Long-legged mosquito description, photo. Is caramora dangerous for humans

In the scientific classification, there is a family of butterflies, which includes 5 insect subfamilies, one of which is the Phlebotominae subfamily. It is to him that pests are called, which are called mosquitoes. If we deviate from the official terminology, then mosquitoes are blood-sucking insects similar to mosquitoes, living in certain territories, in specific conditions and having a number of individual characteristics of life.

The terms mosquitoes and mosquitoes are sometimes used interchangeably, although in reality they are far from the same thing. This article will focus specifically on mosquitoes as an independent species of insects, and not on all mosquitoes found in Russia as a whole.

The first thing that will help you better understand how mosquitoes differ from non-mosquitoes is to determine their distribution area.

More on mosquito and mosquito bites

Kulex mosquitoes usually sit on the skin, immediately unmistakably choosing the places where the capillaries are as close to the surface as possible. Mosquitoes do not possess such sniper talents. Their females make several leaps before finding the right place. Then the mosquito or mosquito sticks the stinging proboscis into the skin and drinks the blood. The angle of the injection can be different and depends on the type and size of the insect. Male mosquitoes and mosquitoes are not interested in blood, their proboscis is soft and short, suitable only for drinking nectar from plant flowers.
Injecting a hemostatic substance into the wound, the female insect transfers to the victim a huge number of microorganisms - viruses, bacteria, protozoa, microscopic larvae of round filarial worms. The overwhelming number of uninvited guests destroy the body's immune cells, hastily summoned to the site of the bite. But some of the enemies are able to break through and cause infection. Mosquitoes are carriers of such dangerous diseases as malaria, tularemia, yellow fever, viral hemorrhagic fevers. Mosquitoes carry tularemia, encephalitis, and parasitic infestations.

7.1. Order Diptera. Midges, horseflies, ktyri, flies-flies.

Midges (family Simuliidae) primarily cause harm as bloodsuckers (Fig. 8). In river valleys, midges often make up the predominant part of insects that attack people in the open air. Compared to other blood-sucking insects, the saliva of midges is particularly toxic. Their bites are very painful, since toxic substances that cause pain are injected into the wound together with an anticoagulant that prevents blood clotting. Edema develops at the injection site, there is a strong burning sensation and itching. With multiple bites, general poisoning ("simulidotoxicosis") may develop.

The bites of adult individuals of the blind (family Tabanidae) and bites (family Acilidae) are very painful. The saliva of all bloodsucking horsefly species (Fig. 11, 12, 13) is highly toxic to humans and animals, and a massive attack causes serious pathological changes in the body.

Their larvae are also poisonous and successfully use this quality when hunting other invertebrates. The poisonous components of the saliva of horseflies and moths cause paralysis in invertebrates (weevils, darkling beetles, beetles), and adult moths defeat such well-armed insects as bees, wasps, and horse beetles.

K25. The giant pimple, Satanas gigas, is an imuha-zhigalka (Fig. 16, 3).The fly is similar to the housefly, but has a hard proboscis, where the tongue is located, which connects to the ducts of the salivary glands. The burner prick is painful. It mainly attacks cows and horses, but often people also suffer from its bites. Blood is sucked not only by females of horseflies and flies, but also by males.

Satanas gigas

Stages of development

In caramora, eggs are elongated, although sometimes they are round. They are covered with a black opaque dense shell. feels great living in fresh water, soil, forest floor, rotting tree

It is important for her that the habitat is moist.

The caramora larva is characterized by a large head and strong, well-developed jaws. Thanks to this structure, it is able to easily feed on the remains of plants that are decomposing, and gnaw at viable roots.

This huge mosquito in the pupal stage has an elongated shape, the caps of the legs are pressed tightly to the body, the segments of the abdomen are marked by spines arranged in rows across the body. There are also thorns on the head, thanks to which the pupa is able to crawl out of wet soil or rotten wood.

