Spring work in the garden and garden: what to do by month

The personal plot needs care almost all year round: spring is the time to get out of hibernation and prepare the land and plants for a new harvest year. Summer is the time of caring for plants. Autumn is the time for harvesting and preparing the land and garden for the harsh winter. Only in winter does the avid summer resident get a break, and even at this time the personal plot needs some supervision.

Spring work in the garden and vegetable garden

Spring is the time for the awakening of nature after the cold weather, preparing the land and garden for a new harvest. But in spring the weather is so capricious and unpredictable that before starting work in the garden and on the ground, you should navigate in the first spring month not by dates, but by weather conditions.

The first work in the garden and garden with the arrival of spring

Spring processing of the greenhouse

Preparing a greenhouse for plant transplantation is a responsible business. You don't just need to wash the glass to keep your green pets warm and light. It is important to disinfect the soil in which pathogens and harmful insects that have accumulated over the past season may have lurked. Dig up the beds and, of course, apply fertilizers, because the yield largely depends on this, especially on soils that are actively used annually for planting cultivated plants.

Lawn and pond care

The decorative pond is lowered for the winter so that there is no complete freezing. It can be cleaned in January. If the weather is not too frosty, check the tightness of the walls and bottom, and repair, if necessary. Add beautiful stones to the banks.

Try not to walk on decorative lawns. Cover it with snow or spruce branches from the harsh cold weather. In warm winter, sow in bald areas. They don't have a skating rink on the lawn. The ice crust is destroyed, preventing the grass from overheating. Snow should not exceed 20-30 cm. Dedicate long evenings to repairing the lawn mower and other lawn care tools in summer and spring.

Preparing the beds in the garden

If work in the garden begins in early spring, then work on the beds is carried out a little later. But before sowing seeds or replanting seedlings to a permanent place, you need to prepare the soil. First of all, it is important to disinfect the soil, in which pathogenic microorganisms usually accumulate with regular use. Annual agrotechnical, biological and chemical tillage helps prevent the development of fungal infections.

Fertilizing is also an important step in soil preparation so that your green pets develop and bear fruit properly. In the spring, special attention should be paid to nitrogen fertilizers. They dissolve well in water and are quickly absorbed by plants. In addition, it is simply not recommended to bring them in in the fall. If you are counting on a rich harvest, then do not forget about phosphate fertilizers, which contribute to the setting of fruits and berries. Potash fertilizers will help plants better resist diseases and adverse weather conditions. Basic rules for applying mineral fertilizers.

If the soil in your area is too acidic, remember to lime it. But never combine lime application and manure fertilization. Insoluble compounds that form as a result of a chemical reaction between these two fertilizers are absolutely useless for plants.Vegetables will be nutritionally deficient despite your best efforts.

Rodent and pest control

An important concern of the summer resident is to destroy the larvae, nesting pests and rodents. Examine tree branches, bushes. Collect mummified fruits, twisted leaves, burn everything.

Small rodents come across buried traps from plastic bottles with scented sunflower oil. Poison scattered around the garden is not the best way to fight. Metal cans suspended on a thin string will rattle and scare the animals away. Tin boxes around the trunk and whitewashing with lime will protect the bark from rodents. Useful plastic mesh from vegetables, garden bandages, torn tights, for wrapping boles.

The trampled layer, on the paths and places around the landings, prevents the mice from breaking through their moves. Where the roots of plants are mulched with a thick layer, small rodents settle. They gnaw on the bark, trees and bushes will die. The caring owner, keeping this in mind, periodically raises the places of possible nesting of field mice with a pitchfork, tramples them.

It is better to build a protection for the tree in advance, surrounding it with a sheet of tin or netting so that the mice cannot get into the center of the circle. In some cases, the autumn thick whitewashing of the lower part of the trees (up to 1-1.5 meters high) helps. A layer of lime prevents hares from gnawing on the bark. In January, the peeling whitewash is renewed.

Do not forget to fight rodents in your country house. Mousetraps, traps, balls of poison, everything will come in handy.

What to do in the garden in March

The spring sun is so bright, besides, the rays are reflected by not melted snow so that the crowns of conifers get burned. While the snow lies, branches of young trees are pulled together with twine and covered using burlap or bedspreads.

Low trees are covered with shields. Warm water is poured around the roots to warm up the frozen ground, and sap flows in the trunks.

The spring snow is heavy, and the lingering snow breaks off the branches of fruit trees. To protect fragile twigs, it is thrown off and shaken off in time, but carefully, without resorting to forceful techniques.

In the spring, hares and other rodents gnaw the bark on the trunks. It is better to remove drifts from under the trunks, then the animals will not get to the branches, and the trunks should be regularly inspected. \

At the beginning of the month, on warm days, it is recommended to whitewash the trunks. Lime with copper sulphate will protect trees from waking up pests, and the white color will reflect the burning rays of the sun.

Pruning - effective sanitation

Trees and shrubs that have not been pruned during their growth look worse, age faster, and their yield decreases.

When to prune fruit trees

Finish all pruning work before the buds begin to swell. Before performing the procedure, wait until the temperature column does not drop to minus 5 ° C, and night frosts to minus 10 ° C will not return.

During pruning, material is also collected for subsequent grafting of fruit trees. Selected shoots are cut, grafted immediately or stored in a dark, cool place until sap flow begins.

The basics of successful garden plant pruning

• start pruning before the start of sap flow;
• first of all, free the tree from the shoots damaged during the cold weather, this is an extra load that only hinders the development of the plant;
• remove dry and broken branches;
• cover the cuts with garden pitch if branches with a diameter of more than 15 cm were cut;
• first, domesticate the fruiting plants, and the young 10-15 days later.

