Preparing the soil for planting garlic in the fall before winter: which soil to choose

The best varieties of garlic

Gulliver is a mid-late arrowed spring garlic. It takes 83-99 days to mature. Its leaf is dark green, with a clearly visible waxy coating, long and wide. The bulb has a flat-round shape, the teeth are tightly closed.

Aleyskiy is a spring variety, with an average ripening period, with a period from planting to harvesting from 100 to 119 days. Does not form an arrow. The leaf is green, medium in size, there is a waxy bloom.

The sail is a mid-season variety that forms an arrow. The use is universal. Vegetation until the technical ripeness of the bulbs is 95-109 days. The bulbs are flat-rounded with a slope towards the top.

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Yelenovskiy is a mid-season, arrow-free variety of garlic for the southern regions. Used everywhere. Its leaves are juicy green with a medium-intensity waxy bloom.

Alternative ways

In addition to growing with teeth, experienced vegetable growers also practice planting garlic bulbs - bulbs formed at the ends of the arrow-peduncles. For this, the bulbs released from the inflorescences are calibrated and the largest are sown. By July, one-toothed garlic grows from them, which, being planted again before winter, forms full-fledged heads.

Garden bed preparation rules

Before planting, choose a place for a vegetable crop. You cannot grow garlic in the same place. Every year they change the site for culture. Where garlic grew, you can plant it after three years.

For a good harvest of the vegetable, fertilizers are applied to the soil in advance before planting. Experienced gardeners advise how to fertilize the land before planting garlic on the site in the fall. Better to use both mineral and organic. But it is better not to feed the soil with fresh manure. Organic matter will damage the planted teeth and rot.

Preparing a site for planting garlic begins with determining the acidity of the soil. A neutral soil related to light loam is suitable for a vegetable.

The choice of location is determined by how well the soil warms up and how far the groundwater lies. You cannot plan a garden for winter garlic in those places where water stagnates after rains.

If the bed is prepared, then the correct planting of garlic in the fall is as follows:

At a distance of ten centimeters from each other, holes are made with a depth of three to ten centimeters. The teeth are planted at a shallow depth two to three weeks before frost in the second decade of September or early October. The denticles are placed deeper in areas with severe winters. This method of planting will allow the plant to root better.
Only winter varieties of garlic should be planted in autumn, the heads of which are covered with lilac skin and have a core.
The distance between the rows is twenty to thirty centimeters.
The bulbs are laid out in the prepared holes without deepening.
Cover the holes with a compost layer on top.
Mulching the beds is carried out with a layer of fallen leaves, needles, peat.

When planting a vegetable, it is important to know how to prepare a garden for garlic in the fall. If the work was carried out without taking into account the rules and advice of vegetable growers, then the seedlings that appeared in the spring will be weak and rare. Harvesting large heads of vegetable then can not wait.

To get a rich harvest of large and even garlic, you need to follow a series of simple steps:

Find a place for planting in the fall.
Prepare soil beds for planting.
Choose quality blanks and prepare them for planting.

Important! A place for growing garlic is harvested a month before planting. The plant likes places in the sun.

Also, the garlic should be away from trees in an open area. The optimal place for growing crops in the fall is an elevated area or an ordinary garden bed. If you plant it in a low place, then, after the snow melts in the spring, the garlic will die.

To plant the bulbs in the fall, you need to prepare the beds for it in advance. In order to do this, in August they dig up the soil with a shovel, and then fertilize it in the form of humus with chalk, ash from wood chips and phosphorus fertilizers.

After digging up the earth, beds are formed. Each of them should have a width of 1 m and a height of no more than 26 cm. The beds are watered abundantly with water several times so that the soil settles. Next, the pea, oat and mustard mixture is poured. When the seedlings are 30 cm in height, the beds should be sown with cloves between the resulting green plants from the mixture.

Immediately after loosening the soil, do not plant garlic harvests, since this action will affect the growth and development of the plant.

To disinfect the culture, the soil is treated with a 1% solution of copper sulfate diluted with water in a ratio of 1 spoon to 3 liters. All these solutions are mixed with water and watered in the fall immediately after planting.

