Talkers: how to cook, description, photos, taste

Types of smoky rowing, appearance

Smoky talker (smoky ryadovka) has the following varieties:

• Orange (kokoshka, false chanterelle). It has a convex yellow cap with a diameter of 2-7 cm, which turns pale as it grows and turns into a funnel. The mushroom has bright plates, the leg is 2-7 cm high. The hats can be eaten.
• Waxy. This poisonous mushroom is distinguished by a bulging light gray cap in young mushrooms, which is depressed during maturation. There is a knoll in the center of it. Smooth dark-white leg at the wax pile widens downward, at the top it is smooth, pubescent at the bottom. Produces an unpleasant odor. These mushrooms often grow in places where nettles accumulate, which is why they are also called subchives.
• Giant. This edible mushroom has a silky white bulging cap with a diameter of 12-31 cm. It becomes funnel-shaped over time. The white leg reaches a height of 12 cm and 2 cm in diameter.
• Funnel-shaped. The hats of this talker are brown-yellow, sometimes light purple, dry, 9 cm in diameter with a tubercle in the center. Thin leg 7-9 cm long.
• Bent. The dark yellow convex cap has a diameter of 11-21 cm. Over time, it turns into a funnel with a bump in the middle. The mushroom has white or yellow-pink plates. The leg is 11-21 cm high and 1-4 cm thick.
• Cracking. This poisonous mushroom has a creamy bulging cap with a diameter of 4-7 cm, which cracks over time and takes on a reddish tint. His plates are red-white or cream. Leg height 2-6 cm, diameter 0.6-1 cm.
• Clubfoot. This conditionally edible (cannot be consumed with alcoholic beverages) talker has a bulging brown hat 9 cm in diameter. Over time, it becomes flat. Gray-brown leg up to 9 cm high from below covered with bloom.

You learned about such a mushroom as the smoky ryadovka, the material from this article is for informational purposes. More detailed information can be found in special illustrated reference books.

Description

Hat

The average size is from 10 to 15 centimeters, but especially large specimens grow up to 25 centimeters. The form at the beginning of growth is hemispherical, closed. As it grows, it becomes semi-spread, convex, in the old mushroom it becomes spread-flat.

The structure of the cap is fleshy, rather thick. The edges of the cap are tucked inward, and this feature of the shape remains in the adult mushroom. The skin color is gray, with an ashy tint, sometimes giving off yellowness. On the surface of the skin there is a powdery coating, which gives the color a smoky appearance.

Spore-bearing layer

Lamellar. The plates are small, often located, adherent with teeth to the pedicle. The color of the lamellar layer is white; as the fungus ages, it acquires a creamy hue. Spore powder of creamy white color.

Leg

Cylindrical, with a thickening at the base, near the ground, and a slight narrowing in the upper part, at the cap. Sometimes, in large mushrooms, it is clavate.
The leg is smooth to the touch, with a velvety texture that disappears with the aging of the mushroom. Often the age of a mushroom can be determined by how much different forest debris has adhered to the leg of the smoky row.

The older the mushroom, the cleaner its leg. The leg grows in height up to 10 centimeters in height, it can be quite thick, about 3 centimeters in diameter.

Pulp

Fibrous structure, rather loose, with aging of the fungus, the friability increases and the pulp becomes cottony. The flesh of the leg is looser than that of the cap, where the flesh is more or less dense. In a gray talker, the pulp can gain a large amount of moisture in wet weather due to its porous structure. On a break or cut, the pulp does not change color, the taste of the pulp is neutral, the smell is characteristic, reminiscent of a flower.

Where, when and how it grows

Smoky ryadovka mushrooms (Latin Clitocybe Nebularis) are common throughout the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere. They can be found in such places:

• mixed or coniferous forests;
• edges;
• glades;
• next to rotting wood;
• along the paths.

Talkers grow in groups in rows. Sometimes the growing places look like "witch circles". They are collected from August to November. Most often, the legs are not used, but are stocked only with a gray hat.

Mushrooms with vegetables and rice

To prepare this dish for 1 kg of talkers, you need to take 1 liter of meat broth, 200 g of rice, 100 g of hard cheese, 200 g of tomatoes, 100 g of green peas, 2 pieces of onions and bell peppers, 2-3 cloves of garlic, fresh parsley, a little butter and vegetable oil for frying, spices, salt.

Preparation:

1. Boil the mushrooms, put them in a colander, add a little salt and fry in a pan in oil.
2. Chop the onion and garlic, fry separately in another pan, then combine them with the mushrooms and simmer all together for about 5-7 minutes.
3. Then transfer the contents of the pan to the pan, add the rice and pour over the broth. Then put green peas and tomatoes and peppers cut in any way there. Cook all this until the rice is ready.
4. When the dish is ready, add grated cheese, fresh parsley, butter and spices to the pan.

There are many other recipes for mushroom dishes, in which the talker is perfect as the main ingredient. You just need to learn how to correctly identify it among forest gifts and do not forget about preliminary boiling.

Application

Smoky ryadovka is used with caution, in compliance with all safety measures. Usually gray, orange, brown or yellow caps are harvested, ignoring the stems.