How mosquitoes differ from masquites

Mosquito and mosquito

Very often you can hear the familiar phrases "mosquito net", "anti-mosquito drugs", which are used in the fight against mosquitoes. But this does not mean that mosquito and mosquito are names of the same insect. They have noticeable differences in many ways.

Differences in appearance

Mosquito and mosquito differ in appearance. This fact can be confirmed by looking at insects even with the naked eye.

• The mosquito has a body size of no more than 3 mm in length, when the average mosquito reaches 5-10 mm in length.
• Most mosquitoes have a nondescript gray body coloration. Mosquitoes come in a variety of shades from white to black, including yellow and red.
• Another important difference between a mosquito and a mosquito is the position of its wings relative to the body. In a small bloodsucker, at rest, the wings are located at right angles to the body. And in a mosquito, they are almost parallel to the body.

The structure of the body has similar proportions: long thin legs, a small oblong body, a long proboscis for food, long antennae, small wings.

Habitat of mosquitoes and mosquitoes

Mosquitoes are common mails all over the planet, with the exception of the extreme regions of the South and North Pole. They prefer humid places, stagnant bodies of water and relatively warm climates. But in the conditions of harsh winters, some representatives of mosquito species can hibernate and wait out an unfavorable time.

Mosquitoes live in warm countries with tropical climates. They are found in Asia, Africa, Latin America, and southern Europe. In Russia, you can become a victim of a mosquito while in the subtropical regions of the Caucasus, Abkhazia, Krasnodar Territory. Mosquitoes also need proximity to a fresh water source.

Reproduction nuances

The difference between a mosquito and a mosquito can be traced in the characteristics of reproduction. Most mosquito species breed directly in water.

They lay eggs there, which later turn into larvae. The larvae feed on microorganisms and small algae of the reservoir, then turn into a pupa.

From the pupa stage, the mosquito turns into a formed individual and flies up from the surface of the water.

Mosquitoes raise their offspring in well-hydrated soils that are rich in organic compounds. Scientists studying these representatives of Diptera have noted that females prefer to lay their eggs near dung heaps and garbage dumps. Voracious larvae consume the organic waste surrounding them.

Area

Mosquitoes live predominantly in warm regions, but the northern border of their range runs just north of 50 ° north latitude in Canada and a little south of the fiftieth parallel in northern France and Mongolia. To the south, mosquitoes are found up to 40 ° S latitude. No mosquitoes have been found in New Zealand or the Pacific Islands. Mosquitoes are found in altitudes ranging from below sea level (Jordan Valley and Dead Sea) to 3300 m above sea level in Afghanistan. On the territory of the former USSR, mosquitoes abound in the humid subtropics of the Black Sea Caucasus. There are especially many of them in the Colchis lowlands of Georgia and Abkhazia. In Russia, they are found in the Sochi region.

Large centipede mosquito description, photo

Karamora has a slender body from 2 to 60 mm long, in tropical climates there are much larger centipedes - up to 10 cm. The belly of the insect is elongated, consisting of 9-10 segments. In males, it is thickened at the top, while in females it has an elongated shape. The head is oblong, with long antennae with numerous segments (12-19). Faceted eyes are black, except for them, simple rudimentary eyes can be observed in caramora.

The centipede mosquito has transparent and narrow front wings, in some species they can be spotted. The posterior covers are reduced to halteres - short processes. When the insect flies, they act as a stabilizer.

Legs are a characteristic feature of caramora. Due to the lower legs and legs, they are extremely elongated. Almost all representatives of this species have large processes on the legs, the so-called spurs.

6.1. Order Lepidoptera, or Butterflies

Goldtail (Volnianca family). A medium-sized butterfly (wingspan 26-40 mm), snow-white, at the end of the abdomen there is a bundle of golden (in females) and brown (in males) hairs. The adult caterpillar is grayish-black, with long yellow-brown hairs collected in bunches on the dorsal tubercles.

