Preservation of the summer cottage for the winter: preparation of land, flowers and other plants

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If you do not have the opportunity to often visit the dacha, you need to prepare especially carefully for wintering.

What you should pay attention to when preparing a summer cottage for winter

Walls

It is necessary to examine well all the outer walls of the country house and carefully assess the surface condition, the seams between the bricks. If cracks are found, they should be plastered to prevent excess moisture from entering the house. If moisture has made its way into the house, and the walls of the building are not distinguished by good thermal insulation, constant cold will appear in the premises.

In such cases, it makes no sense to insulate the country house from the inside, since attempts will still not lead to anything good. The boundary that separates the cold zone from the warm one, under any circumstances, will be on the load-bearing walls, because of which they will always be damp.

In such situations, there is only one high-quality method of insulation - insulation outside. To do this, it is necessary to build an energy-efficient facade, which consists of a layer of insulation and the so-called "screen". The "screen", consisting of a metal frame, is neatly attached to the walls. Ultimately, after the installation of the "screen" is completed, a "cover" is obtained, which, as it were, is worn for the whole house. It will protect your home not only from the cold winter, but also from the hot summer heat. In winter, this structure will retain heat, and in summer it will create coolness.

Frost protection

Most of the perennials, adapted to the conditions of the region, tolerate wintering well without any shelter. Heat-loving plants should be helped a little when preparing the garden for the winter. The ground in the root zone is covered with a layer of leaves or mulch, straw mats, and the bushes or small trees themselves are wrapped in burlap.

Berry bushes free from old and weak stems, bind bushes, and bend raspberries and blackberries to the ground. The soil under the bush is dug up and covered with humus.

The trunks of young trees should be protected from rodents by tying them with spruce branches. To protect against cracks arising from temperature extremes, it is useful to whitewash tree trunks with a mixture of lime, copper sulphate and wood glue.

In stationary greenhouses, they are cleaned in the same way as in open beds. For disinfection, greenhouses are fumigated by burning lump sulfur or sulfur bombs. Fumigation is carried out for 1-2 days, then the greenhouse room is ventilated.

Swimming pool in the country in winter

Everyone wants to swim in the pool as long as possible, but sooner or later winter comes.

Experts recommend not to drain the water from the pool during the winter period, especially when it comes to pools that are buried in the ground. Thanks to this, you will be able to prevent deformation of the walls when the soil freezes.

If the water remains in the pool during the winter, then you need to perform a number of specific activities that will subsequently save you from buying new filtering equipment. To do this, you should:

• carry out chlorination measures;
• drain water from the pipes of the filtration system;
• slightly loosen the water pressure on the pool walls to prevent deformation.

You can also protect the pool at the summer cottage from the winter cold using a special covered sliding canopy.
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Mandatory types of work

After collecting fruits and root crops, the area should be completely freed from unnecessary grass and any plant residues: potato tops, cucumber lashes. Thorough cleaning of the area helps to avoid contamination of plant debris with eggs of harmful insects. The vegetable tops and weeds are harvested, dried and burned. The resulting ash can be used as fertilizer.

• Digging the soil is carried out before the onset of frost and the first snow. High-quality and deep digging with a full bayonet of a shovel will relieve the site of a mass of insect pests and weeds. Weed seeds and insect eggs lurking in the ground will end up on the surface, where they will die from the cold. Insects hibernating on the surface will fall underground, where it will be impossible for them to survive. Deep digging at the same time will destroy the bear's nests. Dig leaving large lumps. So the earth will "breathe" more actively, and pests of crops will freeze faster. Lumps by spring will collapse by themselves under the influence of frost.
• In autumn, phosphorus fertilizers are applied to the ground. All autumn and winter, the earth will be fed by them.
• It is good to feed the site with organic matter in the fall: ash, compost, sawdust treated with superphosphate, ammonium nitrate, potassium chloride.
• Acidic soils are fertilized with lime. Crushed eggshells are an excellent lime fertilizer, especially useful for the growth of carrots, cucumbers, cabbage, cherry and cherry trees, sea buckthorn bushes.

In the fall, rotted manure, cow or horse, is introduced into the soil.

Toilet in the country in winter

If you are going to sometimes live in the country in the winter, then you should definitely insulate the country toilet. This can be done in two ways: outside and inside. At the same time, experts recommend only the second option for thermal insulation. This approach to insulation is very convenient and economical.

To insulate the toilet, several special building materials are required.

1. It is necessary to purchase the insulation itself directly. The choice of insulating materials is very large, which is why an inexperienced person can make the wrong choice. According to the recommendations of professionals, it is best to use mineral insulation. This material consists of slabs, each 50 millimeters thick.
2. You will also need special wooden slats to which the insulating material will be attached.
3. Waterproofing required. It will be attached to the frame, which should be made using drywall. In the future, it will close the insulation and act as a basis for the subsequent decoration of the toilet.
4. To erect the frame, you will need metal profiles.
5. In addition, fasteners and putty are required.

Warming process

First, you need to fix the wooden slats to the ceiling and walls of the toilet. The distance between the slats should be within 0.6 meters. Insulation boards are fastened with screws to a wooden floor. Waterproofing films are glued onto the insulation itself.

Then you need to build a frame. When constructing a metal frame, it is necessary to put special transverse jumpers between the profiles, because the metal profile does not have maximum rigidity, and it must be reinforced. Next, using self-tapping screws, drywall is attached to the frame. Putty is used at the joints between the sheets. The resulting flat surface can be treated with paint or siding.

And the ice won't break

First of all, pay attention to all the devices that are associated with water. Until the cold comes, water must be drained from everywhere - from pipes, taps, filters and hoses. Otherwise, any container will be torn apart by ice.

