Walnut varieties: photo, description. Walnut: grade "ideal"


Everyone knows that the new year is coming soon. And as the new year approaches, it is customary to decorate houses and apartments. That is why many craftswomen prepare a variety of crafts with their own hands.

Everything that is at hand is used as materials. This activity will be even more fun for children.

It is especially interesting to make New Year's and any other crafts from different types of nuts. You can see crafts from nuts of different options in the photo on the net.

In order to find something suitable for making with children, you need to find something especially simple.

In our article, we have selected several options for nuts crafts for beginners.

Acorn

They have an antibacterial effect, fight against cancerous tumors. Helps with ulcers of the chest and lungs, strengthens the stomach, improves potency, has a positive effect on the urinary system. You can make a great forest delicacy by adding an acorn to a dandelion leaf salad.

Nut paintings

For paintings, you can use absolutely any kind of nuts. Almonds, pine nuts, shells from pistachios, hazelnuts, peanuts and all other types will look beautiful.

Both whole shells and pieces are used. For this purpose, it will be necessary to prepare a base made of cardboard or plywood.

Lubricate the base with glue, drawing the desired image on it and apply nuts. After everything is dry, you can paint the picture and open it with varnish.

If you want to be more original, then the picture can be decorated with additional details. Add fir cones and needles and it will smell like a new year.

List of inedible nuts

Despite their beneficial properties, many nuts can have a negative effect on the human body. In order to avoid this, you need to carefully read the composition of the fruit and recommendations for the amount of its consumption.

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You should also be careful when picking the fruit. Nuts tend to grow in mountainous areas where ticks are abundant. An encephalitis tick bite and its consequences can be serious.

Peanut is a potent allergen, negatively affects the digestive system, promotes weight gain and obesity.

Walnut. It provokes a rash all over the body, contributes to the occurrence of diarrhea, nausea, and skin cancer. Reduces the body's ability to absorb iron, interacts poorly with drugs.

Acorn. It is difficult for the body to digest, so it should not be consumed by people with digestive system problems.

Brazilian nut. Contributes to liver cancer in large quantities.

Avocado. A large amount of folic acid increases the risk of cancer.

Author of the publication

offline 4 months

Nika

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I am fond of hiking and travel, photography and video filming. I have been hiking since childhood. The whole family went and went - now to the sea, now to the river, to the lake, to the forest. There was a time when we spent a whole month in the forest. We lived in tents, cooked at the stake. This is probably why even now I am drawn to the forest and, in general, to nature. I travel regularly.Approximately three trips per year for 10-15 days and many 2 and 3 day hikes.

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The best varieties

Walnuts have been grown in the gardens of both amateur and professional farmers for quite some time. From their personal experience, it was possible to select those varieties that are most worthy of attention.

walnuts

Dawn of the East

An early species intended for cultivation in the Krasnodar Territory. The first harvest is removed 3.5-4 years after planting a seedling on the site. Full ripening occurs in the last decade of September. Nuts are not large, weighing up to 10 g. Up to 24 kg of harvest is harvested from each adult tree. Average frost and disease resistance.

Recognized as the best walnut, oriented to growing in amateur gardens of the Kuban.

Elegant

Walnut with medium early ripening. Ripening begins in mid-September. The tree grows up to 5 m high and has a strong crown. The first harvest is feasted on 4-5 years after the planting of the seedling. The fruits are large, weighing up to 13 g, with a thin shell. Up to 23 kg of fruits are removed from each plant. It is successfully grown by farmers on an industrial scale, has increased drought resistance and immunity.

Walnut Five Years

This variety is new and is still being tested. Distinctive features are increased winter hardiness and productivity. Under industrial cultivation conditions, it shows good disease resistance. The type of ovary formation is apical-lateral, the first fruits are removed 3.5-4 years after planting the seedling. Harvesting takes place at the end of September. Up to 21 kg of nuts are removed from each plant. The weight of each of them reaches 9 g. The variety is suitable for cultivation in the Kuban.

five-year tree

Breeder

The variety is focused on growing in a southern climate. Differs in stable productivity. Up to 23 kg of nuts are removed from each tree. The location of the fruits is crown. Not a frost-resistant species, but immunity to diseases and pests is high.

Abundant

An adult nut does not exceed 5.5 m in height. The first harvest gives 3-4 years after planting on the site. The ovaries are formed by tassels, each of which contains 3-8 fruits. The weight of each fruit reaches 11 g. An adult tree gives up to 30 kg of harvest per season. Resistance to pathogens is high, not frost-resistant.

