Vegetable growing »Tomatoes
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Every vegetable grower seeks to grow some special kind of tomato in his garden. After all, you want to harvest a good harvest, while spending a minimum of effort. Experienced gardeners prefer proven varieties of garden crops. For example, the Black Crimea tomato won the recognition of vegetable growers almost twenty years ago. This tomato variety is not a hybrid, and it can be grown in almost any region of the country.
Characteristics of the Black Crimea tomato
Brief information about the variety
- Fruit and bush: the plant is indeterminate, the bush is standard and resistant. Fruit weight - up to 500 g. The color is maroon, the texture is dense. The taste is sweetish.
- Yield: from 1 bush harvested up to 6 kg, from 1 m² - up to 23 kg.
- Sustainability: not afraid of high temperature, but not resistant to major diseases of the genus Solanaceae. Does not require abundant watering.
- Spread: grow in greenhouses in the southern and middle regions of Russia.
- Application: used fresh for making salads or processed for winter preparations.
- Landing: grown in greenhouses. Planted in early May. Scheme: 3-4 bushes per 1 m².
- The soil: sandy loam soil is ideal.
- Care: watering as needed. Fertilizers are applied 3-4 times per season. The bush is formed into 1-2 stems. The soil is periodically loosened and weeds are removed.
- Ripening period and storage: Fruits ripen at the end of June. The fruiting period lasts about a month. Tomatoes do not store well (4-5 days) and tend to crack.
Testimonials
Mid-season, indeterminate, tall, productive tomato variety. Recommended for growing in a greenhouse. Outdoors, this tomato is grown in the southern regions.
The bush is powerful, up to 1.8 meters high, a garter to the support and pinching is required. The best results were obtained when the plant was formed in 1 and 2 stems. If you want to get very large fruits, then form strictly in 1 stem and normalize the amount of ovary.
Fruits are flat-round, large at the stage of maturity, maroon color, weighing 350-500 grams, fleshy, excellent taste. The skin on the fruit is dense, but with excessive waterlogging of the soil, some fruits may crack. These tomatoes are ideal for fresh consumption and juicing, sauces. The disadvantage is that they are poorly stored, that is, they are not at all stale.
This tomato variety is not included in the State. register of breeding achievements in the Russian Federation.
The best solution would be to grow the Black Crimea tomato by the seedling method. For sowing work, convenient containers or boxes are prepared in which the plants will develop for a month and a half (sometimes a little longer if the temperature was unstable). Strong young bushes are transferred to open ground or under a film shelter.
Seedlings develop better in soil, which was created from a combination of turf soil and humus. In order to prevent diseases, it is worth preheating the soil in an oven or microwave oven. Seed material is also processed. To do this, use warm water, saline solutions or growth stimulants. Experienced farmers recommend processing seeds, even if they were purchased from a trusted supplier.
It is advisable for sowing work to choose containers whose depth does not exceed 10 centimeters. Depressions are made in the soil about a centimeter, two seeds are laid out in each. The containers, covered with foil, are placed in a dark place.
If you consider the description of the Black Crimea variety, you will notice that the recommended optimum temperature for the rapid germination of seedlings is within the range of 25 to 30 degrees. This will allow you to see the shoots after 3 days. As soon as the temperature drops or rises above the recommended values, the sprouts will develop slowly.
The seedlings are transferred to a place where they will be exposed to sunlight for 10-12 hours a day. Water the tomatoes so that the topsoil does not remain dry. It is not worth overmoistening, so as not to contribute to the development of the fungus.
When the plants become large (20 cm each), they can be transplanted under a film cover. By this time, the seedlings will have good strong roots and up to 4 true leaves. The soil for planting should be dug up and fertilized in advance. Gardeners recommend not to forget about crop rotation, which will avoid a lot of "tomato" problems.
Advice. Planting the Black Crimea variety, as many farmers say in their reviews, will give the best result if you adhere to the 60 to 70 scheme.
Regions with stable warm weather allow transplantation in open ground. 60 cm recede between each bush, it is advisable to adhere to planting in a pair nearby, to stay in the beds where legumes, kaputa, cucumbers or turnips were grown in previous years.