On the ninth and tenth segments, there are abdominal orange eversible tubercles. These tubercles are associated with the Versonian glands, which secrete an acrid secret. Caterpillar hairs, piercing the skin and breaking off, cause itching. Distributed in the steppe and forest-steppe zones. Caterpillars cause great harm by damaging the leaves and buds of fruit trees, oak, linden and other deciduous species.

A. B. Fig. 22. Goldtail: A - larva, B - imago.

The chemical composition and mechanism of action of the poison. The venom contains histamine and proteins with proteolytic (trypsin-like), esterolytic activity, as well as phospholipase activity. The poison has a kinin-libratory effect, which, in combination with the action of histamine, can lead to the development of a skin reaction when a poisonous hair is damaged.

Ursa Major (Dipper Family)

Fore wings are dark brown, span 50 - 80 mm, hind wings - red with 1 - 6 large black or dark blue spots. Adult caterpillars are black with long hairs. They meet at the end of spring. They live on herbaceous plants. Caterpillars prefer honeysuckle. Caterpillar hairs cause conjunctivitis, but adults are also poisonous.

Fig. 23. Common she-bear

The chemical composition and mechanism of action of the poison. A toxic polypeptide called kayin has been isolated from the abdomen of females. At a concentration of 1 mg / ml, it causes irreversible contracture of the neuromuscular preparation of locusts, cockroaches, and cabbage moths, accompanied by depolarization of the muscle membrane and suppression of the EPP amplitude. On 5-minute exposure, kayin induces ultrastructural abnormalities

sarcoplasmic reticulum and locust muscle mitochondria. In a calcium-free medium, kayin is inactive, but the addition of Ca restores the toxic effect.

Kayin is toxic to mammals as well.Intraperitoneal administration to mice in a dose equivalent to an extract obtained from 0.05-0.1 parts of the abdomen causes respiratory arrest, convulsions and death in 1-2 minutes. In cats, with the introduction of kayin, tachycardia, apnea, and a biphasic change in blood pressure are observed.

The harm and benefits of mosquitoes

Traditional opinion: there is no benefit from bloodsuckers, only harm. In fact, these small flyers, together with other similar insects, form the base of the food pyramid in any ecosystem: forest, desert, city, etc. Many species of birds, amphibians, reptiles and animals feed on adults. The larvae, processing organic matter rotting in the ground, contribute to the inexhaustibility of the soil.

But the harm to a person from them can be tangible. Mosquito bites are painful. When bitten, a bloodsucker sprays saliva with substances that prevent blood clotting into the wound.

On a note!

If the victim has an allergy, the bite site swells a lot at best. At worst, death is possible. Even for those who do not suffer from allergies, mosquito bites turn red, swell and itch for a long time. When combing, there is a great chance of introducing an infection into the wound.

In hot regions, as a result of the sensitivity of the human body to mosquito bites, phlebotoderma can develop. This reaction to bites is expressed in a rash all over the body of itchy nodules.

Mosquitoes are carriers of the disease leishmaniasis. This is a parasitic disease that manifests itself in the form of ulcerative papules. In addition to leishmaniasis, mosquitoes can carry pappatachi fever and bartonellosis. All these diseases are usually common in the southern regions of Eurasia and the population of the northern part could not be afraid of them. But, in connection with global warming, there is a movement to the north of not only southern plant and animal species, but also pathogens.

Pappatachi fever is one of the most dangerous diseases. Distributed in the Mediterranean, the Balkans, the Middle East, Indochina and East Africa. It is carried by mosquitoes called fever. What do phlebotomus pappatachi mosquitoes look like:

• size 2-3 mm;
• the color is pale yellow;
• wings and body covered with long pale bristles.

The bites of this type of bloodsucker are painless; a person does not notice that he has been attacked by a pappa mosquito. For this reason, you can not attach importance to the symptoms of an incipient disease.

