Breeders have created over 400 varieties of potatoes. It is grown in all climates. To get a good harvest, you need to choose the right variety. Early cultures are well suited to the regions of Siberia and the Far East. Late varieties mature only in the southern regions.
When growing potatoes, it is necessary to follow agrotechnical rules. Otherwise, root crops and tops develop with pathologies.
Sometimes the stems grow large, which alarms gardeners. It is cut off. Do I need to trim the tops of potatoes? How does a potato grow without stems and leaves?
Do I need to prune the orchid
Orchid bloom lasts from 2 months or more, but some of its varieties, for example Phalaenopsis, can delight with their flowering twice a year. You can determine the time of pruning an orchid by its color; closer to the end of flowering, it acquires a waxy hue.
Phalaenopsis bloom
But experts advise not to rush and observe the plant for a while, because new buds may appear on the old stem, but if this does not happen, and the arrow is completely dry, then you can start pruning.
It sometimes happens that the tip of the stem has dried up, but the buds have swollen a little, which indicates imminent flowering. In this case, the peduncle should not be completely removed, but only the withered part is slightly higher than the green bud. At the same time, flower growers do not give a 100% guarantee that the plant will bloom again.
Worth knowing! Phalaenopsis, like other plant species, can bloom several times with a short break, but this greatly weakens the orchid, and for a good and long flowering it needs periodic rest.
How the frenum of the tongue is trimmed: types of operations
The procedure is usually carried out in the classical way using a scalpel or using a laser.
In the first case, the operation lasts half an hour or an hour in two stages:
- For anesthesia, a local anesthetic is administered or the oral cavity is treated with a gel or spray.
- The doctor makes an incision and stitches.
There may be slight bleeding after the operation. The first 10 days there will be slight swelling and soreness. The seam mark will completely disappear over time.
Plasty of the frenum of the tongue in children in the maternity hospital takes place without anesthesia with a transverse incision. The blood stops on its own after the baby is latching on to the breast.
When to trim
How to feed rhododendron after flowering
Do I need to prune my orchid after flowering? A question that interests many owners. After all, incorrect and untimely pruning can lead to a long dormant period of the plant.
As mentioned, flowering lasts from 2 to 6 months, but this is also influenced by proper care, plant health and growing conditions.
If the owner is not 100% sure what kind of flower his flower is, then it is necessary to observe for some time how the peduncle behaves:
- dries up completely;
- dries up partially;
- changes its color to yellow, after which it dries.
The fact is that there are varieties of orchids on which buds grow almost instantly after flowering, so it is not recommended to cut off such stems.
Plant pruning process
Therefore, it is worth figuring out in which cases pruning is necessary, and in which not:
- Withered or faded flowers. In this case, it is not necessary to prune the plant yet, because there is a high probability that new buds will appear. The only thing that is allowed to do is to shorten the stem a little. This will only become an additional incentive for the formation of a new shoot.
- Green shoot. If it does not dry out, then you should not touch it, because after 10 weeks new buds may form. The only thing that can be done is to cut off the peduncle and put it in water to form a baby.
- Drying of the stem. If it has completely dried out, then it is necessary to remove it. But if it is still green, then you should not touch it, because it saturates the plant with useful trace elements and nutrients for further growth and restoration of the orchid.
- If the stem gradually begins to fade, but there are dormant buds on it, then there is no need to rush to cut them, because there is a possibility that they will wake up and either children or flowers will appear.
Important! If you follow the advice of orchid pruning experts, the plant will regularly delight with its flowering and vibrant colors.
Timing
If it is decided to remove the foliage before winter, it is best to do this shortly before the onset of frost or immediately after the first frost. Pruning involves removing all foliage except for young growth.
Before November, it is absolutely impossible to cut daylilies. Before the onset of frost, the plant will have time to awaken, foliage will begin to grow again, and dormant buds will be activated. This whole process of revitalizing the decorative culture will negatively affect its wintering, during which time it will lose a lot of strength and useful substances.
Plant pruning process
When to dig up hyacinths after flowering
Orchid pruning occurs only at a certain time, and if you do it arbitrarily, then the plant will experience a lot of stress and it will not be in vain. Therefore, you need to know how to prune an orchid after flowering and when it is best to do it.