Below are the reviews of those who planted the Black Crimea tomato. After reading them, you will understand all the advantages of the variety and the secrets of its cultivation.
Tatiana, Irkutsk
Anatoly, Stupino
Svetlana, Stupino
Arina, Irkutsk
Nikolay, Semikarakorsk
Tatiana, Smolensk
Olga, Murom
Irina, Chelyabinsk
To the pluses of this variety, gardeners, as already mentioned, primarily include high yields, an unusual appearance of fruits and resistance to diseases. Also, these tomatoes attract summer residents and their relative unpretentiousness. For southern tomatoes, this is, of course, a rarity. The only thing to watch out for when growing the Black Crimea, according to summer residents, is to ensure that in late spring - early summer the bushes do not beat return frosts. Otherwise, the plants will die.
Judging by the descriptions of the Black Crimea tomato variety available on the Internet, its unconditional advantages include the fact that the fruits ripen on it gradually. This makes it possible in the summer to make salads using such tomatoes almost every day.
Some disadvantage of this variety, in addition to poor keeping quality, summer residents also believe that it gives ovaries rather sluggishly. To increase the yield of this variety, experienced gardeners recommend forming its bushes into 2 stems.
Crimean black - one of the best varieties of black tomatoes, which is not a hybrid. Its fruits are so tasty that it became famous not only in Russia, but also in the USA, as well as in European countries. At the same time, tomatoes do not require close attention: their care is standard. However, you should monitor the watering regime in order to prevent cracking of the fruits, which significantly reduces their shelf life.
general characteristics
According to the description, the Black Crimea tomato has many positive qualities. It is time-tested and is in demand not only in Russia, but also far beyond its borders.
The variety is early, from sowing seedlings to the beginning of harvest, it takes only 80-90 days.
It is intended only for cultivation in greenhouse conditions; in the south, film shelters can be used.
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Since the variety is early, it can be grown outdoors not only in the southern regions of the country, but also in central Russia. However, it should be borne in mind that in cooler conditions of the middle lane, the taste of the fruit will be lower.
Bushes
The plant is indeterminate, has no hybrid analogues. The bush is powerful, with a stable main stem, standard. Reaches a height of about 2 m, so it needs a garter and pinning.
The leaves are elastic, saturated green, there is a light pleasant downy.
Fruit
Tomatoes are distinguished by a rich maroon, and sometimes even chocolate shade.
The fruits are massive, weighing 350-600 g. The shape is round, and in the largest ones it is irregular - divided into segments and flattened.
The skin is of medium density, smooth. There are 3 small seed chambers inside the fruit, so there is not much liquid and seeds inside.
The structure of the pulp is juicy, dense and grainy. The taste is pleasant, sweetish.
Productivity and fruiting
If you follow agricultural techniques and all the rules for care, then the results will not be long in coming.
Up to 6 kg of fruit can be harvested from one bush. With 1 m², the yield can reach up to 22 kg.
The culture begins to bear fruit in the second half of June. The period lasts about 4-5 weeks.
Harvesting is necessary every 3-5 days, choose dry weather. Fruit must not be overripe, otherwise they will crack.
Tomatoes are stored in a cool dark place at a temperature of 2-5 °, the average humidity is about 70%. So they can lie up to 3-5 days.
Disease and pest resistance
The Crimean variety is not hybrid, so the likelihood of disease is much higher.
The tomato is exposed to the negative influence of insects. The Colorado potato beetle and aphids are especially dangerous.
In order to prevent crop loss, it is necessary to carry out preventive measures:
- to scare away insects and till the soil, ground chalk or wood ash is poured into it;
- seeds must be hardened before sowing;
- tomatoes are sprayed with sour milk diluted with water or infusion of green grass;
- plant health is affected by weather conditions, air temperature, proper watering and fertilization.
Scope of the fruit
Crimean black tomato is universal. It is used both at home and in the processing industry.
Chopped pulp (in salads) perfectly retains its shape and does not spread for a long time. In cooked hot dishes, it retains its texture, pleasant taste and aroma.
The only drawback in home use is the large size of the tomatoes, which makes it impossible to make cans for the winter.
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There is no need to demand from a variety what it is not intended for. This is a typical salad variety. For processing (whole-fruit canning) there are a lot of other varieties.