It is useful to treat taps and valves with grease or other grease. Then it is advisable to cover them with buckets, plywood boxes, cut plastic bottles or other objects that can protect them from moisture penetration during rain or sleet.

Question answer

What needs to be done at the dacha before the onset of the first frost?

Greenhouse, warm beds, planting winter crops

The greenhouse also needs to be cleaned up:

1. We remove the dead wood. All plant residues must be collected and burned: they can be contaminated.
2. We renew the earth. Replace the top layer of soil with a more fertile one (do not take from the garden!).
3. We enrich the land. New land should be enriched: add humus, manure or peat, at the rate of 5-6 kg per 1 sq. m. Sprinkle the soil with sand and ash (600-800 g per 1 sq. m.) and cover with straw.
4. We clean the frame. Clean the greenhouse frame with dirt and dust.
5. Fumigate with sulfur. Fumigate with sulfur bombs strictly according to the instructions.

We build warm beds

If you want to get an early harvest of cucumbers and peppers, then build warm beds in your summer cottage!

1. Dig a trench: length - 1-1.2 m, width - 0.6-0.8 m, depth - 0.5 m.
2. Cover the bottom of the pit with non-woven material: it will protect against weeds.
3. According to the size of the pit, make a frame of plastic panels or boards (the height of the walls is 0.7-0.8 m).
4. Insert it into the hole, hammering it lightly into the ground.
5. Fill the bed with layers:

• the first is cardboard or shredded branches (10-15 cm);
• the second - sawdust or fallen leaves (8-10 cm);
• the third is compost or manure (10 cm);
• the fourth is garden land (20 cm).

Pour water (20-30 L) over the bed and cover with straw. That's it, the warm bed is ready, in the spring it will be possible to plant seedlings in it and get an early harvest of vegetables.

Cleaning tools and equipment

This is another important stage of the autumn work. At the end of work in the garden, you need to free all containers from the water and turn them upside down. All gardening equipment must be carefully inspected and, if necessary, washed, dried, cleaned, sharpened, lubricated. During the spring sowing period, there will not be enough time for this.

In the fall, you need to take care of harvesting seeds and replenishing the supplies of drugs necessary for the garden (for example, a remedy for diseases and pests, laundry soap, soda, salt, tar).

Having worked hard in the fall, you can make your work much easier in the spring.

Vegetable garden Features of gardening

Preparing the earth for spring

Preparing a summer cottage for the winter consists not only in putting things in order in the local area, but also in preparing the soil for spring sowing. If you take care of this now - in the fall, then in the spring there will be much less hassle before sowing fruit and vegetable crops.

Fallen leaves - in business

Special attention to fallen autumn leaves is an indispensable fertilizer for the garden and garden. It can be used:

• For composting. Any "brown" organic matter (dry foliage, straw, bark, branches, paper, sawdust) contains a lot of fiber, which slowly melts in the ground and then it can be introduced into the soil, creating a looser layer of chernozem.
• As mulch. To do this, spread wet leaves on empty beds. Such a "natural cover" will prevent the washing out of nutrients from the soil, protect against the increased growth of weeds. In the spring, you will only need to dig up the foliage along with the soil.

We enrich the earth

Everyone knows that if the soil is not fertilized, every year the amount of useful microelements in it will decrease. And it is unlikely that it will be possible to grow a good harvest on poor soil. Autumn is the most blessed time to improve the condition of the earth.

Where plantings are planned in spring, add peat, manure or mullein (3-4 kg per 1 sq. M.). Just don't put these natural fertilizers deep into the soil.

"Dilute" heavy clay soil with potassium-rich wood ash at the rate of 200-300 g per 1 sq. m. It is also possible to enrich the land by introducing mineral fertilizers into it every year, for example, superphosphate.

Composting

First you need to prepare the compost pit. It is best to fill it in the fall, when there is a lot of organic waste on the site. At the bottom of the pit, it is necessary to decompose the organic matter of long decay - these are large tree branches and other wooden waste. This first layer can be covered with food waste and cut grass, faeces and herbaceous vegetable residues. The top is covered with a layer of fallen leaves, then with earth and watered with a solution of drugs with effective microorganisms (EM - drugs).

After that, you can decompose a layer of any paper waste - newspapers, magazines, cardboard. Then again food waste, grass and tops of vegetable crops, leaves and a small layer of earth, and on top of it there is a little EM-preparation.

When the compost pit is completely filled with such layers, then it should be covered with plastic wrap on top and left until the compost matures (until spring). He is not afraid of winter frosts and cold weather. Until spring, the bacteria will do their job.

"Secret" against vandals

If you plan to come to the garden in winter, then you may be in for an unpleasant surprise - the locks may be blocked by the penetrated and subsequently frozen rainwater.

Therefore, before the onset of frost, it is useful to lubricate all moving parts of locks, gates, doors with oil (it is better to use a motorized one) and cover with any impromptu canopy - a piece of linoleum, a cut plastic bottle, or just wrap the lock in a piece of plastic wrap.

But often such measures do not help, therefore, when going to the garden in winter, do not forget a remedy from the “lock defroster” group that motorists use. Or an ordinary newspaper, the flame of which, when burning, will heat the lock and return it to working condition.

However, it is not only water and frost that threaten the castles. There are frequent cases when completely strangers with criminal goals try to open or break them. In part, a trick can help - instead of a lock, fix the door eyelets with "locks" for car wheels. If at the same time the nut is large and cannot be turned with an ordinary wrench, then it is not possible to open such a lock without the help of a special attachment for this particular "lock". But mechanically removing such a lock is much more difficult than a conventional padlock with a shackle.

Photo: / Radovan1