Obabok obabku - strife
The culinary qualities of the mushroom are impeccable, and you can find it almost throughout Russia in birch or mixed forests from May to October.
The boletus mushroom, or as it is also called, the boletus has several types. They are all edible, but differ slightly in taste.
When are pickled birch trees
In a warm rainy summer, the first stumps can be found in the forest closer to the end of June, but the main, first wave of development of fruiting bodies occurs in July, and lasts a whole month. This is followed by a long pause in fruiting, until mid or late September. Autumn mushrooms can be harvested throughout the fall, until the onset of cold nights. When the air temperature drops below + 10 ° C, the mycelium will stop developing the aboveground part, which means that the collection of brown birch trees will end this season.
Common boletus
The cap of this mushroom is brown, sometimes with a brown or red tint.
This largely depends on the place where it grows. The leg is juicy, hard with black scales, thickened near the ground.
Marsh birch
This type of fungus grows in very moist soils. Color - light gray or dark yellow.
Boletus harsh
The cap of the harsh boletus is either gray or brown or purple. In old mushrooms, it is smooth, and in young specimens it is scaly. The leg is flat, white with a brown tint at the ground.
The mushroom has a very bright smell, and the dishes made from it have a sweet aftertaste. With mechanical action on fresh pulp, it quickly darkens.
The difference between a boletus and a boletus
There are mushrooms very similar to boletus and these are aspen mushrooms. They are united by belonging to the same genus, some external resemblance, the absence of toxic substances in the pulp, a similar processing and cooking technology. Boletus can also be found in birch forests, as it is capable of forming mycorrhiza equally with both coniferous and deciduous tree species.
Important! One of the most important rules of the mushroom picker is that if there is the slightest doubt about the edibility, the mushroom is simply "not taken" into the basket when passing by.
He has an orange, yellow or reddish-brown hat, which differs from the brown birch, to the main colors of which all shades of gray are mixed. But the method of difference in the color scale of the hat coloration is also rather arbitrary, since some varieties of both mushrooms have the same color (for example, the marsh blackhead (Leccinum holopus) and the white boletus (Leccinum percandidum)).
At the slightest damage, the legs of boletus boletuses immediately become covered with black-violet "bruises", and if spots appear in boletus boletuses, they initially become pink, and only then darken.
We recommend that you learn about the beneficial properties of the boletus mushroom.
The boletus has a denser pulp, therefore, in the mushroom pickers' value scale, it is higher than the boletus. During cooking, its pulp decreases slightly in volume and becomes even denser. Since almost all spongy mushrooms are edible and have excellent nutritional qualities, most mushroom pickers gladly take both boletus and aspen mushrooms.
Brown caplet
This species grows in the forests of the northern part of Russia and is usually found in late summer or autumn.
The color of the hats is from burgundy to brown. The legs of the pink-growing brown birch are thin and short, with a bend towards the sunny side.
Black boletus
Its name comes from the dark hat, which is even black. The mushroom has a voluminous but short stem with dark growths.
This trophy does not often fall into the basket of mushroom pickers, although it is highly valued by gourmets for its excellent taste.
What does a birch tree look like
Poisoning by poisonous mushrooms can be fatal due to their high toxicity of the substances they release. Therefore, a novice mushroom picker should remember the main signs of the mushroom they need: the cap can reach 15 cm in diameter and its color can range from gray to black, including spotted and gray-brown.
Those who first went into the forest need to take a photo of boletus mushrooms in order to visually compare the found individual with the sample in case of doubt.
Depending on the terrain, the birch tree may have a slightly different look. For example, in humid deciduous forests, mushrooms with a thin olive or brown stalk are considered boletus.
In dry forests, they have thick, scaly legs. In these cases, the edibility is determined by the firm and aromatic pulp. Separately, there is a bog boletus with greenish caps, on thin legs with watery flesh.
Grabovik
This type of birch tree can be with a hat of different colors: gray, brown white, ash or ocher.
Grows in the southern latitudes of Russia. Most often found in deciduous forests in the Caucasus, especially in hornbeam.