In industrial production, they are used to prepare pastes, ketchups, sauces and juices.
Tomatoes Black Crimea on video
If you have grown Black Crimea tomatoes, please share your impressions about them. Should they take up space in the greenhouse? How do you rate the resistance of this variety to diseases? Briefly describe the advantages and disadvantages of this tomato in your opinion. If possible, attach a photo of the entire bush or individual fruits grown by you to the commentary. Thank you!
Your reviews about the Black Crimea tomato and additions to the description will help many gardeners evaluate this variety more objectively and decide whether to plant it or not.
This is a natural tomato variety. Therefore, we recommend taking seeds from a ripe fruit and using them for planting in the following seasons.
Buy tomato seeds Cornabel
Russia Gardens
Hit of the season 2020! A novelty that has shown a stunning result! High yield! Great fruit taste!
Advantages and disadvantages
Unusual delicious tomatoes
According to the description of the tomato, Black Crimea is endowed with the following advantages:
- does not require special conditions and care during the growing process;
- high yield rates;
- excellent taste;
- unusual appearance of the fruit, which immediately attracts buyers;
- easily tolerates heat: the ability to grow in the southern areas under the open sky.
Along with the positive qualities, tomatoes have some disadvantages:
- poor transportability and keeping quality, because of this it is better not to grow too many plants;
- fruits tend to crack (this is due to excess moisture);
- bushes need to be tied up in several places, otherwise they break;
- for a good result, only store seeds are used.
Features of tomatoes
The description of the fruits deserves special attention:
- fruits can vary significantly in weight, the first brush gives the largest tomatoes, the subsequent ones are much smaller;
- the shape of the fruit is round-flattened, with a well-pronounced ribbing near the stalk;
- the color of tomatoes, at the stage of technical maturity, brown with a brown tint, when fully ripe, acquire a red-brown, almost black color;
- the pulp is dense and very juicy, the color range depends on the degree of ripeness and includes shades of red, green and black;
- the taste is excellent, sweet, with bright tomato notes and a pleasant fruity aftertaste;
- tomatoes have a salad purpose, ideal for cutting vegetables, making salads, side dishes, juices, sauces;
- the variety is not very suitable for winter salads and the preparation of pickled and salted preparations;
- negative characteristics of tomatoes - short shelf life.
The quality of the fruit is significantly influenced by the growing conditions. The heat-loving variety manages to mature in a warm climate under the open sky, but in mid-latitudes it will have to be conscientiously looked after even when grown in a greenhouse.
Growing seedlings
Black Crimean tomatoes develop better when planted through seedlings.
After sowing, it should take 50-60 days to transplant the shoots into the ground. Sowing takes place in late February – early March.
Seed preparation
Buy quality seeds from trusted suppliers. Those that are more than 2 years old will not rise (they are dry and empty), so you need to check the expiration date.
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Tomato seeds remain viable for an average of 5-6 years after harvest. Under favorable storage conditions, they can sprout in 8-10 years.
They are soaked in salted water for 20-30 minutes, and then placed in a damp cloth (only natural) or napkin so that the seeds hatch. The fabric is periodically moistened so that it does not dry out.
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In a salt solution, the seeds are divided into 2 fractions. Full-weight seeds suitable for sowing sink to the bottom. Flimsy - remain on the surface.
The seeds are hardened: they are left in the refrigerator for 12 hours, and then kept at room temperature for 12 hours. This is repeated for 7-8 days.
Disembarkation scheme
The soil is prepared as follows: 2 parts of peat, 1 part of humus and 1 part of rotted sawdust. Seeds are sown in containers to a depth of 1.5-2 cm.
It is more convenient to use peat pots, which do not need to be removed when transplanted into greenhouses. Simple plastic cups will also work.
Until the emergence of shoots, the containers are kept in a warm place (22-25 °) and covered with transparent film or glass to keep the soil from drying out.
Seedlings dive when 2-3 true leaves are formed. When transplanting a sprout into a larger container, you need to try not to damage the roots, they are still unformed and fragile.
2 weeks after rooting of the seedlings, the first fertilizers are applied. Special fertilizers for seedlings are suitable: Aquarin, Kristallon, Solution.