Digging up the soil

Since the roots of garlic are underdeveloped, it needs a loose soil rich in minerals. Before planting it, the ground must be dug up and mulched. At the beginning of September, the earth must be dug to a depth of 25 cm, mineral fertilizers with organic matter must be added to the soil. Also, the soil must be fertilized with humus and a mixture of nitrophoska with superphosphate and dolomite flour.

After adding the components, rows are made, between which you should sprinkle with wood ash. It will carry out a protective function against bacteria and diseases not only in autumn, but also in winter.

Fertilization

A mixture of fertilizers is applied in the fall while digging or loosening the earth. The earth must first be saturated with potassium substances and phosphorus, so that by the first frost the cloves take root in it and survive the winter well. 14 days before planting the garlic, the soil is loosened and fertilized with several mineral components.

Feed the plants in the fall with liquid mixtures, since they are better processed with the help of soil bacteria. As a result, the culture takes root well. Then, when the digging of the earth is over and all the necessary substances are added, the site is leveled with a rake and treated with a solution of copper sulfate. As for nitrogen fertilizers, they are not suitable for garlic.

Formation of the garden

In order to plant garlic in the fall, you need to prepare the beds in advance. To do this, in August, they dig up the ground and apply top dressing. 260 g of chalk with 200 g of wood ash with phosphorus and potassium substances is introduced per 1 m. The optimal bed should have a width of 1 m and a height of no more than 26 cm.After its formation, the earth must be given time to settle until autumn. Only then can you proceed to further work.

To prevent contamination of garlic with an infection or disease, the soil is decontaminated with a special solution. There are several types of solution to choose from. The first is formed from water and copper sulfate powder. The second is obtained from a mixture of Bordeaux liquid with potassium permanganate and water. For the third solution, boric acid is mixed with potassium permanganate and copper sulfate, and then the solution is poured with water and the plant is watered. Gardeners recommend pouring the last solution into the seeds before planting in the fall.

Before planting garlic for winter cultivation, it is important to choose a suitable place for it in the garden. This vegetable should not be planted for 5 years after any bulbous plants, so that the larvae of pests left after them do not harm the crops. Growing any winter garlic outdoors will be successful after such predecessors:

legumes,
zucchini,
pumpkins,
cereals,
winter grasses,
cucumbers.

According to the technology of growing garlic bulbs, it is not recommended to plant it after potatoes. A plot for winter planting must meet the requirements:

Good illumination and ventilation of the ground, but not on a hill, where the winter wind will blow off all the snow.
A dry place where water does not retain in spring.

Fertile loam or sandstone is preferred. This soil for garlic is one of the best options. If, for example, alumina is predominantly on the site, then it is advisable to bring in the required amount of the required land specifically for the beds for this crop.

Here are some recommendations for self-improvement of soil characteristics for different types of soil (components are indicated in the volume of a bucket / m²):

peat bogs - coarse sand (1) loam (1);
heavy clays - peat (1) river sand (1);
light sandstones - clay crushed to a powder state (1) peat (1).

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Soil acidity

Optimally neutral. If the soil pH is overestimated (or significantly less than the permissible value), then a number of measures will have to be taken. For example, with its high value, the so-called liming is done (full information on this type of agrotechnical work is easy to find on the Internet). The simplest technique is to add fluff lime (2.5 kg / m²) or wood ash (from 0.8 to 2.8 kg / m², depending on the characteristics of the soil) into the soil.

The principle of crop rotation is also a separate, moreover, a rather voluminous topic. In short, it means the compatibility of horticultural crops. Each of them consumes a certain set of nutrients from the soil, and if plants of the same type are planted annually in the same place, which need the same chemical compounds for normal development, then the earth will be depleted, since they will be lacking in it.

It is recommended to plant garlic before winter in those places where pumpkin seeds (for example, cucumbers, zucchini, squash), legumes, cabbage (early) or some greens (parsley, celery, etc.), including siderates, were grown ... Everything is detailed in the tables.

The author was faced with the fact that individual items in different tables contradict each other. For example, in some, cabbage is indicated as a good precursor of garlic, in others it is undesirable. This is not least due to the fact that the data in them is of a general plan, not taking into account the variety of crops, the composition of the soil, and a number of other factors.

