testimonials

Many gardeners leave positive reviews about the variety. For example, Anna from Zhigulevsk wrote that she liked the taste and aroma of the fruit. Oksana from Voronezh noted: the pepper has successfully survived the nighttime cold snaps, an abundance of rain and wind. Ilya from Kazan said: the plant did not die after sudden frosts, it is undemanding to care, it has a high yield. The summer resident from Kurchatov was pleased with the fruits. They formed thick-walled, juicy.

Some gardeners have complained about poor seed germination. However, this information is questioned by many experienced growers. They suggest a violation of the pre-planting material preparation scheme.

Pepper Kubyshka has many positive qualities.The vegetable is easy to grow, it is able to withstand a significant cold snap. However, in order to preserve the harvest, the farmer needs to pay attention to the prevention of diseases.

Planting dates and features of agricultural technology

The timing of sowing seeds for seedlings for the greenhouse is from 20 to 28 February, for open ground - from 1 to 10 March. Peppers are planted under film shelters in early to mid-May, in a vegetable garden - from May 25 to June 10, depending on the weather conditions in the region.

When planting in the ground, 50-70 cm is left between the rows, the distance between the plants should be 35-40 cm, the plants must be tied to the supports.

To obtain a higher yield, the pepper capsule can be formed into 2-3 stalks. Formation is carried out when the plant reaches a height of at least 25 cm.

At the bottom of the stem, remove all unnecessary stepsons and leaves. This improves air circulation between the bushes, and reduces the risk of developing fungal diseases.

Like all varieties of sweet peppers, Capsule loves moisture, warmth, airy soils, and feeding. Care consists in regular watering, weeding and loosening the soil, fertilizing up to 2-3 times per season.

General form

Zorka pepper can be called one of the most popular varieties. The variety is successfully grown by gardeners in various regions of Russia. Pepper is valuable for its resistance to the vagaries of the weather and high yield.

The plant looks like this:

1. Semi-spreading bush up to 50 cm high.
2. Leaves are medium in size, green, with barely visible wrinkles. There are few plates along the stem.
3. Flowers of the usual culture of the kind.
4. 10-15 ovaries are formed on 1 plant.
5. The fruits are drooping. The shape approaches the prism.
6. The skin is smooth, glossy.
7. The average weight is 130 g. With enhanced agricultural technology, specimens up to 200 g are obtained.
8. At the initial stage of ripening, the pepper is milky yellow. Fully ripe - bright red (pictured).
9. The taste of the fruit was highly appreciated by the tasters. Pepper is used universally in the kitchen.

Landing

The sowing period lasts from February to March. During this time, you need to have time to prepare and sow seeds in the nutrient soil. Seed material is soaked for disinfection in potassium permanganate, in biological products. For germination for a couple of days, the grains are laid out on a moistened breathing cloth, wrapped and covered with a film.

The moisture content of the fabric is regularly checked, if necessary, it is moistened with warm water.

From 3 days, polyethylene is removed so that the seeds do not rot. The temperature regime is maintained at the level of 26-28 degrees. The boxes are filled with a loose fertilized substrate, which is made up of turf, compost, vermicompost. For 10 kg of the mixture, 30 g of a phosphorus-potassium supplement is required. The earth is also disinfected by freezing or calcining. You can use Bordeaux liquid, Fitosporin, potassium permanganate.

Seeds are laid out in grooves with a step of 4 cm, the depth of which is up to 1 cm. Before germination, micro greenhouse conditions are created, for this they maintain 20-25 degrees Celsius, and humidity 60-70%.

When the seedlings have 2 leaves each, a pick is made into separate cups. Be sure to monitor watering, use water at room temperature.

Before planting on permanent sites, the bushes are hardened. To do this, the seedlings are exposed on the balcony from 15-20 minutes to 5-6 hours (after 7-10 days).

60-70 day old plants are moved to the beds. Up to 3-4 bushes are planted per 1 m2, taking into account their further powerful growth. The predecessors for pepper will be:

• pumpkin and zucchini;
• cucumbers and melons;
• onion and garlic;
• greens and celery;
• legumes;
• onions and beets.

Pests and diseases of the Goliath variety

In comparison with varietal plants, which are often unable to cope with diseases, the price of these seeds corresponds to the investment in fertilizers and plant protection products. At the same time, breeding seeds are reliably protected from the tobacco mosaic virus, widespread in recent years, bacterial spotting and cancer, Alternaria, late blight, gray rot and black leg.

For additional protection against pests, basil is planted in the aisles. The shrub is a friend of the nightshade crop, secreting substances that stimulate growth.

The greatest danger to pepper bushes is slugs. In cloudy and rainy weather, they love to feast on the fruits of the culture. To combat slugs, leaves and stems are powdered with wood ash.