What does an oak look like in autumn
The oak, which can be found in the forest in autumn, does not lose its amazing beauty. It changes the color of the foliage from green to bright yellow. In the first autumn months, the leaves are amber yellow. Closer to winter, they dry up and turn brown.
Many forest trees shed their bright outfits by October and remain completely naked. The autumn oak is in no hurry to part with the foliage. Even if its leaf becomes dry and brown, it clings tightly to the branches, remaining on them until the next spring.
If a tree grows in the thicket of the forest, it is cramped among other deciduous plants. Its trunk begins to stretch and become thinner. But if he grows in a spacious clearing, he becomes a mighty handsome man. Its trunk is thick, so the tree looks squat and stocky. Its branches, spreading out in different directions, form a lush crown, decorated with carved foliage.
When a person meets such an oak tree in the fall, the desire to describe it and share the experience with friends may awaken in his soul. Many people, amazed by the beauty of this tree, post beautiful photos on the Internet: sometimes ordinary words are not enough.
Deorevo grows strictly vertically, and its roots go deep into the soil, keeping the oak upright. It endures the attacks of caterpillars and other harmful insects. Even if they completely destroy its foliage, the mighty hero will still survive and grow a new lush crown.
If the tree is cut down, after a while new leaves will appear on the stump. They will quickly turn into shoots that will reach out to the sun. The strongest branch in the future will be the trunk of a new oak tree.
Use in construction
Due to the fact that wood does not rot in water, structures are built from it, submerged to the bottom of seas and rivers, and ships are created.
The older the tree, the more rings on its trunk. Such an oak, distinguished by its considerable age, is especially valuable in structure. Souvenirs are also made from softer, which means young trees. Strength increases over time.
Building materials are made from oak wood due to their low susceptibility to burning. It is considered to be fire resistant.
There is a version that the oak owes its name to the ancient Greek word, which translates as "build". After all, the quality of wood was appreciated many centuries ago.
Types of oak
Many oaks, in spite of autumn, remain covered with brown-yellow leaves, which are firmly attached to the branches. What is their secret? There are different types of these trees. Among the people, they are distinguished as follows: a buzzard oak and a summer oak. The summer grower dissolves foliage along with other trees. It falls in October-November. Rough legged foliage appears much later and lasts longer. When the first frosts come, it dries up, turning into an amazing herbarium created by nature itself. Dried leaves continue to hang on the branches, not subject to winds and other bad weather.
In our latitudes, 19 species of these trees are wild. Rough-legged Buzzards and Summer Legs are common in the regions of Central Russia. There are oaks that are firmly rooted on the rocks. They are called rocky or sessile. The crown of a rocky tree grows high and straight, and the trunk is much thinner than that of its forest counterparts.Sessile oak grows up to 30 m in height and lives for about 800 years. It can be found on any hilly hill in the form of a separately growing tree.
How to choose planting material
It's easy to grow a red oak on your site. To do this, it is enough to plant an acorn. The germination period is 2 to 3 weeks from the moment of planting. Agree that this way of growing requires a lot of time and effort.
You can buy a ready-made seedling in a specialized nursery. Before making a purchase, several criteria must be considered:
Planting material must have a closed root system. The presence of bare roots indicates that the plants may not take root in a new place.
In the process of the formation of young oak roots, many myceliums appear in the soil, which actively interact with the ornamental plant.
When the earthen coma is destroyed, the tree in most cases does not manage to survive the transplanting process.
The leaf plates should be up to 3 cm in length. They must have a uniform surface and be free of any defects.
The presence of bright spots on the leaves indicates a serious disease that can be transmitted to other ornamental crops. It is not recommended to purchase such planting material.
The thickness of the seedling trunk must be at least 1 cm.
Oak bark
The oak bark contains tannins, which have found application in medicine and the leather industry. In Russia, leather was processed only with oak bark. Leather processing is called tanning. This word began to be used even if the skin was treated with other compounds (willow bark or chromium salts).
Oak bark has the following beneficial properties:
- relieves inflammation;
- heals wounds;
- heals stomach diseases (if you use a decoction of it);
- eliminates allergic reactions;
- helps with colds;
- heals the gums.
For use in medicine, oak bark is harvested in spring. After collecting it is dried within 2-4 days. You need to store it dry and brittle.
Planting and caring for English oak
- The propagation of English oak is carried out by rooting of green cuttings. It is best to use young plants for this.
- Another good breeding method is planting freshly picked acorns.
- The fruits are harvested in the fall and placed in a dark, cool place until spring.
- Then the seeds of the pedunculate oak are germinated and transplanted into the soil.
Landing is best done in early spring in a sunny, weather-protected place.
The soil should be fertilized with a nutrient mixture of peat, sand and turf.
At high humidity, crushed stone is added to the fertilizer.
When planting, the roots are not buried deeply - they are left at ground level.