7.2. Order Hemiptera or Bedbugs.

Fig. 24. Buccal beetles By insects with poisonous blood and tissues are the buccal beetles (genera Litta, Mylabris, etc.) known under the name of "spanish flies" In the body of blister beetles, mainly in the blood, there is cantharidin, which has strong poisonous irritating properties.

The beetle reaches 20 mm in golden-green color with a metallic sheen, with threadlike ties. The non-diverging elytra are rounded posteriorly. It is quite common in Central and Southern Europe during the hot days of May - July. Emits acrid and unpleasant odor. Cantharidin, even on intact skin, causes both redness and blistering with an effusion inside them.

Since the inflamed integument easily absorbs cantharidin, it penetrates into the body. The poison acts on various glandular organs and serous cavities. When excreted by the kidneys, cantharidin irritates them, the kidney tissue becomes inflamed, and protein and blood appear in the urine. Inflammation of the bladder soon joins nephritis.

Usually, trying to throw the blister beetle off the skin of the neck, a person crushes it and mechanically rubs cantharidin into the skin. Accidental swallowing of the "spanish fly" causes excruciating poisoning. A lethal dose for humans if swallowed is 0.01 g of cantharidin or 1.5 g of powder made from dried and crushed beetles. Once upon a time, after taking "miraculous" medicines made with the use of the "spanish fly", many overly gullible people paid with their lives.

B Fig. 26.Dirty predator (Reduvius personatus) personatus), the saliva of bedbugs belonging to this family possesses pronounced poisonous properties. Predators (Reduviidae). Carnivorous bugs paralyze invertebrates with their saliva, but some species have a poison that is dangerous for mammals.

But of course, the most famous human bloodsucking parasites from this order is the bed bug Cimexlectularius (Fig. 3, A).

The saliva secreted by them when they bite causes itching, burning, redness of the skin and the formation of papules. The attack of bedbugs on people deprives them of normal sleep and rest.

Very painful injections are given by bugs living in freshwater reservoirs - smoothies (family Notonectidae) and water scorpions (Nepidae).

Smoothies are common in our freshwater bodies. An ordinary smooth man reaches a length of 1.5 cm. The shape of the smooth man's body is characteristic: at the bottom it is flat, and at the top it is convex, and due to this it resembles a boat. The body is greenish-white with brownish or yellowish elytra. The hind legs are transformed into a kind of oars.

With their help, he quickly moves in the water. Gladysh is a voracious predator that attacks other aquatic insects and small fish. The proboscis of the bug, although short, is very hard and sharp. If you inadvertently take a smoothie in your hands, he can pierce the skin with his proboscis, and the injection will be painful due to the corrosive effect of saliva introduced into the wound.

We offer you to familiarize yourself with: Pubic lice - symptoms, treatment and photos in women and men, how their life cycle is transmitted

Developmental biology

Like all other dipterans, mosquitoes have 4 phases of development: egg, larva, pupa, imago. Mosquitoes usually feed on natural sugars - plant sap, aphids, but females need blood to ripen their eggs. The number of blood samples taken may differ depending on the species. The maturation time of eggs depends on the species, the rate of blood digestion and the ambient temperature; in laboratory conditions - usually 4-8 days. Eggs are laid in places that favor the development of the preimaginal stages. The preimaginal stages include an egg, three (or four) larval stages, and a pupa. Research carried out on Ph. papatasi

and
Lu. longipalpis
showed that females are attracted by hexanol and 2-methyl-2-butanol released from chicken and rabbit droppings, and the presence of a clutch of eggs of the same genus stimulates the laying of eggs. The breeding sites of mosquitoes have not been studied enough, but it is known that their larvae, unlike most butterflies, are not aquatic, and from observations of laboratory colonies it can be concluded that the main requirements for the breeding site are humidity, coolness and the presence of organic matter. In the arid zones of the Old World, mosquitoes live and breed in rodent burrows or in cracks in the soil.

Larva Lutzomyia longipalpis

.