Pruning a dying stem
It is best to prune after flowering, as a result, the flower will have the strength for the fastest recovery. But if the flower is sick, then this must be done as quickly as possible in order to save the plant.
Essential tools for pruning a plant
Before you start pruning plants, you should prepare the following tools:
- secateurs;
- a substrate (if there is a need for a plant transplant);
- activated carbon or ash;
- pot.
Roots
Pruned only if rot or parasites have appeared.
They do everything step by step:
- Water the roots abundantly.
- The plant is removed from the pot.
- The roots are cleaned of the substrate and washed under running warm water.
- Rotten parts are carefully removed.
- Treat the trimmed places with ash or brilliant green.
- Dry the roots and place in a new substrate.
As for the aerial roots, they are cut off in the event of death or decay. This situation can arise if you overdo it with watering, or vice versa, the plant does not have enough water.
Peduncle
After the arrow is completely dry, you do not need to cut it off at the very root, you should leave a small stump, 1 cm high, because there is a chance that another arrow may appear from it, or a baby.
Removing a dried stem
Stem
If rot has formed at the point of growth of the plant, then it is necessary to carefully eliminate everything step by step:
- Cut off the place of decay so that no dark spots remain.
- Treat the wound with brilliant green, but if the cause of the problem is caused by infections, then the cut site is treated with fungicides.
- Inspect your orchid regularly to prevent further decay.
Leaves
Can orchid leaves be trimmed? Florists claim that it is possible only in the following cases:
- To renew the plant, the bottom leaf is torn along the middle furrow to the base and both halves are removed.
- If the leaf has received a sunburn, then it is necessary to cut off only the damaged area 1 cm higher.
- If rotting has formed on the leaf or it turns yellow, then it is completely eliminated.
Arrows
Sometimes it happens that after flowering, new arrows appeared on the stem. If there are one or two of them, then you shouldn't touch the plant.
But it happens that there are a lot of them, in this case the orchid may not withstand the weight of the flowers and the arrows are shortened by 3 cm. Thus, there will be fewer flowers, but they will be larger and brighter.
Tongue frenum plasty: surgery
If the operation was not performed in the hospital, it is prescribed when the child reaches 4 years of age. The surgeon performs the cutting of the frenum of the tongue in children in the direction of a speech therapist, orthodontist or dentist. Correcting ankyloglossia basically takes place in one of three ways:
- Frenulectomy. The doctor dissects the folds on the sides and tightens them with transverse sutures. This method is considered the simplest.
- Frenulotomy. The surgeon fixes the bridle with a clamp and makes incisions at the top and bottom, sutures the edges of the resulting triangle.
- Frenuloplasty. The doctor makes two cuts to separate the strip, then stitches it to the bridle. Thus, the mount is displaced.
The doctor decides what is the best way - with a scalpel or laser - to cut the frenum of the tongue for a child or an adult, taking into account the degree of violation, individual contraindications.
As a result of the operation, the tongue moves freely, but the bite and pronunciation are not immediately corrected. We need to work on this additionally.
Contraindications for cutting the frenum of the tongue
Before undercutting the frenum of the tongue in adults and children, contraindications should be considered:
- acute infectious diseases;
- chronic pathologies with relapse;
- blood diseases;
- malignant tumors;
- diseases of the oral cavity (after removing the foci of caries and other problems, an operation can be performed).
Behavior after plastic surgery of the frenum of the tongue
The rehabilitation period is easy and to some extent depends on the age at which the bridle is cut.
In infants, cutting with a scalpel and laser does not cause pain and can be applied immediately to the breast. The baby actively sucks, cries less, begins to gain weight.
Plasty of the frenum of the tongue in adults and older children, carried out with a scalpel, requires short-term rehabilitation and compliance with the conditions:
- rinsing the mouth with a furacilin solution, a decoction of chamomile or calendula;
- eating warm liquid food with a minimum amount of salt;
- Doing exercises recommended by your doctor.
On the first day, you may need to take painkillers. After the operation, the doctor will prescribe the necessary medicine.
Trimming the hyoid frenum does not cause complications. In rare cases, the wound can become inflamed if it was poorly treated during the procedure and hygiene was not carried out at home.