Attention! It is very important to actively water the plant and loosen the soil for several days after planting. Urea is usually used as a top dressing.
Pests
The main pests of the tree are considered pathogenic fungi... They appear as painful spots. Gradually, the leaves die off.
A dangerous disease of oak is dropsy - the tree rots from an excess of moisture and dies.
Also, do not forget about transverse cancerthat attacks the trunk and branches of the plant, depriving them of vitality and breaking them.
Beneficial features
It is not only oak bark that has beneficial properties. For example, acorns are used to treat intestinal disorders, hernias and skin diseases.
Oak foliage smells good and is an obstacle to the development of rot. Fragrant bath brooms are made from tree branches. Tubs intended for pickles are laid out with leaves. The workpieces do not sour and become especially tasty.
You can also make children's crafts from acorns. Acorns look very nice: they have a round shape and a pleasant glossy shine.
The autumn oak is an amazing sight. The mighty crown of yellow foliage pleases the eye of a person. When the leaves of the Rough-legged Buzzards dry up, they remain on the branches, attracting attention with a quiet and mysterious winter rustle.
Everyone is familiar with the oak leaf - a common symbol in heraldry. You can find images both on state awards and in decorative ornaments. However, it should be understood that there are many varieties of oak, and their leaves are also different. Therefore, it is worth considering what an oak leaf will look like.
Autumn vytynanka - leaves on the windows for kindergarten
The vytynanka look very beautiful. These are pictures where not one figure is cut out, but a whole composition. What do we need to create it?
- The idea of the pattern. It could be a scene ...
Or, one thing, for example, a leaf of a tree.
An important point for the pattern to be noticeable, it must be rather big!
- The pattern can be one color, but you can also make it from several colors.
- Decide how much and how much window space you want the picture to occupy.
If you take all this into account, then with the help of leaf templates, you can create your own picture!
The easiest way is to cut a branch and leaves on it, and some of the leaves are already spinning and falling.
Several templates for cutting - click on the picture and it will enlarge.
And you can also make leaves - snowflakes, right?
Fold the square diagonally, fold the resulting triangle in half, draw a leaf and cut it out.
Here are more templates for leaves, mushrooms, acorns from paper for windows.
Pumpkins with leaves and hedgehogs can also be a great addition to autumn decor in kindergarten, school or at home.
You can print a template, put it under your sheet of paper and cut with a clerical knife, or you can simply circle the necessary lines from the screen with a pencil, then cut out on the table.
You can decorate not only windows, but make a garland out of them.
Description of oak leaves
Oak varieties are characterized by leathery leaves. But there are evergreens, on which the foliage remains for several years, and there are those on which it falls every year. Moreover, in some cases, the oak leaves do not fall off, but dry up, but at the same time remain on the branches, and over time their gradual destruction occurs.
On average, the size is 7-15 cm. However, in large-leaved varieties, the length reaches 40 cm, and in width - at least 25 cm. In city parks, such giants are rare. In some varieties, the edges are solid, in others - carved, in others - lobed.
In Russia, the common oak is the common oak - a deciduous tree that reaches a height of 50 m. Even city dwellers have seen this oak in parks more than once, the leaves of which have a dark green tint. Botanists describe them as petiolar and lobed, and the structure as leathery. At the same time, they differ both in size and shape.
Greens are distinguished by reticular venation (also called feathery). On such specimens, the main vein can be distinguished, which is quite powerful and well visible visually. It runs in the middle - you can see it in any photo. Small veins diverge from it.
They create branches that form a mesh - hence the name of this venation. But since still large (although not so deep) veins extend from the main vein to the right and left, they give the leaf a similarity to a feather. Therefore, sometimes the venation is called pinnate.
Useful composition of oak wood and fruits
Wood is durable. After drying, its qualities do not change. With proper care, it serves for about a century, does not dry out, does not crack.
When it is in water for a long time, it does not deteriorate, does not rot, but turns black. Such wood is known as moraine.It is harder, but soaking results in increased brittleness.
The fruits are famous for their high content of tannins, beta-carotene. In addition, they contain essential oils and starch.
Leaf photo
They cannot be confused with others - they have a characteristic oblong shape and a lobed or carved edge. You can find many summer photos, but many more are autumn photos, as many varieties have beautiful leaves turning yellow. And in the holly oak they turn red.
This variety is more common in North America, but can sometimes be found in a city park in Russia. So, in good weather, you should take a camera or at least a smartphone with you and go in search of a suitable tree.
If it works, you can even remove the texture, the very feathery venation described above. To do this, it is best to photograph the foliage in the light. There is not always enough light in the park to make this picture. In this case, the specimen can be brought home and photographed on glass by placing a light source underneath. It is clear that professional cameras and macro lenses help to achieve better results in such cases.
Interesting facts about oak and its fruits
Oaks do not produce acorns until they are 20 years old. After that, from every ten thousandth fruit that falls to the ground, a new tree grows.