But on the beds from which the harvest of potatoes (except for early varieties), tomatoes, any of the representatives of bulbous, carrots, beets, eggplants, radishes is harvested, garlic can be planted in autumn (or spring) no earlier than 3 years later.

The location of the garden

Planting garlic before winter assumes that it remains in the ground until spring. Consequently, he has to endure all the accompanying "charms".

First, the flooding. This means that in order for the melting snow and groundwater not to literally flood the root system of the garlic (this is fraught with rotting), and the bulb does not become watery, the place for the beds with planting before winter should rise above the rest of the territory. If the plot is absolutely flat, you will have to raise the plot (for example, do it in bulk) by at least 15 cm (the limit is 25).

Crop rotation

We change the beds in places

The vegetable grows poorly for 2 years in a row in one place: the culture tends to deplete the soil. The periods between landings in one place should not be less than 4-5 years.

When planting garlic, take into account which culture grew before that. Bad predecessors are:

This is because crops have common diseases and are affected by the same pests; such crops tend to severely drain the soil.

The crops after which it is recommended to plant winter varieties are:

cereals;
legumes;
zucchini and cucumbers;
pumpkin;
pepper;
eggplant;
early varieties of cabbage;
radish and summer radish;
leafy greens;
perennial herbs;
berry growers.

A feature of these crops is a short growing season, the soil after harvesting has time to recover.

Selection of the future neighbors of the spicy vegetable is important for the success of the harvest. Culture gets along well with:

beans;
cabbage;
parsnips;
tomatoes;
leafy greens.

Neighborhood with beets, radishes, carrots and spinach has a bad effect on the growth of winter varieties.

Garden bed preparation rules

Formation of the garden

1. The bed for the autumn planting of garlic is prepared in advance. As a rule, one month before the intended landing.

2. Too dense soil is not suitable for growing garlic, so it must be loosened.

3. The ideal soil for garlic is loam.

4. A good harvest is obtained only in nutrient-rich soil. Fertilizers will help improve the composition of the soil.

Autumn sowing of garlic occurs when the average temperature drops to 10 degrees. In the middle zone of our country, this is usually the end of September, or the first half of October. It is necessary that before the onset of frost the plant can root well, but does not have time to germinate. The embedding depth of winter garlic should be at least 7 cm so that winter frosts do not destroy the sowing.

Unlike spring garlic, winter garlic throws out arrows in summer. This usually happens at the end of June. These arrows must be broken without allowing them to grow by more than 10 cm. If you do not break them, then the yield will be much worse, since most of the nutrients will go to the arrow.

Garlic needs fertile soil to achieve the desired quality, you should add about forty kilograms of superphosphate to it, you also need about ten grams of potassium chloride, per 1M2. If you are an organic lover, this mixture can be replaced by composting, it will take about 5 kilograms per 1 m2.

It is very important to correctly determine in what period of autumn you need to plant winter garlic. Experienced gardeners recommend planting crops closer to the beginning of October. It is necessary to wait for the period when the first frosts come. As soon as the ground begins to freeze, you should immediately plant a crop.

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Fertilizers should be applied no later than 2 weeks before planting. The bed must be well dug up and limestone. Then you need to add a solution to the soil

copper sulfate (1 tbsp., l. for 1 bucket of water). Consumption - 1 liter. per 1 sq., m. After all procedures, the area should be covered with a film.

WATERING. Watering the garlic depends on weather factors. The first time this operation is carried out when the average daily temperature rises above 15 degrees. Water for irrigation should be used warm (at least 16 degrees) to protect the plant from possible diseases. The best time to water is in the morning or evening.