In cooking

The gray talker (serushka) is used for cooking. Before cooking, boil them first. It should be remembered that the volume of young mushrooms during cooking can be reduced by 5 times. Some species have aniseed scent. And Crimean varieties are valued for their taste, as they smell good. Mushroom ryadovka smoky is used to prepare the following dishes:

• soups;
• salads, vinaigrette;
• caviar;
• fried and stewed dishes from mushrooms, vegetables, meat;
• pickled seaming for the winter.

In medicine

Mushroom ryadovka smoky gray, photos and descriptions you will find in this article, is used to prepare medicines and have a beneficial effect on the human body. These mushrooms are used for:

• treatment of tuberculosis;
• healing wounds;
• removal of heavy metals and toxins from the body;
• recovery after severe illnesses;
• cleansing the body;
• improving the digestive tract;
• healing wounds;
• epilepsy treatment;
• diet food;
• to provide an antibacterial effect.

Poisonous and false mushrooms are not used in either alternative or traditional medicine.

Advantages and disadvantages of the gray talker

The gray talker (smoky) is found in the forest until late autumn, often in significant quantities.

The mushroom has very characteristic features (appearance, smell). It has no resemblance to poisonous and inedible mushrooms.

The gray talker needs preliminary boiling with the obligatory draining of the broth. When boiled, the smell intensifies, becoming unpleasant. This can make the mushroom cooking process uncomfortable.

And also a gray talker - a medicinal mushroom. The antibiotic nebularin, named after the species name of the fungus, was found in fresh fruiting bodies.

Nebularin suppresses the development of Koch's bacillus (the causative agent of tuberculosis), as well as pathogenic fungi. Probably, it is the presence of nebularin that makes it necessary to boil these mushrooms for consumption.

The gray talker also has antitumor activity.

Interested in the medicinal properties of mushrooms? I can recommend the excellent book of the Moscow mycologist Mikhail Vishnevsky "Medicinal mushrooms".

But collecting a gray talker near highways or industrial zones is simply dangerous. The fungus actively accumulates heavy metals.

However, this applies to any mushrooms.

Best regards, Alexander Silivanov

Harm and contraindications

Despite the fact that the smoky ryadovka is a useful mushroom, there are a number of contraindications and restrictions:

• It is forbidden to collect rows along railways, busy highways, at factories and in places with poor ecology. This mushroom well absorbs harmful substances and toxins from the air in large quantities.
• You can not use ryadovki before bedtime.
• It is not recommended to use ryadovki in food for chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
• Some types of talkers become poisonous when consumed with alcoholic beverages.

You can not eat inedible types of talkers. Signs of poisoning may include the following:

• nausea, abdominal cramps, vomiting;
• weakness, loss of strength;
• chills;
• lowering blood pressure;
• inhibition of thinking;
• increased sweating.

If a person has one or more of these symptoms after eating mushrooms, an ambulance should be called. Before the arrival of doctors, it is necessary to rinse the stomach and give sorbents.

Beneficial features

Mushroom improves digestion

Ryadovka has an excellent biochemical composition:

• a lot of fiber;
• a combination of different types of protein;
• the presence of vitamins, minerals (micro and macro elements).

So, representatives of the gray talker species have a positive effect on the digestive system, affect the immune system, prevent the development of diseases, help fight the development of tumors, cleanse the human body of harmful substances and salts accumulated in the body.

Ryadovka gray refers to foods with a low amount of calories, therefore, it is excellent for dietary nutrition, vegetarians often use them due to their composition.

Talkers do not recommend eating before going to bed, it is forbidden to collect them (as well as any other edible mushrooms) near the tracks and plants due to the fact that they accumulate toxins and harmful substances in their fruit bodies.

How to distinguish edible from inedible

In order to collect smoky ryadovki mushrooms, the photo and description should be carefully studied. Another danger of these mushrooms is that they are similar to many edible mushrooms. Therefore, if you have doubts about a particular mushroom when collecting, it is better to completely abandon it.

Experienced mushroom pickers are advised to carefully look at the base of the leg. In edible species, a milky liquid is secreted there. Poisonous mushrooms can smell unpleasant and are not attacked by pests.

Possible harm from the fungus

When raw mushrooms are eaten or improperly cooked, severe digestive disorders occur, accompanied by diarrhea, dizziness, vomiting and weakness.

• The gray talker is contraindicated for children, and an adult cannot eat these mushrooms in such cases:
• pregnancy and lactation;
• diarrhea;
• increased intestinal irritability;
• violations of the acidity of the gastrointestinal tract.

If symptoms of mushroom poisoning appear, you should immediately consult a doctor.Smoky talker can become a tasty and healthy addition to the diet, if properly prepared and excluded from possible contraindications. Having carefully studied the information presented in the article, you can accurately distinguish this mushroom from other species, competently carry out its heat treatment and eat the product without negative consequences for the body.

Nutritional value and chemical composition

The calorie content of talker mushrooms is 19 kcal per 100 g.

The composition of the row is made up of the following substances:

• alimentary fiber;
• ash;
• water;
• ascorbic acid;
• B vitamins;
• tocopherol;
• calciferol;
• mineral components: selenium, iron, calcium, magnesium, manganese, zinc, sodium, copper, iron, potassium, phosphorus.