Cutting site processing
Hippeastrum - home care before and after flowering
If the plant is properly cared for, it will delight its owner with long and long flowering. But it is worth remembering that if the flower was cut off, then the cut points must be processed so that pathogenic bacteria do not penetrate into them. Thus, the plant will be protected and healing will take place much faster.
The following is used as a disinfectant:
- iodine;
- brilliant green;
- Activated carbon.
Processing the cut in an orchid after flowering
Sanitary cleaning of the lilac crown
Sanitary pruning is done every year. It is necessary to cut off the affected, shrunken and frost-bitten bush branches.The matured and dried branches, as a rule, are cut off at the very beginning of spring, until the buds have blossomed, in order to prevent damage to the shrub by pests and fungal infections. Cutting off faded inflorescences is also a sanitary measure.
Sometimes a sanitary haircut is performed not according to the calendar, but if necessary. For example, if the crown is infected with bacteria or damaged by insects, it is worth immediately cutting off the diseased branches.
What to do with a clipped arrow?
If the clipped arrow is still green, then you can still experiment with it. Why is it about the experiment? Because the subsequent actions with the peduncle do not guarantee one hundred percent result. But it certainly won't get any worse, because in any case you would just throw out the severed arrow.
So, the resulting shoot must be placed in a container with water, in which crushed activated carbon must be present. The water level, which decreases due to evaporation, must always remain at the initially set level; for this, simply update the liquid supply in the container in time.
There is a chance after a certain period of time to get a new young orchid from a dormant bud. This method of breeding orchids is the most popular in practice, that is, it is most often written about on forums or in various articles. However, many experienced gardeners note that in fact, such a small process simply does not have enough strength to fully support the life support of a young plant. The cut off section of the peduncle dies before the root system has time to develop.
Of course, the percentage of success in such a business is very small, but why not try it?
Ways to form a pomegranate
There are many ways to form a young pomegranate.... Depending on the method chosen, the appearance of the crown and the whole plant will differ.
Fan-shaped
Forming a pomegranate in the form of a fan or a bouquet requires the correct garter of the branches.... Step-by-step instruction:
- Immediately after planting, remove branches that are at the bottom of the plant (too close to the ground). Only the main trunk is left.
- When the side shoots are formed, choose two of them that are at the maximum distance from each other. The branches are fixed upward.
- In the next circle, 2 branches are also left.
- The central trunk is shortened to the upper bifurcation.
- Further, several branches of the second and third order are left and maintain a given shape.
Bush
Bush-shaped pomegranate is most convenient gardener. This shape facilitates harvesting and sanitary pruning.
5-6 skeletal branches are left on the plant... Shoots that are too close to the ground and excess shoots are removed. The crown of the plant is pinched at a height of 1.5-2.5 m.
Bonsai
Bonsai is a real work of art. To get a beautiful Japanese-style pomegranate, they begin to form it already in the first year of life. Basic rules for its creation:
- The tree is pinched when its height reaches 20-25 cm.
- The trunk, the diameter of which does not exceed 2.5 cm, is given a curved shape. To do this, a wire is wound from its base to the crown so that it does not pinch the trunk and does not interfere with sap flow. With the help of a wire, the barrel is given the desired shape.
- The most developed branches are chosen. Leave those shoots, the location of which corresponds to the intended shape of the crown.
- Skeletal branches are also given the desired shape with the help of wire.
- The branches are sheared and trimmed to achieve the desired crown.
It is important to remove the wire in a timely manner.so that it does not leave deep scars on the branches and bark. This is done when the fixed barrel is compacted and takes the desired shape.
Note! In order to correctly form a bonsai, it is recommended to draw its diagram in advance.
Stamper
Punching is used most often. The rules of this method:
- Select the central branch of the seedling. All other shoots are removed.
- A wooden support is installed near the trunk. The trunk is tied to it so that it turns out perfectly even.
- Leave 2-3 skeletal branches, located as far as possible from each other, on the first circle. They are shortened to the desired length. They do the same with the branches of the second circle, but they are made even shorter.
- The top of the pomegranate is cut off. Further, the shape of the tree is maintained.