The optimal timing for planting garlic cloves before winter is from mid-September to the second half of October. Many gardeners follow the lunar calendar, which indicates specific favorable dates for planting. Also, be guided by your region's climate and weather forecast.If you plant garlic too early, it will sprout, the seedlings will freeze. If you do this late, then by winter the teeth will not have time to acquire a root system (10-12 cm).

fresh garlic on wooden table

Saving time during spring work. Planting dates are extended, which allows you to take your time and prepare well for the procedure. In the spring there is too much work in the garden, there is no time for high-quality preparation of the garden bed and material, and in the fall it is much more.
Winter garlic is not afraid of frost, while return frosts can destroy the tender shoots of spring garlic.
The planting material is large enough, and the small fraction of spring garlic often dries out by the time of planting.
Winter garlic is undemanding to care for, since there is enough soil moisture for its development.
Winter varieties of garlic are more resistant to pests, less affected by various diseases.
The yield of winter garlic is much higher than that of spring garlic.
Harvesting takes place a month earlier, which allows the garlic to be used for summer consumption.

Fertilization

Like any crops, garlic will not "refuse" feeding. Fertilizers are applied at the stage of soil preparation, using organic matter and mineral compositions. The purpose of autumn dressing is to improve the soil, strengthen the rooted plants before wintering. On fertile soils, the culture in the spring gives amicable strong shoots, and then full-fledged large heads.

On a note! Fresh manure must not be applied to the ridges. A large amount of nitrogen stimulates the intensive growth of the ground part, which is detrimental to winter varieties. Also, with an excess of nitrogen, the taste of the vegetable worsens, it is more often stored more, worse.

Suitable organic fertilizers:

compost;
humus.

When sowing podzimnym for rapid root growth, plants need phosphorus and potassium. Therefore, the introduction of wood ash, superphosphate, phosphate rock is shown.

Determination of soil acidity

Planting winter garlic in the fall begins with planning:

the amount of fertilizer;
to what depth to plant a winter plant species;
selection of predecessors;
composting for pretreatment of ridges.

But without determining the acidity of the soil, planting work cannot be carried out. For garlic, the norm is a neutral indicator from 5.5 to 7.0.

Acidic soils with a pH of 4.0 to 5.0 have a rusty hue, and water accumulated in the lowlands is covered with an iridescent film on top. In areas with acidic soil, plantain, horsetail, mint grow well.

On slightly acidic ones - chamomile, coltsfoot, wood lice. Prefers neutral ground nettle. And for garlic, it is most acceptable.

The acidity is reduced by introducing dolomite flour or slaked lime into the soil. You can increase the level with wood ash.

Before planting winter garlic in the fall, it is necessary to determine the acidity level of the soil. To do this, it is not at all necessary to have special devices on hand.

Weeds such as buttercup, plantain, horsetail grow on soils with high acidity. Nettles, coltsfoot, clover, bindweed can be seen in an area with a normal acidity level.
You can check the acidity level with table vinegar. A small amount of vinegar is poured into the soil. If there is no reaction, then the acidity is increased. In the event of bubbles and hiss, it is said that the acidity level is normal.
Currant infusion helps to check the acidity. A small amount of soil from the garden is placed in a glass of cooled infusion. If the color has become a deep red, then the soil is acidic. A light pink color indicates a normal acidity level.

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Garlic does not develop well in acidic soils. The process of assimilation of nutrients is slowed down and, as a result, the culture does not develop well.If the soil is characterized by high acidity, the beds are preliminarily treated with chalk, limestone or dolomite flour.

The planting material determines the depth to plant the garlic. The optimal depth for cloves is considered to be 12 centimeters, for bulbs - 3-4 centimeters. Then the bed is mulched with peat, sawdust or dry leaves.

Site formation

Preparing the right bed for garlic in the fall begins a few days after harvesting the vegetables. The selected place is carefully cleaned of weeds and their roots, the required amount of components is added to improve the soil, manure.

The earth is carefully dug to a depth of 20-25 cm. The width of the autumn garden bed for garlic should not be more than a meter, the height - 20-25 cm. If necessary, its edges are strengthened with boards. The dug-up area is covered with foil and left for several weeks.

During this time, the soil will be compacted, its structure will improve. A vegetable planted in such soil will not go deeper and will form a large head. If there is no rain, the dug-up earth is watered with water: then the soil will settle better.

Selection of predecessors

For the healthy development of garlic, it is important to select a site with suitable precursors. Therefore, the landing should be planned according to all the rules.

An ideal place for growing garlic is considered to be a garden from which vegetables such as tomatoes, cucumbers, pumpkin, cabbage, zucchini, and legumes were harvested. Garlic grows well next to berries, grapes, raspberries.