Most Palaearctic species are characterized by diapause, into which the larvae fall in the fourth stage. In May-June, the larvae pupate at about the same time, and adult insects appear immediately in large numbers.

The larvae need liquid water - placed in a test tube with water so that they remain above the water level, without directly contacting it, they die within 24 hours. Since most butterfly larvae are aquatic, it can be assumed that mosquito larvae have adapted to exist in moist soil. Mosquito eggs can survive in water for a long time, larvae can hatch in water and live in it for up to five days (first stage). The fourth stage survives in water for up to 14 days. After being removed from water, they can develop normally further [4].

The breeding process of mosquitoes and mosquitoes

There are no particular differences in the reproduction process between mosquitoes and mosquitoes. The main highlight of the process is the vital need for female insects to receive fresh blood, preferably warm-blooded animals.Mosquitoes in the savannah, gnat in the polar tundra are equally capable of bringing a buffalo and a reindeer to white heat. In the summer, animals lose from bites daily up to 300 ml of blood, and the weakest die from allergic reactions caused by substances that come from insect saliva. These are anticoagulants that slow down blood clotting and allow the female to suck and allow the eggs to mature.

Our northern mosquitoes lay their eggs exclusively in water. Foreign mosquitoes can be satisfied with rotting vegetation, topsoil and even wet sand.

Mosquito development.

The birth of a mosquito begins with the developmental phase of the egg. The female lays an egg, which gradually feeds it with blood. Insects lay eggs preferably in damp, cool places. These can be animal burrows or cracks in the soil. After about 8 days, the egg enters the larval stage. The main parameter necessary for the development of larvae is high soil moisture. At the end of spring, the larvae enter the pupal phase; later, a large number of adults emerge from these pupae at the same time.

In general, it is quite difficult to trace the natural life of a mosquito. All studies were carried out mainly in laboratory conditions. Therefore, it is not possible to draw accurate conclusions about the features of these insects. Scientists can only give a tentative description of the life of the mosquito

Larvae

A mosquito in its life, and females live for about four months, and males for no more than 20 days, go through four stages of development: an egg from which a larva hatches, a pupa, an adult mosquito.

The larva of the common mosquito has a long respiratory tube at the end of the body. The larva of the malaria mosquito does not have such a tube, and the respiratory openings of such mosquitoes are sessile.

On the surface of the water, the larva of the common mosquito is at an angle, and the larva of the malaria mosquito lies horizontally.

Features of the behavior of mosquitoes

The difference between mosquitoes and mosquitoes lies in the peculiarities of their life. Mosquitoes can annoy people almost all day long.

Mosquitoes have a certain time of day for this - they go out on their daily hunt as soon as the sun begins to set over the horizon.

This time and after another hour the insects show their unprecedented activity, cases have been recorded when mosquitoes gathered in a whole swarm, which could easily stick around the pet from all sides. In human dwellings, mosquitoes can bite throughout the day.

Mosquitoes mainly choose places of their body where there is no clothing.

6 reliable mosquito repellents

In large quantities, they can be stuffed into the ears, folds of the skin, nostrils.

Only the female sucks the blood of a person or animal. Having chosen a victim, the female makes several jumps over the skin, releases her proboscis and pierces it.

A special substance is released from the proboscis of a mosquito, it thinns the blood and makes the process of absorbing a viscous liquid a matter of seconds. Males are not bloodthirsty and feed on plant sap and organic matter.

For reproduction, the female needs to drink blood - after that she lays egg-laying in a dark place for 5 to 10 days.

The eggs hatch into larvae, which, before becoming an adult, live in the ground and feed on organic debris. Full sexual maturity is reached in about three months. The female is able to lay three clutches during the summer season.

The greatest activity of mosquitoes begins to be observed in mid-July and August.

