It is no secret that many drugs from pharmacies have migrated to summer cottages. Their use, at first glance, seems so exotic that some summer residents are perceived almost with hostility. At the same time, potassium permanganate is a long-known antiseptic, which is used both in medicine and in veterinary medicine. In plant growing, potassium permanganate solution is used not only as an antiseptic, but also as a fertilizer. In this article, we will tell you with examples how to use potassium permanganate correctly in the garden and vegetable garden.
Potassium permanganate
The benefits of potassium permanganate for plants
In specialized stores, there is a wide variety of different products for the care of garden crops. Despite this, gardeners prefer potassium permanganate. The scope of potassium permanganate is very extensive: from the fight against parasites and ending with the cleaning of the soil. The main areas of use of the solution include:
- top dressing;
- disease prevention;
- disinfection;
- increasing pest resistance.
Recently, it has not been easy to buy a substance, but this tool is still found in retail outlets for gardeners.
Fumigation ↑
Greenhouse processing before planting includes mechanical cleaning and disinfection of racks, equipment, containers, etc. To disinfect them, you can use boiling water (plastic is an exception) and some substances, such as a solution of copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate, formalin, bleach. It is especially good to handle standing lime thickening racks and wooden props.
First of all, you need to remove all plant residues. These are not only tops and missing fruits, but also roots and weeds. Due to the relatively dense planting of plants in a confined space, a certain proportion of pathogens are present, even if there were no outbreaks of diseases. The remains of the garter material, twine and trellis are just as dangerous. Therefore, the processing of the greenhouse in spring is accompanied by the burning of garbage, consisting of plants, ropes, stakes, etc.
Having figured out how to disinfect the soil for seedlings, it is worth approaching the problem of seed preparation. Everything is much simpler here. It consists of the following:
Peat. It is highly sterile and has good moisture retention.
Method 5
Fertilization with potassium permanganate of various crops
Tomatoes are processed at the stage of growing seedlings, when the planting age does not exceed 21 days. The proportion of the substance when processing tomatoes is 2 g / 10 l of water. The solution is watered on the stems or sprayed on the leaves. Against late blight, the bushes are fed a couple of times per season.
It is necessary to adhere to the established dosage, since potassium permanganate can lead to the death of the crop.
You need to feed the cucumbers during fruiting, when the plant blooms and forms ovaries. A working solution is prepared - 2 g of potassium permanganate is mixed with 10 liters of water. The substance can also be sprayed on potato tubers before storage, which will provide excellent protection against fungus.
Characteristics and mechanism of action
Potassium permanganate is a household name for a chemical compound, potassium salt of manganese acid, in another way - potassium permanganate.It has a crystalline form and is dark purple, almost black in color. It dissolves well in water with the formation of a brightly colored solution resembling fuchsia, the color intensity depends on the concentration and can be from light pink to almost black. Potassium permanganate is a strong oxidizing agent.
The antiseptic properties of potassium permanganate are explained by the fact that upon contact with water, atomic oxygen is released - a strong antimicrobial substance and manganese oxide capable of binding proteins. Therefore, it is impossible to combine a solution of potassium permanganate with all microbiological preparations containing beneficial bacteria:
Microbiological fungicides and insecticides are also incompatible with it: Trichoderma, Fitoplasmin, Binoram Zh, Planriz, Fitosporin, Binoram, Glyokladin, Alirin, Gamair, Nemabakt ". When interacting with potassium permanganate, beneficial bacteria and fungi may die.
Potassium permanganate is a chemically active substance capable of reacting with acids and alkalis. Therefore, it is better not to mix it with drugs that do not have a neutral reaction. You cannot use hydrogen peroxide and potassium permanganate at the same time - as a result, alkali is formed.
Potassium permanganate as a solution is often used to disinfect the soil before planting seedlings. This should be done two weeks before plant relocation. This treatment is not suitable for acidic soils. A solution of potassium permanganate is used to disinfect sod-carbonate soils and chernozem. The sowing medium can also be decontaminated in this way, but the seeds can be sown immediately.
Other ways to use potassium permanganate
The properties of the antiseptic allow the use of potassium permanganate for the treatment of greenhouse surfaces. The walls of the greenhouse are washed with a solution of high concentration. It is best to carry out the manipulation when the first warm rays appear, a few days before sowing.
Disinfection of vegetable storage and inventory
This disinfection method is suitable for cleaning and preparing the cellar before storing crops. Metal elements are washed with potassium permanganate, and it is advisable to soak wooden shelves in a solution for a couple of hours. Pruning shears and saws can carry pathogens that are the source of many diseases. Treatment with a solution removes microflora from the instrument.
For the event, you will need a large basin, gloves and a rag. A solution of diluted potassium permanganate is poured into a container where the inventory is placed, with a cloth you can clean it from dirt in hard-to-reach places for greater efficiency. Then the tools are dried, oil is applied to the surface and placed in storage.
Disinfection of planting material
The seeds are disinfected before planting. To do this, you need to prepare a concentrated product and process the planting material. They inspect it beforehand, getting rid of debris. It is necessary to keep the seeds in the solution for half an hour.
Disinfection of seedlings
Potassium permanganate solution cleans seedlings from pathogenic organisms. This is an effective way to protect against disease if the planting container has been used previously. It is enough to prepare a concentrated product and rinse the pots with an antiseptic. Wooden products should turn off within 3-4 hours.