Before planting, the soil must not be fertilized with manure, chicken droppings and rotted compost. If you do not follow this rule, then not the head of garlic will grow, but the tops. The teeth will be loose and not juicy. The harvested crop is little stored and rots quickly.

Think about how to prepare the soil in the fall for planting garlic in advance. An important role is played by what kind of neighbors the garlic garden should have. Of the predecessors, cucumbers and zucchini will be the best. But vegetables - garlic and onions do not go well with each other. Although the vegetable with its smell scares off pests of garden and garden crops, but raspberries, grapes do not tolerate such a neighborhood. Vegetable culture inhibits the development of the root system of berry plants.

Tomatoes, cucumbers withstand the neighborhood with a fragrant plant. Vegetables along with zucchini, beans will provide the soil with nutrients. But for carrots, the pungent smell of the plant will scare off the pest - the onion fly, but the culture will grow poorly next to the carrot beds.

A bed for garlic before winter should be planned in advance, and the predecessors are taken care of as early as possible.

Planted crops are harvested in mid-August. The soil after the green manure will be filled with the elements necessary for the growth of the plant.

A mixture of oats, peas and mustard is planted along the bed in the fall. By October, the seedlings will grow up, and their stems will cover the planting of the vegetable. During the winter, green manure will keep the snow in the garden bed, protect the seedlings from frost.

In the spring, rotten parts of plants will be an excellent organic fertilizer.

Getting started landing

Prepared garlic is planted in fertilized soil prepared according to all the rules. Pour 3 cm of clean river sand into the grooves 15 cm deep. It must be shed well. The garlic is placed in it with the sharp part up. The distance between the teeth must be respected. Then the garlic is covered with earth, covered with sawdust, straw, needles. You can cover the beds with roofing felt before the snow falls.

The bulbs are planted in grooves 5 cm deep on moistened sand. They are also sprinkled with earth, mulched. Some gardeners plant bulbs in perforated newspapers. Sprinkle with earth on top and mulch. It is believed that this method allows you to forget about weeds in the beds.

Processing the soil for garlic in autumn

Garlic requires good soil moisture during germination and bulb growth.This is due to the presence of a poorly developed root system, it is located at a shallow depth in the upper layer of the soil (usually the roots of garlic reach no more than 40 centimeters in depth). Scientists say that if the humidity regime is observed and the garlic is properly watered, the yield of this crop can be increased by 2-3 times.

Soil moisture is checked with special devices, tonsiometers. At the beginning of the growing season, before the formation of bulbs, these devices are buried by 15-20 centimeters, while the humidity should be 80% HB (nominal humidity).

Before planting winter garlic in the fall, you need to start by arranging the beds. The site is dug up, improving the structure of the soil:

In clay - add a bucket of sand and peat per square meter.
Heavy, dense soils are loosened with sand.
Lands with sand are structured with a bucket of peat and two buckets of clay.

If the beds are made on virgin soil, then a mixture of a glass of chalk or dolomite flour, two glasses of potassium sulfate and wood ash is added per square meter.

The quality of the soil will improve if you scatter humus over the garden bed, followed by digging.

Sowing green manure will make the earth nutritious, filled with useful elements.

Sprinkle the garden bed with urea in the fall, taking one tablespoon per one and a half to two square meters of the plot.

Preparing the land for planting garlic in the fall is an important step in harvesting the vegetable.

The winter garlic should be planted in the fall, focusing on the local climate and the current season. Usually they start growing it a few weeks before the onset of the first frost, so that it has time to take root in the ground. If you decide on the timing of planting a plant by region, then in the middle lane (Moscow and Moscow region) you need to plant it in late September and early October.

Since the root system of garlic is poorly developed, fertile, loose soil is required for its growth. Before planting winter garlic in the fall, the soil is dug up and fertilized.

In early September, a plot for garlic is dug to a depth of 26 centimeters, mineral components and organic matter are added. The quality of the soil will improve if you add a bucket of humus, 45 grams of nitrophosphate and superphosphate, as well as 250 grams of dolomite flour. Components are calculated per 1 square meter of land.