Dessert

A vigorous variety with a massive spreading crown. The walnut is characterized by increased drought resistance, but its winter hardiness is below average. Subject to the conditions of agricultural technology, the first harvest is feasted 4 years after planting the seedling. Formation of apical ovaries. It is distinguished by excellent taste characteristics and large size of fruits, the weight of which reaches 12 g. Up to 23 kg of harvest are harvested from each adult tree.

See also

How to prune walnuts in spring, summer and autumn and rules for crown formationRead

dessert variety

Dwarf

The tree is undersized, its height does not exceed 2.5 m, the crown is compact. Fruits weigh up to 12 g. The shell is durable; when crushed, the kernel is taken out entirely. The crop is harvested in the 2nd-4th decade of September. Recommended for industrial cultivation. Up to 50 centners of nuts are removed from 1 hectare of area. Average frost resistance.

Ivan scarlet

Low-growing hybrid walnut, the height of which does not exceed 2.5 m. Bred on the basis of the popular Ideal variety. Fruiting begins 2 years after the planting of the seedling. The fruits are tied with tassels. The trees are planted according to the 3 x 3 m scheme. It has good winter hardiness and resistance to pathogens.

Astakhovsky

The variety was recently bred. A distinctive feature is the increased resistance to disease. The nut is winter-hardy. In 2015 he got into the State Register.Recommended for growing in private gardens. The plant tolerates a decrease in temperature indicators to -37 C, easily restores the crown after freezing. They feast on the crop 6 years after planting the seedling. Each tree gives up to 20 kg of fruits per season, each of them weighs up to 25 g. The shell is thin, easily destroyed. Taste characteristics are assessed as dessert and deserve a mark of 5 points.

astakhovsky nut

Krasnodarets

The nut passes the state test. The height of the tree is large, it has a massive dense crown, which requires mandatory thinning. Fruiting begins 4 years after the tree is planted. The harvest is enjoyed at the end of September. Fruit weight reaches 13 g. Taste and presentation are at a high level. An adult tree gives up to 20 kg of nuts per season.

The variety is characterized by increased drought resistance, not susceptible to fungal diseases.

Petrosyan's favorite

A fast-growing tall variety with a massive crown. Comes into fruiting 4 years after planting on the site. High frost resistance, simultaneous bisexual flowering. The harvesting process takes place in the last decade of September. Up to 22 kg of nuts are removed from each tree per season. Recommended for cultivation in the climatic conditions of the North Caucasus. Possesses increased drought resistance.

Pelan

The tree is tall, massive, reaching 10 m in height. It begins to give off crops 4 years after the planting was carried out on the site. The harvest period falls in the last decade of September. The fruits are small, with a thin shell. When peeled, the core splits in half. Distinctive features of the variety are drought and frost resistance, as well as resistance to common diseases and pests.

the fruit is cracking

Sadko

The dwarf tree is characterized by excellent cold resistance and stable high yields. The variety is early maturing. The height of an adult nut does not exceed 3.5 m. Fruits are feasted 3 years after planting the seedling. Fruits are small in size, tied with tassels of 8 pieces each.

Bukovina bomb

A tall, mid-season variety with a sprawling spherical crown. Fruiting is stable. The mass of one Bukovinsky nut reaches 18 g, in rare cases it reaches 30 g. A distinctive feature is increased winter hardiness, good disease resistance. With the seed method of cultivation, varietal properties are transferred perfectly.

Aurora

The height of the tree of this variety exceeds 6 m. It begins to bear fruit in 4 years after planting. An adult plant per season gives up to 25 kg of nuts, each of which weighs up to 13 g. Winter hardiness and resistance to pathogens are high. Recommended for cultivation on farms for industrial purposes.

ripe fruits

Yielding

Harvesting of nuts of this variety falls on the end of September, which makes it possible to classify it as a mid-season variety. The height of the tree reaches 6 m, the crown is massive, dense. The crop is removed regularly from the 4th year of the seedling's life. Each adult plant produces up to 28 kg of small nuts. The shell breaks down easily. Frost resistance is excellent, but disease resistance is average.

See also

Description of varieties and types of peanuts, useful and harmful properties, planting and careRead

Giant

The walnut is obtained by improving the characteristics of the Ideal variety. The frost resistance indicators remained the same as in the parent species. The height of the tree reaches 7 m, its crown is compact. Often planted not only as a fruit plant, but also as an ornamental plant. Fruiting occurs 5 years after the planting of the seedling. Each fruit weighs about 30 g. Each plant is harvested up to 100 kg.