Soil disinfection
To disinfect the soil, the water must be heated to 70 degrees, then add an antiseptic and a little boric acid to get a yellow-pink mixture. The soil is poured abundantly with a solution.
Disinfection and disinfection
You can disinfect the earth in different ways: freezing, steaming, hardening, processing with chemicals. Any method of disinfection has its own characteristics, advantages and disadvantages.Therefore, before practical application of all methods, it is required to study in detail and choose the most suitable option in each specific case.
Important: Potassium permanganate is a strong oxidizing agent suitable for the treatment of chernozem and sod soils, which, in order to avoid negative consequences, cannot be used for disinfection of podzolic soils.
For indoor plants
The most affordable and effective way of processing a potted substrate is a solution prepared from 5 g of potassium permanganate dissolved in 1 liter of hot water. The resulting mixture must be poured abundantly on the ground, let it be completely absorbed, after which you can start planting.
Important: When preparing the solution, the recommended proportions should be adhered to, otherwise the plants will "burn" and all the efforts made will go down the drain.
For seeds
Pre-sowing preparation of seeds for growing seedlings is not particularly difficult even for novice growers. This process consists of several stages:
- visual inspection with rejection of doubtful specimens;
- washing seeds in clean water, drying at room temperature;
- disinfection with a solution of potassium permanganate (soaking for 15 - 20 minutes).
To improve the germination of the planting material, it is recommended to fill it with hot water (not boiling water) and leave it for a day.
Potassium permanganate crystals quickly dissolve in water at room temperature (regardless of hardness) without the formation of a precipitate, so the process of disinfecting seeds will take very little time.
For seedlings
The use of potassium permanganate for disinfecting the soil for seedlings will contribute to the destruction of dangerous microorganisms, increase the vitality of young shoots, and increase the chances of getting a full harvest. It must be remembered that in addition to the potting substrate, antiseptic processing of the inventory is required here. The procedure can be carried out in two ways: wiping the instrument with a solution or soaking it in it for one hour.
Precautions
Manganese solution in its composition has a high concentration of active components, therefore, when using it, it is necessary to protect the skin and mucous membranes. In case of contact with the skin surface, wash the affected area under running water using soap.
When processing plants, it is important to observe the dosage so as not to harm the leaves, shoots and the root system. In the process of application, you should protect yourself with rubber gloves and wear protective clothing to protect exposed areas of the body from accidental ingress of the solution.
Processing of potassium permanganate of flower planting material and onion sets
Before planting flowers with bulbs, tubers, rhizomes, soak them for 30-60 minutes in pink potassium permanganate (1 g per 2 liters). These can be tulips, lilies, gladioli, begonias, calla lilies, cannes, hyacinths, dahlias, etc. We perform a similar treatment before storage. We apply the same dosage before planting the onion sevka.
Seed treatment before sowing
Seed disinfection is considered a prerequisite for healthy seedlings. The only exception is packaged seed purchased from a reputable manufacturer.
Prepare a rich burgundy solution and immerse the seeds in it. Enough and 20 minutes, you should not keep it longer, otherwise, there will be a burn. Then rinse under the tap and lay to dry.
If the seeds were collected in the garden, then carefully inspect them beforehand and clean them of plant debris.
Tips for summer residents to combat disease with potassium permanganate
Gray rot of strawberry berries
We spray the bushes and the soil around them twice - over the buds (with a light pink solution) and over the ovaries (bright pink).
Powdery mildew of cucumbers and melons, currants and gooseberries, flower crops
Treatment in the early stages of the disease helps - spraying in a dosage: half a teaspoon per 20 liters (general: disease prevention, folk remedies and chemical preparations for it).
The secret inside
In fact, there are no secrets in the finished soil. It contains the following ingredients:
- Peat. It is highly sterile and has good moisture retention.
- Mineral supplements that stimulate the growth of seedlings.
- Humic substances. Promotes root growth. Gives plants strength and stability.
- Sand. Helps the soil not dry out and settle.
- Agroperlite. This substance helps oxygenate the root system.
- Chernozem. The main and main component of the finished mixture. Land completely cultivated from debris and foreign matter, as well as from all pathogens.
These are at first glance simple additives that the ready-made soil "Garden and Vegetable Garden" contains. Before buying soil, you should pay attention to the following points:
- The bag should not contain large and dry lumps of earth. This is considered to be the main indicator of soil quality.
- After opening, it is worth assessing the appearance of the earth. There should be no dust in it. Moderate soil moisture is allowed.
Having selected the soil and prepared it for planting, you can start processing the seeds.
How to prepare the soil for seedlings yourself
Growing seedlings is a very troublesome business. These plants are more capricious and need special privileges than those that grow outdoors. Growing seedlings of good quality requires an ideal soil in which all the nutrients and trace elements are collected. For each plant, the acidity must be correctly selected. In no case should there be pests and insects in the soil. Here are the basic requirements that land must meet:
- Good moisture and air permeability. The soil should be soft, loose and light. This will allow oxygen to penetrate unhindered to the root system.
- The soil must be balanced and fertile. In addition to organic compounds, the earth must also contain all micro and macro elements. Do not forget that all components must be contained in certain proportions.
- The soil must meet certain acidity requirements. The normal indicator is in the range from 6.0 to 7.0. If it is insufficient or higher than the norm, then in the future the seedlings can pick up various diseases.
The main rule when preparing the soil yourself is to observe the measure in everything.