On the prepared plot of land, rows are made, between which wood ash is sprinkled. Ash will protect against the invasion of pests and many diseases.

Before planting, the site is watered and furrows are made at a distance of 25 centimeters. The width of the bed itself should be about a meter, the height - 20 centimeters.

When to plant garlic before winter depends primarily on the planned planting depth.

Most often, the garlic is buried 3-5 cm.In this case, planting is carried out 2-3 weeks before the first frost.

In the middle lane, this period usually falls on the 20th of September - 10th of October. In warmer regions with mild climates, this is November.

Many gardeners prefer to plant garlic to a greater depth, with this method it takes root better and tolerates winter frosts more easily. When to plant winter garlic in deep planting? In the middle lane - from the last decade of August to the second decade of October.

We have already figured out how to prepare a bed for planting and when to plant winter garlic, now is the time to decide how to prepare the planting material itself.

Firstly, it is important to carefully examine the garlic and disassemble the heads into separate cloves, from which the largest, healthy ones need to be selected for planting.

If you are planting non-shooting garlic varieties, use only the outer tier cloves.

The selected cloves must be soaked for a day in a 0.1% solution of potassium permanganate or 1% solution of copper sulfate.

After these procedures, the garlic can be considered ready for winter planting.

Now we proceed directly to the technology of planting garlic in the fall.

Making holes

On a bed prepared in advance, we outline the planting site for winter garlic. To do this, make holes in the ground with a stick at a distance of 10 cm from each other. The depth of the holes is from 3 to 15 cm, depending on the method and time of planting. We already discussed this at the beginning of the article.

The distance between the rows is 20-25 cm.

Place the garlic cloves in the holes.

It is not worth pressing them into the ground, as this delays root formation.

If the soil is dry, you can spill it with a pink solution of potassium permanganate.

We fill the holes

It is necessary to cover the holes with rotted compost.

The optimal mulch layer is about 10 cm. For mulching it is best to use peat, pine needles or spruce branches, fallen leaves.

In warm regions, you do not need to mulch winter garlic.

There is another, less familiar approach to preparing a garden for winter garlic.

At the end of August, fertilizer must be applied to the garden bed:

potassium sulfate (2 tablespoons per square meter);
superphosphate (1 tablespoon per square meter);
wood ash (2 glasses per square meter);
chalk (1 glass per square meter);
humus (10 kg per square meter).

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All fertilizers are applied dry and scattered over the soil surface.

After that, the earth must be carefully dug up. Again, for a speedy shrinkage, the soil is watered abundantly. If the weather is rainy, watering is optional.

We fill the garden

The first step is to sow rows of peas, oats and white mustard along the prepared bed, 35-45 cm from it.

1-2 days before planting the garlic, you need to make a top dressing. To do this, urea is applied to the beds (10-20 g per square meter). Then the earth is generously watered.

In early October, when the sprouts of peas and oats reach 20 cm or more, it is time to plant garlic between their green rows.

This method of planting garlic in winter is quite effective. Greens will retain snow in the beds, due to which in winter the garlic will be covered with a snow "fur coat", and in the spring it will receive sufficient moisture.

Whatever technology you choose for planting and growing winter garlic, we hope you will be able to get a good harvest next summer. To do this, check out our list of the Best Winter Garlic Varieties.

Tips for gardeners

The qualitative and quantitative indicators of the crop largely depend on the quality of the seed. For podwinter sowing, only winter varieties are suitable, which are easy to recognize by their appearance - they consist of a core and 4-10 cloves located around it. Preparing garlic for planting in the fall involves:

calibration - selection of large and intact teeth;
their pickling with strongly diluted potassium permanganate;
removal of the dried bottom from them.

Applying in practice the instructions on how to prepare a garden for winter garlic in the fall, even an inexperienced vegetable grower will reap a good harvest.

Disinfection

To prevent contamination of the vegetable crop with various infections, the soil is disinfected. You can prepare a solution based on several components.

In 10 liters of water, 35 grams of copper sulfate powder should be diluted. A bed is spilled with a ready-made solution and covered with a film.
In a bucket of water, you can dissolve 100 milliliters of Bordeaux liquid and a strong solution of potassium permanganate.
A mixture of boric acid, potassium permanganate and copper sulfate is suitable. For two liters of water, take 2 grams of each component.