Memory of Minov

A variety of Belarusian selection, it is considered a large-fruited species with an average ripening period.A tree with a massive crown, tall. Male and female inflorescences bloom at the same time. The type of ovary formation is apical. It begins to bear fruit in 4-5 years after planting a tree. Ripening of Minov nuts occurs in the last decade of September. Fruits weigh up to 19 g. The shell is thin, easily destroyed.

memory of Minov

Kalarashsky

The variety is tall, has a massive dense crown. In damp summer conditions, it suffers from brown spot. Nuts weigh up to 19 g. When breaking the shell, it is possible to get the whole kernel.

The specifics of planting and care

Walnuts are planted exclusively in well-lit areas. Any slope, except for the south-west or south, is suitable for planting. In these places, the earth warms up faster in spring, which provokes an early awakening and reduces winter hardiness. Planting of seedlings is carried out according to the scheme 8 x 10 m. Also a possible option for planting is 10 x 12 m. The plant prefers loose soil, with good air permeability.

Walnut care consists in the timely introduction of fertilizing, irrigation, molding and sanitary pruning of the crown. It is advisable to mulch the soil in the near-trunk circle.

For Moscow region

In this region, only winter-hardy varieties take root well. The best choices for planting are:

  1. Yielding... Tall, early ripening plants, frost-resistant with good yield per plant 25–30 kg. Fruiting begins in the 4th year at the beginning of September. Nuts grow in clusters, weight of one - 9-10 g. Sweet taste.

    Walnut

  2. Aurora... Shows medium frost resistance and early ripening of fruits. The species is resistant to almost all diseases. The height of the tree is up to 6 m, bears fruit in the 4th year. Adult 10-year-old plants yield 25 kg from one tree per season. Core mass - 12 g.

    Aurora walnut

  3. Memory of Minov... A fast-growing tree with an apical fruiting type. The yield is high, the fruits are large, slightly flattened on the sides. Begins fruiting from the 5th year after planting. The weight of the nut is 15.2 g, the shell is thin, the kernel is yellow. Resistant to brown spot and marsonia.

    Walnut Memory Mironov

  4. Giant... Surprisingly unpretentious to care, winter hardy. Gives a bountiful harvest in the 6th year after planting seedlings. The height of an adult plant is 5 m. The shell is thin, the weight of the kernel is 10 g. It is resistant to diseases.

    Nut Giant

When choosing seedlings for a given climatic region, one should be guided by the presence of black or gray walnut shoots in the area and their valuable biological characteristics. They are the basis of the planting material for all other cultivars.

Important! When choosing a plant variety, it is imperative to take into account the resistance to diseases, pests and the soil and climatic conditions of the area.

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Original candlestick

You ask how else to make a craft from nuts? For the new year, it is customary to put candles on the festive table. From small nuts, you can create an original candlestick that will delight you.


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For a candlestick, you can tint nuts by bathing them in liquid paint. It is best to make small pieces of jewelry gold or silver.

We take two glass containers, one of which should be larger than the other. We put a smaller container inside a larger one and put a candle of a suitable size in it. Now, in the gap between the containers, we fill in our colored nuts in any order.

Outside, a large container in the center is tied with a satin ribbon. We glue the half-beads along the upper edge of the container.

Thus, we get a very beautiful candlestick, which can not only be put on the festive table, but also presented to friends.

The benefits and harms of walnut shell tincture

Walnut shell tincture has many useful properties:

  • normalizes blood pressure;
  • improves the condition of the circulatory system;
  • accelerates regenerative processes, helps to heal wounds;
  • has a positive effect on concentration and memory.

Walnut tincture: from the peel, shell, recipes, application
Peel tincture has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties
The composition of raw materials for a strong drink is saturated with useful micro- and macroelements, vitamins:

  • tannins (tannins);
  • vitamins A, C, E, P;
  • polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Tannins help assimilate vitamin C, improve conditions in case of poisoning and have antiseptic properties. Iodine is essential for thyroid health. Polyunsaturated fatty acids reduce the level of "bad" cholesterol in the blood.

Since the nut shell is hard, it is difficult to extract these substances from it. Therefore, tinctures are prepared from the shell and rind. They allow you to squeeze valuable substances out of the woody parts of a walnut.