Acorns are actually considered nuts. It is thanks to them that wild boars survive, which eat the fruits and thereby accumulate fat.
The cost of bog oak lying in water exceeds 300 thousand per cubic meter. This is the price of tree trunks. The cost of the boards increases several times.
Oak is a powerful tree, the fruits and wood of which have unique properties, their value can hardly be overestimated in construction, industry, medicine. In Russia, it is widespread, even found on the coats of arms of cities and provinces. In total, there are more than 600 plant species in the world.
Leaf pictures
At the mention of the autumn park, many people have a picture from a botany textbook depicting an oak leaf before their eyes. There are those who collect herbariums and even start special albums. But you can also sketch in your sketchbook.
If desired, in the fall, everyone can try themselves in the role of an artist. You need to go to the park, collect oak leaves there and create a whole collage.
In order to make it easier to depict the sheet, you can simply circle it on paper with a pencil, like a template. And then everything depends solely on imagination and artistic skills.
For example, you can color a drawing with watercolors, pencils, or felt-tip pens. And you can take any shades - you can find a lot of photos and hand-drawn images that will prompt the palette option.
If the color of summer leaves varies from light to dark green, then in autumn brown, and brownish, and yellow, and bright red shades are possible. At the same time, the veins always appear darker, and sometimes they are also contrasting. A little patience and the picture will be ready.
After the first freeze, many trees and bushes are painted in stunning bright clothes! We study the top of the most beautiful autumn trees and shrubs
See 17 of the most beautiful autumn shrubs in our TOP.
Winged euonymus
A deciduous shrub or small tree whose leaves acquire all shades of red in autumn: from carmine red to lilac red, almost purple.
Winter-hardy shrub, can be planted in single and group planting. Varieties are especially popular Compactus and Chicago fire... In addition, European and sacred euonymus are also valued for the red autumn foliage.
On the photo: 1 winged spindle tree; 2 Winged Euonymus Compactus; 3 Euonymus European
Red oak
The leaves of a red oak already have a reddish tint when they are dissolved in spring, after which they turn green and become bright red in autumn.
Red maple
Several types of maple can boast a beautiful autumn outfit: palm-shaped or fan-shaped maples, Japanese red and Manchurian.
Modern varieties of palm-shaped maple are covered with dark red leaves from spring (in summer some varieties have green leaves), in autumn with an orange-reddish tint. In addition, their openwork crown is very beautiful, which acquires a special charm in the rays of the soft autumn sun.
The varieties of the palm-shaped and Japanese maples are the most whimsical of all the plants presented in this review. For planting, select places protected from the wind, preferably near a body of water.
One of the best red maple varieties is red maple Red Sanset... Blushes earlier than the popular maple October glory, but more frost-resistant.
DIY paper autumn leaves
Drawing on the leaves.
First, it is worth crumpling a sheet of paper so that peculiar creases appear on it.
Now we iron the paper with an iron conscientiously.
We apply drops of paint alternately: red. Green, yellow and orange. Shade the droplets slightly.
Gently spray with a brush dipped in paint on paper to make droplets.
Template. Of course, you can take a ready-made one from the ones below, but you can draw it yourself.
We draw 2 horizontal and one vertical lines on thick paper.
Draw with the lines "heart". Only in our heart, all the corners are not rounded, but drawn very clearly.
We connect the vertical line with the horizontal ones, bringing all the segments to one point. It turns out 5 segments.
And now draw a part of a wedge leaf around these segments. All together it turns out a sheet!
With this design, you can make leaves like the size.
Cutting out.
And here you can do it yourself!
Author MK
Planting process
Planting a red oak tree takes place in several stages. They include:
Preliminary preparation of the landing pit. The depth should be 30 cm and the width should be 50 cm.
A drainage layer must be laid on the bottom. To do this, use small pebbles or expanded clay. The embankment thickness does not exceed 2 cm.
Next, the planting material is removed from the container. After that, install it on the drainage layer.
The roots are sprinkled with a nutritious earthy substrate. We prepare it in a ratio of 1/3 proportions. The main part of the mixture consists of humus and peat, and the other part is made up of a small amount of limestone.
The distance between the seedlings should be 6 m. This will be enough to form a lush crown.
At the end of planting, regular watering is carried out. It will allow the root system to adapt to the new location.
How to care?
The care process involves meeting several requirements. These include:
Regular watering. From the moment of planting, it is necessary to moisten the soil. An adult seedling is able to cope with moisture deficit on its own.
It is also necessary to loosen and remove weeds.
Mulching with dry grass or sawdust will help prevent regular drying out of the earthen soil.
Dry branches must be removed in the spring. This manipulation will allow the tree to quickly recover after the winter period.
Top dressing. It allows you to keep the decorative color. For this, it uses mineral compounds based on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. These ingredients support metabolic processes and stimulate root growth.