It is useful to hold the seeds in a solution of potassium permanganate before planting.

How to prepare a bed for a winter crop in the fall so that the plant does not become infected with pathogenic microorganisms? Fungi accumulate in the ground in the fall, and the garlic may die before it begins to grow.

The earth is sterilized by treatment with a solution of copper sulfate. In ten liters of water, dilute a tablespoon of the substance and spill the soil. To improve the disinfection process, the bed is covered with a film for a day or two.

Requires disinfection and cloves prepared for planting.They are soaked in a weak solution of potassium permanganate, holding for twenty to thirty minutes.

How to prepare a garden for winter garlic?

Damp cloves will quickly release a green sprout and die in the winter cold. It is necessary to disassemble the head into teeth just before planting, otherwise they will dry out, which will significantly reduce their germination. Do not forget to remove the old mother's bottom, it will play the role of a cork through which moisture and nutrients cannot enter, which means that growth will be impossible.

This method has undeniable advantages. You get healthy seed that has not yet had contact with the soil and could not be infected. In addition, having grown winter garlic, you should leave a considerable part of the best heads for the new fall sowing. Using bulbs will save you from such irrational crop distribution. So when we prepare a garden for garlic, do not forget to make another one - for the future seed material.

Formation of the garden

In the area intended for planting, recesses are made at intervals of 10 centimeters. The depth of the holes depends on the planting method and can range from 3.5 to 14 centimeters. The distance between the rows is approximately 23 centimeters.
Planting material is laid out in the prepared holes, not pressing too much into the ground.
It is recommended to close the holes with rotted manure.
Then the beds are mulched with spruce needles, dry leaves, sawdust. A layer of mulch is made at least 10 centimeters.

In addition to the traditional method of planting winter vegetable varieties, there are other options. If there is not enough space on the site, then you can use the double planting method. In this case, the cloves are planted in two levels. The first row is planted deeper, the second a little higher.

A deep furrow is prepared, the cloves are laid to a depth of 12.5 centimeters and sprinkled with a layer of earth.
The second row should be 5.5 centimeters deep. The distance between the teeth is 14 centimeters. An interval of about 24 centimeters is left between the furrows. The second level is also covered with earth.

In late August - early September, it is necessary to fertilize the soil: 10 kg of humus, 1 glass of chalk and 2 glasses of ash are added to each square meter of area, 2 tablespoons are added. potassium sulfate and 1 tbsp. superphosphate. Having evenly distributed all the components on the soil, it must be dug up. The digging depth should be at least 20 cm.

We form a garden

The ideal bed for winter garlic will be up to 1 m wide and up to 25 cm high.

Next, the bed is left alone until the soil has settled after digging. If there is little precipitation in September, then for better shrinkage, you can water the prepared bed with water several times.

Some gardeners are in a hurry and plant the garlic immediately after digging. This affects the growth and development of the plant: when the soil subsides, the cloves of garlic end up deep in the ground, and in the spring the germination time of the shoots increases and the yield of the crop decreases.

In order to prevent diseases of garlic, treat the ground with a 1% solution of copper sulfate (dilute 1 tablespoon of the substance in 10 liters of water). Spill the entire area of the garden with the resulting solution using a watering can. Then cover it with foil.

On average, 2 square meters will require 1 bucket of such a solution.

On the eve of planting garlic, scatter urea on the surface of the garden at the rate of 10-20 g per square meter and pour water over the soil.

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Determination of the landing site

Garlic is a culture that is demanding on the soil and the sun, therefore, a garden bed for it is arranged in the most comfortable and even place of the site. The plant does not like excess moisture; it should not be planted in lowland and shaded areas.

Melted snow should not lie in the future garlic bed: moisture destroys the sprouts. If the site is located on a hill, the wind will blow off snow from the ground, and the culture is threatened with freezing.

If the site is completely located in the lowland, the beds for winter garlic are made high, strengthened on the sides with boards or slate: this allows the soil to warm up better and makes it less wet.

The future garlic bed should be away from the paths.