Landing in a permanent place
By the time they are transferred to the greenhouse or to the beds, the seedlings of the Black Crimea already usually reach a height of about 20 cm. Experienced summer residents recommend planting tomatoes of this variety in a permanent place in a checkerboard pattern.At the same time, gardeners are advised to do this in such a way that a distance of about 60 cm remains between neighboring plants.
Immediately after planting, the bushes of the Black Crimea are recommended to be tied to the supports. This will contribute to better plant survival. One day after transferring to a permanent place, it is advisable to water the seedlings. Further, the beds can be mulched with well-rotted manure.
Transplanting seedlings
We plant in a greenhouse in deep holes
When the plant is fully strengthened, with a growth of 15-18 cm in height, it is transplanted into a greenhouse.
This happens approximately in early May. The average air temperature should be at least 18-20 °.
Planting method: the distance between the rows is 50 cm, between the bushes - about 40 cm (if grown in 1 stem) and at least 50 if the stems are 2 or 3.
Dig holes of sufficient depth to fit the size of the root, pour about 500 ml of water into it, and then place the plant and slightly compact the earth.
Features of growing, planting and care
We recommend sowing the seeds of this tomato for seedlings 60-65 days before the intended planting in the ground. Seedlings dive - at the stage of two true leaves. When planting seedlings to a permanent place of 1 sq. per meter of plot, it is recommended to place no more than 3 plants, when formed in 1 stem - up to 4.
Further care for tomatoes consists of timely watering (we recommend installing a drip system), removing weeds, pinching, feeding with complex mineral fertilizers and preventive measures to protect the crop from diseases and pests.
Currently on sale you can find seeds of this variety from the company Euro-seeds, they call this tomato Crimean black. We purchased the seeds of this exotic tomato from reliable collectors - Valentina Redko and Ilya Korolev (Royal Garden). In both cases, the seed germination rate was 100%, and in the future the plants and fruits fully corresponded to the variety.
You can see other interesting varieties and hybrids of tomatoes with photos, descriptions and reviews in our Tomato Catalog. Happy viewing.
Tomato follow-up care
Water the tomatoes only as needed, in the morning or evening, when there is less sun. Use room temperature water.
In the heat, watering is necessary 2-3 times a week. To test the soil for moisture, the soil is squeezed in a fist. If it does not crumble, but keeps its shape, there is no need to water the plants yet.
Top dressing
If the bushes are not fertilized, there is a high probability that the fruits will not develop enough and the harvest may suffer from this.
The soil must contain 3 minerals that affect growth and fruiting: nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus.
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For normal growth, plants, including tomato, need 23 mineral elements. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are consumed in large quantities by plants. Therefore, they are called macronutrients, but in addition to them, the soil must contain trace elements: iron, magnesium, calcium, sulfur, boron, etc.
Fertilize tomatoes 3-4 times a season:
- 10-15 days after being placed in greenhouses;
- before flowering culture;
- before and after fruiting to prolong fruiting.
Mineral and organic dressings are used in turn.
Popular mineral fertilizers: Urea (1.5 tbsp. L. Diluted in 10 liters of water), Superphosphate (1 tbsp. L. Fertilizer is stirred in 1 liter of hot water, and then another 9 liters of cold water is added).
Suitable Plantafol (helps to strengthen the plant's immunity), Terraflex-S (for better fruiting), Master.
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These fertilizers are best used for fertigation - application in solution with drip irrigation.
Organic fertilizers include a solution of humus (1 liter per 8 liters of water) or chicken manure (1 liter per 10 liters of water).
Stealing
The bushes must be stepchild, otherwise they will be too thick and all the nutrients will be spent on the leaves and stems.
Ideally, 2 main stems are left, the brushes are removed after one.
Garter
The bushes begin to be tied to special trellises or stakes when they reach more than 50 cm, otherwise they will break under the weight of the fruit.
Sometimes, when the tomatoes ripen and they set the bulk, props are placed under the brushes.
Seedling method
Experienced vegetable growers advise first to either heat the earth in the oven or keep it in the freezer. Before planting, the seeds should be soaked in warm water for one day. This is done in order to speed up the sprouting process.