Conclusions site

1. The malaria mosquito is a carrier of malaria bacteria. His bite is dangerous to human health.
2. The malaria mosquito differs from the ordinary mosquito in appearance: it has specks on its wings and longer legs.
3. The body of a common mosquito is almost parallel to the surface on which it sits.The body of an anopheles mosquito is almost perpendicular to the surface (see picture above)
4. The common mosquito lives wherever there is at least some water, the anopheles mosquito prefers bodies of water with a clean, transparent surface.

Many people dislike and are afraid of insects. Even more do not tolerate bloodsuckers. So, it's no surprise that their mixture, embodied in mosquitoes, does not bring any pleasure to anyone. Hardly anyone thinks about ecological balance when it comes to the evil gnaw that spoils all impressions of the summer season.

But what could be worse than a simple mosquito? Of course, a big or anopheles mosquito. And here, a person, unknowingly, often makes a mistake, trying to identify a particular species, and most importantly, a potential threat from it. This article will put all the points in this triangle of human fear.

First of all, it should be noted right away that "ordinary mosquitoes", "large mosquitoes" and "malaria mosquitoes" are three completely different biological species, with their own characteristics.

Mosquito bite

Painful mosquito bites can cause a lot of trouble for a person. The toxic substance released at the time of the bite causes a burning sensation, unbearable itching, a person develops weakness, an appetite is lost, and feverish conditions are observed.

Mosquitoes are especially dangerous for young children; several deaths have been recorded.

With multiple bites, endemic urticaria occurs, characterized by the following symptoms:

• the appearance of blisters filled with liquid at the site of the bites;
• symptoms of intoxication, general weakness;
• blistering is long lasting and may take about two months.

Urticaria from insect bites for humans does not pose a real threat to life, the danger arises if he is bitten by a mosquito, which is a vector of diseases:

1. leishmaniasis;
2. mosquito fever;
3. bartonellosis.

In case of mosquito bites, it is imperative to consult a doctor for laboratory diagnostics and treatment.

Some types of mosquitoes pose a great danger to domestic and wild animals. A swarm of insects can lead to the death of a herd of several thousand heads.

7.3. Lice squad

Section 2.1. morphology, biology, and the importance of lice as ectoparasites and carriers of pathogens of dangerous vector-borne diseases in humans are described in detail. The secretions of the powerfully developed salivary glands, which enter the wound with the bites of all types of lice, prevent blood clotting and have a toxic effect.

Under the influence of the toxic properties of saliva, characteristic blue spots appear on human skin after sucking with a louse (Fig. 2B). They are painless, but in the area of ​​the spots, there is a long-term paralysis of smooth muscle fibers. It is interesting that in these places, under the influence of cold, the so-called goose bumps do not form.

Under the influence of secretions of the bean-shaped salivary glands of clothes and head lice (Fig. 2 A, B), itchy papules are formed on human skin. They are sharply demarcated from normal tissue. Local hemorrhages remain at the site of the bites. Some people may develop allergic reactions to the stings. With mass lice, the effect of lice saliva is summed up.

Fever is sometimes observed. When there is no care for children, the elderly and the sick, head lice can cause a general weakening of the body and even death. There are known cases of death of people from "seizing" them with lice. From history it is known that as a result of great lice died: King of Judea Herod (73 - 4 BC.

), the Spanish king Philip II (1527-1598), the Roman dictator Lucius Cornelius Sulla (138-78 BC) and others. Severe lice in those days was a fairly common occurrence among the privileged classes. The head lice was especially great due to the wearing of wigs.The ladies of the time of Louis XIV, in France, following the fashion, carried with them special sticks with which they scratched at balls and receptions.

History

Mosquitoes are relatively ancient insects, the probable time of their occurrence is attributed to the Lower Cretaceous period. The first description of a male of an unknown genus was published in Rome by Filippo Bonanni in 1691. Typical view, Phlebotomus papatasi

, was described in 1786, but the connection between mosquitoes and human diseases was known earlier: back in 1764, the Spanish doctor Cosme Bueno published a book about popular beliefs about the transmission of leishmaniasis and bartonellosis in the Peruvian Andes, where he indicated that the local population connects the occurrence of these diseases with the bites of small insects called "uta".