In some cases, the drink can be harmful to the body. The following symptoms should make you wary and refuse to use the walnut shell tincture:

  • nausea and vomiting;
  • pain in the stomach and abdomen;
  • rashes on the skin;
  • any manifestations of allergies.

What diseases does it help

The walnut shell is endowed with everything you need to use it to treat many diseases. Alcohol tincture is recommended to be used for such pathologies:

  • tonsillitis and tonsillitis;
  • skin diseases;
  • problems in the genitourinary sphere in women;
  • pancreatic disease;
  • phlebeurysm;
  • dental plaque and stomatitis;
  • insomnia.

Tincture on walnut peel

The peel of a walnut is a green shell that covers the shell until the fruit is ripe. It is fibrous in structure and has a thickness of about 7 mm. When the nut is ripe, the skin dries up and cracks into pieces. The use of tinctures on walnut peel is indicated for colds, bronchitis, diseases of the cardiovascular system, diarrhea.

For a drink you need to take:

  • 1/2 kg of peel;
  • 120 g granulated sugar;
  • 1 liter of vodka;
  • 500 ml of water.

Walnut tincture: from the peel, shell, recipes, application
The product can be added little by little to tea or other cool drinks.
How to cook:

  1. Put the peel in a glass vessel. It should be of such a size that the raw materials fill it by about half. It is best if the container is made of dark glass.
  2. Add granulated sugar, vodka and water.
  3. Place in a cool, dry place out of light. Can be placed in the refrigerator.
  4. Consume after 60 days. Before that, strain through cheesecloth folded in 2 layers.

Advice! Fruits on which mold or dark kernels are noticeable are not suitable for tinctures. They contain substances harmful to the human body.

Tincture of walnut shells with cinnamon vodka

The drink has a pleasant cognac flavor and a beautiful dark golden hue. It can be served to the festive table instead of any traditional alcoholic drinks. For this, various spices are added to it, for example, cloves and cinnamon.

1 liter requires:

  • shell of 15 walnuts;
  • 1 vodka;
  • ½ cinnamon sticks;
  • 1 g vanilla sugar
  • 2-3 carnation buds.

Walnut tincture: from the peel, shell, recipes, application
To taste, you can add citric acid on the tip of a knife to the tincture, a pinch of cumin
Actions:

  1. Put the shell in a frying pan and ignite. Keep on fire until the aroma of roasted nuts appears.
  2. When the raw material has cooled, pour into a glass container.
  3. Pour 1 liter of vodka.
  4. Place the container in a dark place. Infuse for 2 to 8 weeks.If you plan to use a tincture of walnut shells on vodka for medicinal purposes, it should be consumed after 2 months. If it will serve as an alcoholic drink, for example, for a festive feast, then it is enough to hold it in the dark for 2 weeks.
  5. Strain the drink through cheesecloth folded in 3-4 layers.

Comment! Walnut shells drenched in moonshine or vodka quickly release valuable substances. They can last quite a long time - this is one of the advantages of tincture over decoction.

Storage rules

An infusion of walnut shells on vodka or moonshine, depending on the conditions in which it is stored, can be valid for 3 to 5 years. It is better to keep it in dark glass containers that protect the contents from direct sunlight.

Walnut tincture: from the peel, shell, recipes, application

Important! It is impossible to freeze the infusion. It is recommended to keep it at room temperature.

If you store the drink for too long or in the wrong conditions, it can turn into vinegar.

Usage rules

Before using the infusion of walnut shells for medicinal purposes, it is important to check with the doctor in advance in what doses it is recommended to drink them for certain diseases. Means made on the basis of the peel, as a rule, take 1 tbsp. l. 2-3 times a day. They contain a large amount of ascorbic acid, which is beneficial for strengthening the immune system.

Tinctures from the shell are used both for oral administration and externally, for rubbing and baths for varicose veins, muscle sprains.

Limitations and contraindications

The tincture is prepared on the basis of vodka or alcohol. It is contraindicated for some people to use it. In particular, the drink is prohibited for such conditions and diseases:

  • pregnancy and breastfeeding;
  • low blood pressure;
  • ulcers of the stomach and duodenum;
  • gastritis;
  • kidney and liver diseases;
  • a tendency to allergic reactions, including nuts;
  • individual intolerance.

Important! Children should not use the walnut shell product.

Since the tincture is a squeeze of the substances contained in the nutshell, possible side effects must be considered. It is not recommended for people with a tendency to alcoholism to drink it.

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