In a box with prepared soil, grooves are made no more than one centimeter deep and tomato seeds are lowered into them at a distance of 2 cm from each other. Then sprinkle them with earth, cover with foil and leave in a dark and warm place. The first shoots should appear in 3-4 days.
Now boxes with seedlings can be placed on a lighted windowsill, and it is better to organize additional lighting. Be sure to strike a balance between watering and fertilizing. In order not to accumulate excess moisture, it is worth taking care of the ventilation of the room where the boxes with seedlings are located.
Two-month seedlings can be planted in a greenhouse
The next stage in the development of tomatoes is the transfer of sprouts to the beds in the greenhouse. This can be done 2 months after the first shoots appear. At this time, the sprouts already have 3-4 leaves, and the plant height reaches 20 cm. For tomato beds, those areas are selected on which cucumbers, cabbage, melons grew.
It is not recommended to plant tomatoes on those beds where peppers, tomatoes, eggplants grew last year. Moreover, if it is planned to grow tomatoes in one stem, then no more than four sprouts can be planted per square meter. If the plant will be formed with two stems, then it is recommended to plant only three sprouts for each square meter of the beds.
Disease and pest control
According to the characteristics, the variety can be affected by spores of fungi and bacteria, the development of which arises from improper care (excess moisture, little light, etc.).
- Phytophthora. Brown and yellowish spots on the foliage surface are caused by fungus. If you do not take action, the plant dries out. For prevention, the bushes are treated with 1% Bordeaux liquid (10 g per 10 liters of water, every 4-5 days), you can use a 10% solution of sodium chloride.
- Cladosporium. Brown bulging streaks on tomatoes and leaves, causing the plant to die. For treatment, Oxyhom preparations (10 g per 5 l of water), Fundazol (5 g per 10 l of water) are suitable.
- Top rot. A symptom of the disease is brown watery spots on tomatoes, which causes them to deteriorate. Spraying with calcium chloride (0.4%) or Bordeaux liquid will help.
- Macrosporiasis. It affects the bush completely and in a short time it dies. In the fight against the disease, a mixture of copper and soap is used (20 g of copper sulfate, 200 g of laundry soap is diluted in 10 liters of water and the bushes are completely sprayed).
Potential variety problems
Tomatoes from this crop variety can rarely get sick if properly cared for. Black Crimea is not threatened by a viral disease and powdery mildew. Another type of disease is common - leaf spots caused by the fungus Alternariasolani.
Dark brown spots with wide yellow halos appear on the leaves, and concentric rings can be found under bright lighting. Stems and fruits can also be infected. The disease often progresses from the bottom of the plant upwards.
Avoid getting water on the leaves whenever possible, mulch the soil around each plant well, and remove any dead or infected plant material at the end of each season.Removing infected leaves can slow the progression of the disease until the weather is favorable.
Description of the appearance of bushes and fruits
Black Crimea forms an indeterminate bush, the height of which in greenhouses reaches 1.8 m. In open beds, they grow only up to 1.2–1.5 m. The foliage is weak. The color of the foliage is light green.
In the brushes, rounded flattened fruits with medium ribbing on the sides are formed. Tomatoes are covered with a dense skin, colored dark red, with black and purple hues.
The fruits of the Crimean black tomato are large, they have a flat-rounded shape and black-red color with green and purple hues
The inside of the fruit contains a dark, fleshy pulp, which contains a lot of sugar. There are few seed chambers and seeds. The taste is pronounced, sweet, strong aroma.
The seed chambers inside the Black Crimea tomato are small and contain few seeds
Harvesting and storage
In the case of proper plant care, as well as following the planting instructions, 4 kg of fruit can be harvested from one bush of the Black Crimea. To increase the yield, it is recommended to form a bush of two stems.
Tomato varieties for open ground in Crimea are usually mid-season. Fruits reach full maturity 75-85 days after sowing for seedlings or directly in open ground.
Important! Landing in open ground is permissible only for the southern regions.
For unimpeded fruiting, you will often have to go to the garden in order to pick tomatoes and allow the plant to let the forces in the formation of new ones. Storing tomatoes of the Black Crimea variety, taking into account the reviews, is not recommended.