Work in the vegetable garden and garden in April

April is the perfect time to plant and graft fruit trees. Vaccination is carried out by kidney or copulation (cuttings). For the operation, use a special pruner or a grafting knife.

The month of April is the time to plant seedlings of spring flowers and seedlings of annuals that you planted in March.It's time to plant petunias, zinnias, marigolds and any other seasonal flowers you want to see in your flower beds. Check your flower gardens. It may be necessary to add perennial plants to the flower beds. April is the time for planting vegetables and flowers in pots.

Planting trees in spring

It's time to plant fruit and bushes. It is recommended to plant young seedlings while they have no buds, otherwise the seedlings may die. This is usually done in the first half of April. The work execution algorithm is:

• dig a hole in accordance with the size of the rhizome, place manure and fertilized soil on the bottom;
• place the roots in a hole, carefully dig in, compact the soil with your feet.

Cuttings and maintenance of container crops in storage

From the middle of winter, you can grow plants by rooting cuttings. This is how many seedlings are obtained that exactly repeat the varietal qualities.

Cuttings are grown:

• karyopteris;
• honeysuckle cap;
• lavender;
• rosemary;
• Fortune's euonymus;
• spruce;
• thuyu;
• juniper;
• yew.

Seedlings stored in containers are occasionally watered, not allowing the earthen lump to dry out. Bulbs, rhizomes and tubers need to be revised in order to notice rotting or drying out in time. The spoiled ones are destroyed, the slightly damaged ones are cleaned, treated with a fungicide. Cuttings are also moistened or wiped, treated against mold.

What to do in the garden in April?

In April, greens are sown in open soil - parsley, onions, spinach, dill. The first week you need to cover the beds with foil. Greenhouses are treated with Bordeaux liquid (3%) to get rid of diseases and various pests. Zucchini, cucumbers, tomatoes, eggplants are sown on seedlings. The warm and dry soil typical of April is suitable for planting beets, artichokes, Brussels sprouts, carrots, cabbage, lettuce, parsley, spinach, radishes and legumes. If garlic was planted for the winter, the shelter is removed from it, mulching and fertilization of the soil are performed.

Paying attention to the flower bed

Another important aspect of how to care for your garden in spring is to beautify the flower bed. In April, it is required to remove shelters with chrysanthemums, roses, and other crops. This is done provided that there is no frost at night. Roses are pruned before bud development, dry branches are removed. Under the bushes of crops, the soil is cultivated with fungicides. With the appearance of the first sprouts of bulbous plants, they are fertilized, the soil is loosened.

In the spring, flower beds should be given special attention.

In the greenhouse, it is already possible to sow marigolds, balsam, asters, and other annuals under the film. At the end of April, they start dividing and planting peonies and irises.

How many seeds do you need?

The seeding rate can be followed. For the final calculation, you need to know the approximate areas of the beds.

"Repeaters"

Last year's seeds should not be used without a germination test. This is done as follows: you need to take 10-100 seeds of each type of vegetables, spread them evenly between sheets of paper napkins, place on a plate and moisten well. The temperature should always be around 20 ° C, and the napkin should be damp all the time. After germination of seeds, they draw conclusions: if the germination rate does not exceed 10%, then sowing does not make sense. If 40% of the seeds have sprouted, double the seeding rate.

May work in the garden

May is a month of unstable weather: it is warm during the day and freezing at night. It is the night frosts in May that can destroy the entire crop, if you do not take action. Also in May, all plants and crops are planted in the beds and greenhouses, so the month for summer residents and gardeners is very stressful.

In the last month of spring, you need to try to finally form the beds. Cabbage is planted in open ground, sorrel, onions, carrots, aromatic herbs and spices are sown.

All shoots of carrots and beets should be thinned out, fed. It is recommended to water the sprouts after 3-4 days. Weed weeding should be done carefully, as the vegetable sprouts are still very weak and easily damaged.

Explanations from the editor

A zoned variety is a variety included in the current Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation and recommended for cultivation in one or several regions (it has already successfully passed state tests in them).

Owners of the Internet can find out whether the variety is zoned or not by going to the official resource of the "State Commission of the Russian Federation for the Testing and Protection of Breeding Achievements":. We find the "Register" section there and enter the "State Register of Breeding Achievements Permitted for Use". We select the culture we need (for example, we took the zucchini) and open the corresponding plate with the varieties.

It may seem complicated, but we only need three adjacent columns - the name of the variety, its "year of birth" and the recommended growing regions, numbered from 1 to 12.

Residents of the Bryansk, Vladimir, Ivanovo, Kaluga, Moscow, Ryazan, Smolensk and Tula regions belong to the Central Region. In the register, it is always denoted by number 3. The gardens of summer residents of the Vologda, Kaliningrad, Kostroma, Leningrad, Novgorod, Pskov, Tver and Yaroslavl regions are located in the North-West region, which is marked with the number 2.

If the number of your region is indicated opposite the variety, then it is zoned there. For example, from our plate, the Apollo, Astoria and Aeronaut zucchini are recommended for the Moscow region, and Arlika and Aeronaut for the Leningrad region.

Grafting trees

Maintenance of the garden in early spring involves a lot of work. One of the important activities is the grafting of fruit crops, which is performed before the buds swell.

- for stone fruit crops - 3 cm;

- for pome crops - 5-6 cm.

All operations are performed on the day of vaccination. The joints of the cutting with the branch of the tree are wrapped with insulating tape, which can be removed three or four weeks after the operation or left until next spring.