Do-it-yourself greenhouse year-round: tips and tricks for arranging
Many gardeners dream of getting a good harvest, regardless of weather conditions, but how to build a year-round greenhouse and use your greenhouse structure as efficiently as possible? Consider several options for arranging a heating system and choosing materials, even without the involvement of specialized assistance.
Types of year-round greenhouses
There are many ways to create a greenhouse where vegetables and herbs will feel comfortable all year round. For private country houses, two of them are most common.
Where to start building
Protected ground facilities operating all year round for the purpose of growing plants must meet a number of requirements:
- Reliability;
- Quality;
- Compliance with specific weather conditions;
- Practicality, ease of use;
- Durability.
A year-round greenhouse can be built on its own. You should start by choosing its location. It must meet a number of the following requirements:
- The maximum amount of light from the sun ensures the development of plants and their growth;
- An approach should be provided to the structure, which makes it easy to deliver building materials, and in the future - to operate the structure;
- Dimensions are selected to meet the goals, production volumes.
Practice shows that every gardener needs additional space over time. Therefore, it is better to plan sizes with a margin.
The location of the year-round greenhouse determines the efficiency of its operation. While providing the maximum amount of natural light, the influence of the wind must also be taken into account. It is recommended to install the structure from west to east, as well as to make additional protection.
Glass and polycarbonate greenhouses
The technology for creating these greenhouses is the same. But gardeners prefer to use polycarbonate. Transparent sheets are more stable and durable, which is important during winter snowfalls.
Such structures have double walls with an air gap between them. On the Internet, you can find many photos with the designs of a year-round greenhouse.
A big advantage of polycarbonate or glass greenhouses is the transparency of the material. This significantly helps to save on additional lighting fixtures.
Of the minuses, we can note the need for a powerful heating system, since the walls and ceiling do not fully retain the heat inside the building.
Greenhouse all year round: heating system
There are now a large number of manufacturers offering various types of heating systems. Having familiarized yourself with their characteristics, you can dwell on one or another equipment.
Heating types:
- Stove. It is the simplest method by design. Heats the greenhouse well and quickly, while the top remains non-combustible.
- The species helps create heat by rotting organic matter that microorganisms produce. Fuel can be bark, fertilizers or sawdust.
- A water heating device consists of a tank, a boiler, a pipe system with radiators and a pump. It is the best solution for heating a greenhouse.
- For the gas type, burners and heaters are needed, which must be evenly distributed throughout the room.
- To install an air heating system, you will need the help of professionals. It is installed at the same time as the greenhouse itself.
- An electric heating system has many advantages. It is very effective and can be represented as a heat gun, convector, heating mats, etc.
Do not rely on biological heating in winter. During such a period, it can only be an addition, since the amount of heat that it emits is not enough to heat the greenhouse.
Carrying out a gas heating system, you need to solve the issue with ventilation systems.
Having organized the heating well, you can enjoy a rich harvest all year round.
Foam concrete greenhouses
In mixed-type greenhouses for year-round cultivation of vegetables, the same polycarbonate is used as the ceiling. And the walls are made of foam concrete, followed by insulation.
It turns out exactly the opposite: less energy consumption for heating, and an urgent need for additional lamps, since daylight penetrates the plants only through the transparent ceiling.
Permissions to open
For this type of activity, the seller of seedlings must obtain a sanitary phytocertification. You can get it from the sanitary inspection. It is also necessary to register an enterprise with state authorities, register with the tax office as an agricultural producer, purchase land or conclude a lease agreement. In fact, there are many more ways to get rich. The author of this blog writes in great detail about these methods in an article about investment methods and starting a business.
(13 estimates, average: 4,00 out of 5)
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Mixed greenhouse installation
The construction of the foundation and floor for a mixed greenhouse is similar to the previous option. But before the start of work on the construction of walls, you need to withstand at least 3 months.
Walls made of foam blocks are assembled and insulated according to a previously developed structure.
The height of the greenhouse should be at least 1.75m so that you can walk inside without bending over. The polycarbonate ceiling is attached in a special way:
- a metal frame is formed;
- the first layer of transparent material is attached;
- another row of guide profiles is made on top of the sheets;
- the second layer of polycarbonate is fixed.
Such a ceiling will keep warm well. In order to preserve maximum sunlight in a greenhouse with opaque walls, the lower part of the walls is covered with foil film, and the rest is painted white.
What should a greenhouse business plan for growing vegetables look like?
To be successful and get a quick return on investment, do the following:
1. Decide what exactly will grow in your greenhouse. There are enough options - it can be onions, parsley, indoor flowers, herbs and other plants.
One of the best ways to make money is to grow vegetables such as carrots, kohlrabi, broccoli, potatoes, leeks, cabbage, cucumbers, eggplant, garlic, peppers, and so on.
2. Decide on a growing system. A good option is hydroponics. The peculiarity of this system is complete automation of the process, minimal costs and high efficiency.
Each plant grows in its own container of water, which receives additional fertilizers and nutrients.
The disadvantage of this system is that vegetables acquire an unnatural "watery" taste.
If you plan to develop long-term cooperation with representatives of retail outlets, then it is better to refuse this method.
You can get delicious vegetables when grown on the ground or through special mobile beds.
By the way, the last option is the most preferable. With this method, vegetables acquire a truly "natural" taste and are no different from those grown in the country under the open sun.
3. Find a greenhouse site. At the initial stage, the greenhouse needs an area of about 130-150 square meters. But look for a place with the prospect of further expansion.
When searching, consider the possibility of supplying electricity, breaking a well or supplying water. The quality of the soil is also of great importance. The average cost of rental costs is from 30 thousand rubles, but you can find it cheaper.
4. Find staff. With all the desire to cope with such a business, it will not work out on its own - hardworking assistants are needed. It is advisable to take two or three people who will take care of vegetables, plant, harvest and perform other work.
The financial part of the question will look like this:
- payment for lease of land for a greenhouse - from 30,000 rubles per month;
- purchase and arrangement of a greenhouse - from 400,000 rubles;
- payment for electricity - from 15,000 rubles per month;
- expenses for deductions and taxes - from 15,000 rubles per month.
Total costs - from 500-600 thousand rubles.
How to install a greenhouse?
If you are building a small greenhouse, then you can build it yourself. In the case of the construction of a capital structure, then find specialists. Greenhouse business idea is a promising direction.
But for its implementation, it is important to build a high-quality greenhouse, taking into account all the rules and regulations.
It is important not only to build a structure, but also to organize watering, bring in soil, supply electricity, install a boiler, and so on. It is better to look for a company that is ready to do everything on a turnkey basis, up to resolving issues with the power supply organization.
Construction and arrangement costs - from 400,000 rubles.