About bites

The bite process of both blood-sucking insects is almost identical. Having chosen the most suitable place, the female gnaws through the skin with her sharp microscopic formations, which are located at her end of the proboscis. Having inserted her "spear" into the victim's body, the female begins to suck blood using the feeding channel. Through another channel, the insect injects saliva containing pain relievers and anticoagulants into the wound.

Important!

If we compare a mosquito and a mosquito bite, then the latter is much more dangerous. The thing is that insects are carriers of dangerous infections. And with the penetration of bacteria into the blood of a person, the development of the disease is inevitable. In addition, when insect saliva penetrates into human blood, a reaction may occur, the consequence of which becomes mosquito dermatosis or phlebotoderma.

Insect breeding cycle

Why not mosquitoes

To understand who mosquitoes are and why they are not mosquitoes, you have to delve a little deeper into the scientific classification. Mosquitoes and mosquitoes belong to the same order: Diptera. Further, their paths diverge. The difference between mosquitoes and mosquitoes begins with a "pedigree". Mosquitoes belong to the mosquito family, mosquitoes belong to the butterfly family.

On a note!

All blood-sucking flying insects, even the largest ones, are included in the "gnat complex".

Butterflies are small blood-sucking insects that look like small moths. Because of this, the family got its name. Below is a photo of a butterfly.

The mosquito, not belonging to the mosquito family, looks more like a mosquito than a butterfly. A photo of a mosquito and an ordinary mosquito will help to compare them.

The difference between a mosquito and a mosquito is clearly shown in the table.

The feeding habits of a mosquito and a mosquito are the same: males drink flower nectar, fertilized females need blood.

On a note!

An adult female mosquito makes several jumps over the victim's body before being bitten.

Some of the species of the Eurasian genus phlebotomus are synanthropic, that is, they have adapted to live next to humans. In the city, the places where mosquitoes of these species live may be damp basements. In nature, most often bloodsuckers of this species are found in the dense shade of bushes or undergrowth. The larvae, although they do not live directly in water, need soil saturated with moisture. In the absence of direct contact with water, they die within 24 hours.

Protection

On air

Inhabitants of central Russia and residents of areas of the country with a more severe climate, meeting with mosquitoes can only threaten during tourist trips to "warm countries". To protect yourself on vacation, you must undergo the recommended vaccination for visiting a specific area, and also remember about basic means of protection against mosquitoes and mosquitoes:

• Use of special gels, ointments and aerosols before going out into the open air. You need to process all open areas of your body.
• Try not to leave the premises at the time of morning and evening twilight - the favorite time for insects to leave.
• When outdoors, try to stay away from damp areas, stagnant ponds or swamps, especially in cool weather.
• Wear loose clothing that covers the body as much as possible - wide shirts, loose pants.
• Try not to overheat or sweat; for this, choose clothes in light colors, and also shorten the time you spend outdoors.

In the House

To protect your home, you need to use mosquito blockers:

• Mosquito nets;
• gauze;
• rare fabric or tulle.

How to get rid of mosquitoes in the house if they have already got there? The simplest aerosol products, like the well-known "Dichlorvos", will help.

If you have a swimming pool in your house or area, do not let the water in it stagnate and begin to "bloom". This will attract dangerous insects to the site, and then it will take a lot of trouble to get rid of the mosquitoes.

In addition to all kinds of chemical or ultrasonic methods, which are so popular at the present time, remember that the person himself is the best mosquito killer. You can just handle the trouble if:

• catch an insect;
• smack it with a newspaper or a special firecracker;
• slap it between your palms;
• cover on the surface of a table or other piece of furniture with a cup or glass.

When catching and killing mosquitoes by hand, do not let them bite you, otherwise the whole hunt may become useless.

In the House