What time do boletus trees grow?
Brown birch trees grow in different climates, so they can be found in European and Asian countries, as well as in America. These mushrooms are common even in the Far North, in the tundra. Groups of deciduous trees, or a mixed, not dense forest, in which birches grow, are preferred as a growing environment. Mycologists have noticed that most often stubbleheads are found in birch groves, "diluted" with conifers. These fungi form a symbiotic relationship with young tree roots.
The mycelium is ready for fruiting from July and, under favorable conditions, develops consistently until late autumn. In a warm rainy summer, the first solitary specimens come across from the end of June. One of the characteristic features of the blackhead or lump is amicable development and massive growth. The mycelium simultaneously grows many fruiting bodies, without losing the intensity of germination after the first wave of the harvest.
Important! It should be borne in mind that, for no apparent reason, the boletus mycelium may stop increasing the aboveground yield, but after a long "rest" it will again return to mass fruiting.
Brown birch at their summer cottage
You can also grow stubs on your own if birches grow in the summer cottage or next to the hedge.
To do this, you need to make an aqueous solution with fungal spores. Carefully removing the sod from the roots of the birch, they are watered with this solution. Subsequently, the mycelium must be darkened and periodically moistened.
It will take a long time to wait for the harvest, but one day you will be unexpectedly delighted! In social networks, there are many photos of boletus trees that are grown at home.
Not only tasty, but also healthy
The brown birch tree is of little color, but contains a number of trace elements necessary for humans.
Eating it in food has a beneficial effect on the nervous system and normalizes blood sugar levels, which is very important for people with diabetes.
The mushroom is recommended to be used in the menu for dietary nutrition, in addition, it removes toxic substances from the body, normalizes kidney function.
Although boletus is not a poisonous mushroom, it can cause an allergic reaction in some people. To avoid poisoning, you should be careful with any cooked mushrooms that have been stored for a long time.
Morphological features
In order not to confuse boletus, boletus or porcini mushrooms with different types of boletus, it should be remembered that it has a thinner leg and a less dense flesh of the cap. Boletus mushrooms are early, first and early maturing noble mushrooms that appear in our forests.
The name of the boletus is due to the fact that fruiting bodies most often grow under birches, forming a mycorrhiza with the root system of this deciduous tree. Near birch trees, some kind of edible russula very often grows, for example, the popular among mushroom pickers, the birch russula or R. Betularum. Birch, often growing in small groups, bears fruit quite regularly, but in waves.
Useful Tips
It is best to take a wicker basket or a bucket made of food-grade plastic into the forest for mushrooms.
Collecting in a plastic bag or canvas bag is not recommended, you will bring home crumpled, broken and unsightly looking forest trophies. It is better not to take mushrooms that you found in some place not typical for their growth.
It's good if you take your camera with you to the forest. After all, posting a photo of boletus mushrooms on your page in the social network and boasting of a successful trip to the forest in front of your friends is always a pleasure!
If in doubt whether the mushroom is edible, do not risk it and leave it in the forest. The processing of the mushroom "catch" must be started without delay, after returning home.
Any kind of boletus is suitable for preparing a variety of dishes - stewing, frying, drying or pickling. It will make an excellent mushroom soup.
Freezing works well: taking out a bag of mushrooms from the freezer in winter, you will prepare a fragrant and tasty dish that will remind you of summer!
Taste qualities
Brown birch barks are a delicious dietary product that belongs to category 2 nutritional value, and contain only 31 kcal for every 100 g of pulp. With a low calorie content, the product is rich in useful substances - proteins (including leucine, tyrosine and glutamine) and minerals, vitamins B, PP, E, C. Fibrous tissues of the stump act on the intestines as a purifier, eliminating toxins.
Brown-headed birch, blackhead or obabok is a mushroom that has a pleasant taste and a characteristic appearance, by which it is easy to identify it in the forest. Every year, mushroom pickers wait for the season of their mass appearance in order to quickly harvest. And if you get into the forest at the right moment, then you can collect so many mushrooms in a day to provide them for a large family for the winter.
